危险废物处置企业在七工园区一体化配套服务实践

在发展循环经济的大背景下,结合上海化学工业区和园区配套的危险废物处置企业的服务实践,本文从节能、控制物流风险等方面进行分析,说明了危险废物处置作为循环经济体系中不可或缺的环节的必要性和优势。     

中国资源型城市的高质量发展：困境与突破

资源型城市的高质量发展具有重大的战略意义。为清晰认识中国资源型城市转型存在的问题以及高质量发展的路径,邀请来自不同领域的十位专家就当前资源型城市高质量发展的主要困境与突破路径等研究前沿进行访谈,访谈结果表明：中国资源型城市转型取得了巨大成绩,但距离高质量发展的要求仍有较大距离,突出表现在经济发展仍未能摆脱资源依赖的发展路径、推动高质量发展的新要素集聚偏弱和碳减排目标下资源型城市的内、外部均面临着巨大的压力;新时期需要重新认识资源型城市的作用和地位,提升资源型城市保障国家资源能源安全的能力;在深刻把握传统资源禀赋概念内涵基础上实现对新资源体系的再认知,注意挖掘新资源,充实资源型城市研究的新知识体系;要针对不同类型的资源型城市的发展条件,分类施策,因地制宜推动资源型城市的创新发展;要继续提高经济增长的就业弹性,增强经济发展拉动就业的能力,并充分重视就业机会的创造和培育;要加快探索绿色、高效的转型发展道路,同步实现“存量”的绿色化和“增量”的绿色性;要综合考虑资源型城市开发基础和要素资源条件,从传统的“增长和扩张型”转变为“高效增长与精明收缩结合型”发展模式;要整合新数据与新技术方法科学/智...     

Effects of alkali,autoclaving, and Fe+ autoclaving pretreatment on anaerobic digestion performance of coking sludge from the perspective of sludge extracts and methane production

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Pretreatment of activated sludge is an important step in increasing the reaction speed during anaerobic digestion by accelerating the hydrolysis...     

The impact of urbanization and consumption patterns on China’s black carbon emissions based on input–output analysis and structural decomposition analysis

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Urbanization in China has dramatically increased from 39.10 in 2002 to 58.52% in 2017. Studies have discussed the impacts of urbanization and its...     

Air pollution associated with cognitive decline by the mediating effects of sleep cycle disruption and changes in brain structure in adults

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The effects of air pollution on sleep and dementia remain unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of air pollution on...     

植被恢复背景下黄河中游及6个典型流域蒸散发及其组分变化格局

植被变化可通过改变下垫面条件的方式,调节植被蒸腾与土壤蒸发的分配比例,进而影响区域乃至全球水循环过程。自20世纪90年代以来,我国开展了大规模的植被恢复工程,全国植被覆盖度得到了极大提高,其中尤以黄河中游最为显著。以黄河中游6个典型植被恢复流域为研究对象,利用PML_V2模型和水文气象数据,验证了该模型模拟植被快速变化环境下的蒸散性能,并分析了2003—2018年间植被恢复工程背景下,黄河中游蒸散发（ET）及其组分（植被蒸腾Ec,截留蒸发Ei,土壤蒸发Es）的时空变化格局。结果表明：（1）对比流域水量平衡ET与PML模型结果,发现该模型在黄河中游具有较好的适用性（NSE >0.6）。（2）Ec对ET的分布格局起着主导作用,蒸散发及其组分的空间格局由夏季风作用下的植被空间分布所控制。Ec与ET的空间分布格局较为相似,Es与其相反。ET、Ec、Ei均呈显著增加趋势,Es则呈显著减小趋势,尤以流域中下游最为明显。（3）植被恢复背景下,黄河中游典型流域的蒸散发及其组分发生了明显的变化。相较于所在流域,流域中植被恢复区ET、Ec、Es、Ei分别偏高2.20%、5.86%、0.86%、7.44%,速率分别偏高-0.51 mm/a、0.55 mm/a、-1.11 mm/a、0.05 mm/a。     

金昌市PM2.5及PM10短期暴露对成人血压水平的影响

为探索西北地区颗粒物(PM)短期暴露对人群血压(BP)水平的影响,基于金昌队列研究平台,收集甘肃省金昌市2011~2017年颗粒物污染数据及队列人群血压测量数据,在调整相关混杂因素基础上,采用线性混合效应模型分析PM_2.5和PM₁₀短期暴露对收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、平均动脉压(MAP)、脉压(PP)和Mid-BP (SBP和DBP的均值)的影响.结果显示,随着PM_2.5浓度的增加,人群SBP,MAP,PP和Mid-BP均呈上升趋势,该效应值分别在累积滞后05,03,07和05d最大.随着PM₁₀浓度的增加,5种BP指标也均呈上升趋势,效应最大值均出现在累积滞后07d.PM_2.5和PM₁₀对BP产生的影响分别在吸烟和男性人群中更为显著.此外,沙尘天气和气态污染物(SO₂和NO₂)对PM-BP效应存在一定的修饰作用.因此,在该队列人群中,PM_2.5和PM₁₀短期暴露对人群血压具有一定影响,吸烟者和男性人群可能是颗粒物影响血压效应的易感人群.     

膜技术在中国市政污水处理与再生中的应用现状与未来挑战

膜技术在中国水务行业已推广应用多年,在消除水污染、缓解水资源短缺等方面起到重要作用。调研和回顾了膜技术在中国市政污水处理与再生中的工程应用,并重点分析了膜生物反应器的发展历程和特点。技术-经济特性显示,在污染物去除和成本-效益分析方面,膜生物反应器较传统活性污泥法均具有一定优势。此外,总结了膜技术在水务行业推广受到的环境、政策、市场三方面的推动力,并对"双碳"目标下膜技术在高效材料、先进技术、智能运行和低碳系统等方面的后续研发进行了展望。     

Nitrogenous and carbonaceous aerosols in PM2.5 and TSP during pre-monsoon: Characteristics and sources in the highly polluted mountain valley

This study reports for the first time a comprehensive analysis of nitrogenous and carbonaceous aerosols in simultaneously collected PM_2.5 and TSP during pre-monsoon (March–May 2018) from a highly polluted urban Kathmandu Valley (KV) of the Himalayan foothills. The mean mass concentration of PM_2.5 (129.8 µg/m³) was only ~25% of TSP mass (558.7 µg/ m³) indicating the dominance of coarser mode aerosols. However, the mean concentration as well as fractional contributions of water-soluble total nitrogen (WSTN) and carbonaceous species reveal their predominance in find-mode aerosols. The mean mass concentration of WSTN was 17.43±4.70 µg/m³ (14%) in PM_2.5 and 24.64±8.07 µg/m³ (5%) in TSP. Moreover, the fractional contribution of total carbonaceous aerosols (TCA) is much higher in PM_2.5 (~34%) than that in TSP (~20%). The relatively low OC/EC ratio in PM_2.5 (3.03 ± 1.47) and TSP (4.64 ± 1.73) suggests fossil fuel combustion as the major sources of carbonaceous aerosols with contributions from secondary organic aerosols. Five-day air mass back trajectories simulated with the HYSPLIT model, together with MODIS fire counts indicate the influence of local emissions as well as transported pollutants from the Indo-Gangetic Plain region to the south of the Himalayan foothills. Principal component analysis (PCA) also suggests a mixed contribution from other local anthropogenic, biomass burning, and crustal sources. Our results highlight that it is necessary to control local emissions as well as regional transport while designing mitigation measures to reduce the KV's air pollution.