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261.
Knud J. Helsing George W. Comstock Mary B. Meyer Melvin L. Tockman 《Environment international》1982,8(1-6)
The records of 708 nonsmoking white adult residents of Washington County, MD, who had participated in two of respiratory symptoms were analyzed to evaluate the effects of exposure at home to two potential sources of indoor air pollution: cigarette smoking by other household members, and use of gas as a cooking fuel. After adjustment for the effects of age, sex, socioeconomic level, occupational exposure to dust, and years of residence in household, the presence of one or more smokers in the household was only suggestively associated with a higher frequency of chronic phlegm and impaired ventilatory function defined as FEV1 < 80% predicted. The use for cooking was associated with a significantly increased frequency of chronic cough and a significantly greater percentage with impaired ventilatory function as measured both by FEV1 < 80% predicted and by FEV1/FVC < 70%. 相似文献
262.
Albert C. F. Lam Daniel H. C. Chan Tony M. F. Tong Mary H. Y. Tang Steven Y. F. Lo Ivan F. M. Lo Stephen T. S. Lam 《黑龙江环境通报》2006,26(11):1018-1020
We present the first confirmed case by molecular analysis of a metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, McKusick type, in a 22-week fetus. Two novel compound heterozygous mutations, 64T> A and 79G > T, were found in the highly conserved regions of the RMRP gene. Twenty-two heterozygous g.1018 T> C mutations, two homozygous g.1018 T> C mutations, two heterozygous insertion mutations g.799_g.800insC and one heterozygous insertion mutation g.849_g.850insT were found among 100 normal controls. Careful radiological examination of the fetus for skeletal dysplasia allowed definitive diagnosis, proper genetic counselling and future prenatal diagnosis. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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The field of environmental risk management is relatively new and has developed rapidly over the past several years. There has been, however, a significant lack of integration of seemingly dissimilar disciplines into a meaningful context for top management risk decisions—until now. A new holistic approach, centered on the ISO 14001 standard for environmental management systems, addresses many of the issues that have kept environmental risk management focused on technical rather than strategic issues. This article describes the risk management process, illustrates how the ISO 14001 standard can be used by organizations to integrate and assess technical environmental information, and shows how to place this information in a strategic risk management context. It also explains how key ISO 14001 concepts such as policy implementation, operational control, and continuous improvement form the basis of a systems approach, and why the systems approach is the preferred, cost-effective structure for controlling environmental risk. 相似文献
265.
Min Chen Dr Yung Hang Lam Chen Lung Lin Kwok Wah Chan Pui Wah Hui Mary Hoi Yin Tang Chin Peng Lee Pek Lan Khong 《黑龙江环境通报》2002,22(12):1067-1070
Enteric duplication cyst is a congenital abnormality that is believed to arise from abnormal recanalization of the bowel during embryogenesis. Previous reports suggest that the condition may be suspected prenatally by sonographic demonstration of an intra-abdominal cystic mass in the second and third trimesters. We present the sonographic features of a fetus with ileal duplication cyst at 12 weeks of gestation, which show that the condition may present in the first trimester of pregnancy. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
266.
Second-trimester serum inhibin-A is increasingly used as a fourth marker in addition to the triple test to screen for Down syndrome. We investigated whether fetal gender had an effect on serum inhibin-A concentration. A retrospective analysis was done on 316 normal pregnancies and 48 Down syndrome pregnancies in which maternal serum inhibin-A assays were performed between 15 and 20 weeks of gestation and in which the fetal sex was known. The median inhibin-A MoM (95% CI) for normal pregnancies in the presence of a male fetus was 0.93 (range 0.88–1.03). This was significantly lower than that in the presence of a female fetus (median MoM=1.04). The gender difference was not observed in the Down syndrome pregnancies. The increased inhibin-A concentration would lead to a 2.3-fold higher false-positive rate in the presence of a female fetus (10.6% vs 4.6%; p<0.05, Chi-square test). Because of the small number of cases studied, the results need to be substantiated by a larger series. If the gender effect is confirmed, adjustment for fetal sex may be necessary when inhibin-A is used as a screening marker. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
267.
An extremely sensitive assay has been developed for DNA-damaging chemicals using a DNA repair-deficient strain of Escherichia coli. Considerable DNA-damaging activity has been demonstrated by this assay in natural surface-water samples and in diesel-exhaust particulate extracts. 相似文献
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270.
Zequn Liu Xiaomin Yan Mary Drikas Danong Zhou Dongsheng Wang Min Yang Jiuhui Qu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(3):381-387
The contamination of surface and ground water by bentazone has attracted increasing global concern in recent years. We conducted
a detailed investigation using MIEX resin to eliminate bentazone from waters. Batch experiments were carried out to evaluate the e ect
of process parameters, such as retention time, resin amount, and initial pesticide concentration, on removal e ciency of bentazone.
Results showed the sorption process was fast and bentazone could be e ciently removed in 30 minutes. The kinetic process of
bentazone sorption on MIEX resin was well described by pseudo second-order model and intraparticle di usion was the rate controlling
step. The MIEX resin possessed the highest sorption capacity of 0.2656 mmol/mL for bentazone according to Langmuir fitting.
Bentazone is a hydrophobic ionizable organic compound, and both ionic charge and hydrophobic aromatic structure governed the
sorption characteristics on MIEX resin. The di erent removal e ciencies of ionic and non-ionic pesticides, combined with the charge
balance equations of bentazone, SO4
2??, NO3?? and Cl??, indicated that removal of bentazone using MIEX resin occurred primarily via
ion exchange. 相似文献