A sensitive and reliable quantification method for Bisphenol A based on modified competitive ELISA method

Bisphenol A (BPA), generally known as bisphenols, has been identified as a potential estrogenic substance. BPA must be conjugated to carrier protein and BSA was commonly used. 4,4-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) valeric acid (BHPVA) has a bisphenolic structure and a long carbon chain with a reactive carboxyl group on the end. In this study, BHPVA-BSA was used to produce polyclonal antibody against bisphenolic structure, and a modified competitive ELISA method for quantification of BPA was developed. This system was based on BHPVA-BSA for polyclonal antibody production against bisphenolic structure, and BHPVA-HRP for determination of BPA substituting detection antibody in competitive reaction. Recovery was assessed at 10 different concentrations (2-1000 ng/ml) of BHPVA, and the recovery range was from 96.3% to 107.2%. The variation was from 6.2% to 9.8% for intra assay and from 10.1% to 12.6% for inter assay. The quadratic was used to establish the curve regression. The range was found to be between 2 and 1000 ng/ml. This modified competitive ELISA method has proven to be a very useful tool for quantification of BPA without the unexpected interaction of BSA and anti-BSA polyclonal antibody.     

pH对氢自养型反硝化菌反硝化性能的影响

采用模拟硝酸盐污染地下水(简称模拟水)驯化培养氢自养型反硝化菌,建立了定量分析氢自养型反硝化菌生物量的方法,研究了pH对氢自养型反硝化菌反硝化性能的影响。结果表明,每单位OD600相当于水样中氢自养型反硝化菌的生物量为491.75mg/L。当初始pH在6.7以下或9.2以上时,氢自养型反硝化菌生物活性会受到抑制,而初始pH为7.2、7.7、8.2和8.7时,反硝化进行12h后模拟水中的总氮去除率分别为99.7%、99.6%、96.6%和83.5%。经过12h的反硝化模拟水的pH增加0.1～0.9,硬度降低10.01～48.05mg/L;初始pH为6.7～8.7的模拟水在反硝化进行12h后生物量增加5.68～6.03mg/L,初始pH为7.7的模拟水反硝化速率最高,达0.041mg/h。     

Ag~+-TiO_2/AC复合材料的可见光吸附-光催化协同作用

采用水热法制备活性炭负载银掺杂纳米Ti O2复合材料(Ag+-Ti O2/AC),对样品进行了TEM、XRD、FT-IR和UV-Vis表征,分析了Ag+-Ti O2/AC的微结构、吸收谱特性和掺杂银离子后的半导体带隙变化,并研究了其在可见光下对甲基橙溶液(MO)的降解性能。结果表明,水热法不需要高温处理即可得到高活性的锐钛矿相纳米Ti O2,Ag+掺杂和AC负载均明显提高Ti O2光催化剂的光催化活性,在可见光下光照180 min,0.2 g/L的Ag+-Ti O2/AC对10 mg/L的甲基橙溶液的降解率为73.7%,主要由于存在持续的活性炭局域强吸附-Ti O2光催化降解协同作用,明显提高了甲基橙的降解效率。     

甘肃省自然灾害与综合防御对策

本文讨论了甘肃省主要自然灾害对社会造成的危害，并提出了减轻自然灾害的综合防御对策。     

四边形网格生成的基区拼合法

提出了一种新的四边形有限元网格的生成方法基区拼合法。在基区划分的基础上 ,先进行基区内部的网格生成 ,然后把各个基区缝合起来 ,形成完整的有限元网格。该方法简单且行之有效 ,特别适用于解决轮廓形状不太复杂的二维问题。     

基于1983—2019年文献计量对多环芳烃降解基因研究及进展的剖析

为全面、系统地了解1983—2019年37年间多环芳烃降解基因研究领域的发文趋势、主要的研究国家和机构、研究热点及其变化趋势等,本文以Web of Science核心数据库为数据源,利用文献计量学方法对此进行分析,结果表明：①全球对多环芳烃降解基因研究的重视程度越来越高,而且分子生物学的技术手段在该研究领域中得到了广泛应用,发文主要集中于微生物学、生物技术与应用微生物学、环境科学等3个学科;②美国、中国、日本、德国等国家发文较多,相比其他国家,中国需进一步加强与其他研究机构间的交流合作;③1983—1995年该研究领域侧重于高效降解菌的筛选及其特性研究,1996—2019年则大规模展开了对其降解途径多样性的研究,近年来更侧重于运用多种生物信息技术来研究多环芳烃的代谢机理及构建生物降解调节机制;④目前已报道了nah、phd、nag、phn、nar和nid等6类多环芳烃降解菌的功能基因,为污染场地的生物修复提供了相应支撑.     

Concentration, sources and wet deposition of dissolved nitrogen and organic carbon in the Northern Indo-Gangetic Plain during monsoon

Precipitation represents an important phenomenon for carbon and nitrogen deposition. Here, the concentrations and fluxes of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) with their potential sources were analyzed in wet precipitation during summer monsoon from the Northern Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), important but neglected area. The volume-weighted mean (VWM) concentration of DOC and TDN were 687.04 and 1210.23 µg/L, respectively. Similarly, the VWM concentration of major ions were in a sequence of NH₄⁺ > Ca²⁺ > SO₄^2- > Na⁺ > K⁺ > NO₃^? > Cl^? > Mg²⁺ > F^? > NO₂^?, suggesting NH₄⁺ and Ca²⁺ from agricultural activities and crustal dust played a vital role in precipitation chemistry. Moreover, the wet deposition flux of DOC and TDN were 9.95 and 17.06 kg/(ha?year), respectively. The wet deposition flux of inorganic nitrogen species such as NH₄⁺-N and NO₃^?-N were 14.31 and 0.47 kg/(ha?year), respectively, demonstrating the strong influence of emission sources and precipitation volume. Source attribution from different analysis suggested the influence of biomass burning on DOC and anthropogenic activities (agriculture, animal husbandry) on nitrogenous species. The air-mass back trajectory analysis indicated the influence of air masses originating from the Bay of Bengal, which possibly carried marine and anthropogenic pollutants along with the biomass burning emissions to the sampling site. This study bridges the data gap in the less studied part of the northern IGP region and provides new information for policy makers to deal with pollution control.     

PFOS潜在替代品全氟丁基磺酸钾对不同营养水平水生生物的毒性

全氟丁基磺酸钾(PFBSK)作为全氟辛基磺酸(PFOS)潜在的替代品,极易溶于水,主要存在于水体中,因而其水生毒性的研究十分重要。采用OECD 201、OECD 202、OECD 203和OECD 211标准试验方法,研究了PFBSK对羊角月牙藻(Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata)、大型溞(Daphnia magna)和中国本土鱼种稀有鮈鲫(Gobiocypris rarus)的急性毒性效应以及对大型溞繁殖的影响。组合多终点急慢性水生生物毒性结果：PFBSK的急性毒性终点均大于100 mg·L^-1,大型溞繁殖试验的无观察效应浓度(NOEC)为571 mg·L^-1,最低可观察效应浓度(LOEC)为981 mg·L^-1。按GHS分类导则,PFBSK未表现出急性毒性和慢性毒性。与之相比,PFOS则对水生生物表现出毒性,黑头软口鲦(Pimephales promelas)为最敏感物种,其96 h-LC₅₀为4.7 mg·L^-1;大型溞繁殖试验的NOEC为12 mg·L^-1。按GHS分类导则,属于中等毒性物质。可见,PFBSK较PFOS水生毒性明显降低。     

Wet precipitation chemistry at a high-altitude site (3,326 m a.s.l.) in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau

This paper presents the results of wet precipitation chemistry from September 2009 to August 2010 at a high-altitude forest site in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau (TP). The alkaline wet precipitation, with pH ranging from 6.25 to 9.27, was attributed to the neutralization of dust in the atmosphere. Wet deposition levels of major ions and trace elements were generally comparable with other alpine and remote sites around the world. However, the apparently greater contents/fluxes of trace elements (V, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd), compared to those in central and southern TP and pristine sites of the world, reflected potential anthropogenic disturbances. The almost equal mole concentrations and perfect linear relationships of Na⁺ and Cl^? suggested significant sea-salts sources, and was confirmed by calculating diverse sources. Crust mineral dust was responsible for a minor fraction of the chemical components (less than 15 %) except Al and Fe, while most species (without Na⁺, Cl^?, Mg²⁺, Al, and Fe) arose mainly from anthropogenic activities. High values of as-K⁺ (anthropogenic sources potassium), as-SO₄ ^2?, and as-NO₃ ^? observed in winter and spring demonstrated the great effects of biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion in these seasons, which coincided with haze layer outburst in South Asia. Atmospheric circulation exerted significant influences on the chemical components in wet deposition. Marine air masses mainly originating from the Bay of Bengal provided a large number of sea salts to the chemical composition, while trace elements during summer monsoon seasons were greatly affected by industrial emissions from South Asia. The flux of wet deposition was 1.12 kg?N?ha^?1?year^?1 for NH₄ ⁺–N and 0.29 kg?N?ha^?1?year^?1 for NO₃ ^?–N. The total atmospheric deposition of N was estimated to be 6.41 kg?N?ha^?1?year^?1, implying potential impacts on the alpine ecosystem in this region.     

Self-sustained catalytic combustion of CO enhanced by micro fluidized bed: stability operation,fluidization state and CFD simulation

● Catalytic combustion in fluidized bed realizes efficient heat and mass transfer. ● Catalytic combustion in fluidized bed reduces the lean combustion limits. ● Catalytic combustion and flame combustion can be coupled. ● The diffusion/kinetics limited reaction model is suitable for catalytic combustion. A micro fluidized bed reactor was used to study the self-sustaining catalytic combustion of carbon monoxide (CO). The Cu_1−xCe_xO_y catalyst, as well as the pure CuO and CeO₂, are used to investigate the contributing mechanism of different active sites including dispersed CuO and Cu–Ce solid solutions. The ignition temperature (T_i) of CO over these catalysts at a flow rate of 2000 mL/min followed the order: 74 °C (Cu_0.5Ce_0.5O_y) < 75 °C (Cu_0.25Ce_0.75O_y) < 84 °C (Cu_0.75Ce_0.25O_y) < 105 °C (CuO) < 500 °C (CeO₂). Furthermore, the lean combustion limits (equivalence ratio ϕ) over these catalysts under the flow rates of 750–3000 mL/min (through fixed, bubbling, and fluidized bed) were also measured, which are Cu_0.5Ce_0.5O_y < Cu_0.25Ce_0.75O_y < Cu_0.75Ce_0.25O_y < CuO < CeO₂. The fluidized bed was simulated using the Eulerian two-fluid model (TFM) coupled with a diffusion/kinetic-limited reaction model to evaluate the influence of operation conditions on the self-sustained combustion of CO. The predicted maximum temperature agreed with the experimental measurements, demonstrating the validity of the kinetic model and simulation parameters. The results of catalytic combustion with increasing CO concentrations suggest that the catalytic combustion reaction could co-exist with the flamed combustion. When a high concentration of CO is used, a blue-purple flame caused by CO combustion appears in the upper part of the fluidized bed, indicating that the range of CO-containing exhaust gas purification could be expanded to a larger range using the fluidized-bed catalytic combustion technique.