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871.
Hongcan Cui Ronghua Xu Zhong Yu Yuanyuan Yao Shaoqing Zhang Fangang Meng 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(3):36
872.
生物多样性监测是执行和评估《昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性保护框架》(简称《昆-蒙框架》)长期目标和行动指标所需要的关键数据的主要来源。简要介绍了《昆-蒙框架》下的全球生物多样性观测网络(The global biodiversity observation network,GEO BON)概况、中国已有的生物多样性监测/观测网络,构建全球生物多样性观测系统(A global biodiversity observation system,GBiOS)的目的和核心监测指标,分析了生物多样性监测网络建设的一般步骤和GEO BON建议的4种生物多样性监测新方法。提出,地理空间单元与生物类群的全覆盖监测是建设生物多样性监测网络的主要目标,传统监测方法和新监测技术的互补是当前生物多样性监测的重点工作内容。 相似文献
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Yuan Meng Weiyi Liu Xiaohui Liu Jinlan Zhang Meng Peng Tingting Zhang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(3):260-281
Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) and corresponding transformation products have caused widespread concern due to their persistent emissions and potential toxicity. They have wide octanol-water partition coefficients (Kow) and different ionization constants (pKa) resulting in a poor analysis accuracy and efficiency. A suitable analytical method is the first prerequisite for further research on their environmental behavior to prioritize the substances. This study reviewed a full-scale analytical protocol for environmental samples in the recent ten years: from sampling to instrumental methods. Passive sampling techniques were compared and recommended for long-term continuous and scientific observation. A quick and effective sample extraction and clean-up method are highly required. Chromatographic methods coupled to mass spectrometry for determining PPCPs with a wide range of logKow (?7.53 to 10.80) were summed up. High-resolution mass spectrometry was confirmed to be a promising strategy for screening unknown transformation products, which would provide a nanogram level of detection limits and more accurate mass resolution. Screening strategies and mass change principles were summarized in detail. The recovery rate was important in multiple contaminants analysis identification and factors affecting the recovery rate of PPCPs were also discussed in this review, including sample matrix, target compounds characteristics, extraction method and solid-phase adsorbent. This review provides useful information for the selection of appropriate analytical methods and future development directions. 相似文献
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Xuwang Zhang Zhaojian Song Qidong Tang Minghuo Wu Hao Zhou Lifen Liu Yuanyuan Qu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(3):373-381
Nitrogen-containing organic pollutants (quinoline, pyridine and indole) are widely distributed in coking wastewater, and bioaugmentation with specific microorganisms may enhance the removal of these recalcitrant pollutants. The bioaugmented system (group B) was constructed through inoculation of two aromatics-degrading bacteria, Comamonas sp. Z1 (quinoline degrader) and Acinetobacter sp. JW (indole degrader), into the activated sludge for treatment of quinoline, indole and pyridine, and the non-bioaugmented activated sludge was used as the control (group C). Both groups maintained high efficiencies (> 94%) for removal of nitrogen-containing organic pollutants and chemical oxygen demand (COD) during the long-term operation, and group B was highly effective at the starting period and the operation stage fed with raw wastewater. High-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that nitrogen-containing organic pollutants could shape the microbial community structure, and communities of bioaugmented group B were clearly separated from those of non-bioaugmented group C as observed in non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) plot. Although the inoculants did not remain their dominance in group B, bioaugmentation could induce the formation of effective microbial community, and the indigenous microbes might play the key role in removal of nitrogen-containing organic pollutants, including Dokdonella, Comamonas and Pseudoxanthomonas. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) analysis suggested that bioaugmentation could facilitate the enrichment of functional genes related to xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism, probably leading to the improved performance in group B. This study indicated that bioaugmentation could promote the removal of nitrogen-containing organic pollutants, which should be an effective strategy for wastewater treatment. 相似文献
877.
世界化学工业迅速发展,各种化学品的产量大幅度增加,新化学品不断涌现。人们在充分利用化学品的同时,也产生了大量的化学废物,其中不乏有毒有害物质。由于毫无控制地随意排放及化学品其他途径的泄放,使环境状况日益恶化,如何认识化学品污染的成因及危害,最大限度地降低化学品污染,加强环境保护力度,已是人们亟待解决的重大问题。 相似文献
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微波辐射在二氧化锰诱导下对六氯苯污染土壤的修复研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以二氧化锰为微波吸附剂,在密封体系中研究了微波辐射技术对六氯苯污染土壤的修复效果。分别以不同浓度的酸碱水溶液添加到土壤中,在模拟含水率为20%情况下,硫酸(50%)介质下六氯苯处理效果最好,10min的微波辐射即可使50mg/kg的六氯苯达到完全去除;但是在纯水和10mol/L氢氧化钠介质下,六氯苯基本上没有去除;随着硫酸浓度的降低,六氯苯的去除率显著降低。气相色谱/质谱联用(GC/MS)分析没有检测到新物质。六氯苯去除机理推测为,直接矿化或者HCB及其分解的中间产物同土壤发生化学结合而被固定起来,以致难以萃取出来。 相似文献