Competitive adsorption characteristics of Co2+, Ni2+, and Cr3+ by IRN-77 cation exchange resin in synthesized wastewater

Adsorption properties of Co2+, Ni2+, and Cr3+ on an Amberlite IRN-77 cation exchange resin were investigated in batch systems. Levels of adsorption rapidly approached an equilibrium state within 1 h. The adsorption characteristics of each metal onto the resin were accurately represented by Langmuir isotherms. Co2+ and Ni2+, which have an equivalent electrovalence, displayed similar levels of adsorption onto the resin when they coexisted in the solution. However, when Cr3+ was added to the solution it competitively replaced Co2+ and Ni2+ ions that had been previously adsorbed onto the resin, resulting in the desorption of these metals into the solution. The result was likely due to a higher adsorption affinity of Cr3+ relative to Co2+ and Ni2+. This implies that interactively competitive adsorption of multi-cations onto the resin should be thoroughly considered when contemplating the efficient operation of an ion exchange process in the treatment of industrial wastewater.     

Effect of cadmium on free amino acid, glutathione and ascorbic acid concentrations in two barley genotypes (Hordeum vulgare L.) differing in cadmium tolerance

Hydroponic experiment was carried out to study the effect of three Cd levels on glutathione (GSH), free amino acids (FAA), and ascorbic acid (ASA) concentration in the different tissues of 2 barley cultivars with different Cd tolerance. Cadmium concentration in both roots and shoots increased with external Cd level, while biomass and ASA concentration declined, and Wumaoliuling, a Cd-sensitive genotype was more affected than ZAU 3, a Cd-tolerant genotype. The effect of Cd on GSH concentration was dose- and time-dependent. In the 5 d exposure, root GSH concentration increased in 0.5 microM Cd treatment compared with control, but decreased significantly in 5 microM Cd treatment, irrespective of genotypes. However, in the 10 d exposure, GSH concentration in all plant tissues decreased with increasing Cd levels in the culture medium, and Wumaoliuling was much more affected than ZAU 3. Cadmium treatment greatly altered FAA concentration and composition in plants. The effect of Cd on glutathione (Glu) concentration in roots varied with genotypes. ZAU 3 showed a steady increase in root Glu concentration in both 0.5 and 5 microM Cd treatments, while Wumaoliuling was decreased by 38.0% in 5 microM Cd treatment, compared with the control. The results indicate that GSH and ASA are attributed to Cd tolerance in barley plants, and the relative less reduction in GSH concentration in ZAU 3 under Cd stress relative to the control may account for its higher Cd tolerance.     

高压脉冲电晕处理发动机尾气中的NO的实验研究

本文通过对高压脉冲电晕放电产生的等离子体活性物质对发动机尾气中的NO进行活化 ,研究其净化率与电压、频率、风速以及初始浓度的关系及其相互之间的影响 ,同时研究NO的产物NO2 随电压、频率、风速以及初始浓度的生成关系 ,实验表明 ,NO的净化率能够达到 5 0 %以上 ,在风速不大的条件下 ,NO转化的主要产物为NO2     

水电开发环境保护的现状及对策

本文结合现行管理体系及相关法律、法规,浅析水电开发与环境保护的一些问题     

岩体声发射技术在金川二矿区的应用

岩体声发射技术是利用岩体变形破坏过程中产生应力波的强弱,来监测岩体的安全状态。针对金川二矿区地压大、岩体破碎的特点,金川公司先后在二矿区１１５０ｍ水平二期快进巷道、８０１采场、１４３８ｍ水平１２＃采场进路等处进行了应用岩体声发射预报矿岩体和充填体安全状态的试验。在对试验过程和监测结果进行分析的基础上,初步建立了金川二矿区矿岩体和充填体安全状态与声发射参数的近似关系,为实现金川二矿区安全管理的定量化进行了有益探索。     

膜生物反应器去除污染物的特性

重点分析了膜生物反应器去除废水中有机物、含氮化合物、磷、病菌等污染物的机理及特性。     

怀4井气汞固体潮观测中的两个关键环节

本文在数字化地下流体化学组分的观测中，认为热水井的脱气和脱气后的气体干燥是两个关键环节。我们在怀4井的气汞观测中，经过多次试验改进较好地解决了这两个环节。2004年以来，观测资料稳定，并清晰地记录到了固体潮形态。     

Uptake of copper ion by activated sludge and its bacterial community variation analyzed by 16S rDNA

The effect and uptake of copper ion on SBR(sequence batch reactor)biological treatment system was studied.special nutrient and powder activated carbon(PAC)additive were tested as uptake stimulation technique.Results showed that copper ion had higher effect on unacclimated activated sludge system than on acelimated one.The special nutrient adding could enhance the uptake of copper significantly,while PAC adding could improve the sludge settling and decrease the turbidity of effluent.The variation of bacterial community analyzed by 16S rDNA method showed the acclimation of copper could increase copper resistance species,and excess accumulation could cause some species diminish.It was confirmed that acclimation could improve the resistance and uptake ability of microorganism to heavy metal.     

蒙德评价法在硫化氢储罐区的应用

采用英国帝国化学公司(ICI)蒙德火灾爆炸毒性指数评价方法分析了硫化氢储罐区的潜在危险性,对储罐区采取安全措施前后的火灾、爆炸、中毒等危险进行预测,从硫化氢储罐区的安全管理和消防措施等方面提出了对策.     

铬天青S分光光度法测定痕量铝的研究

研究了铝-铬天青S（GAS）-溴化十六烷基吡啶（CPB）分光光度法测定水样中痕量铝的最佳实验条件。结果表明：铝-铬天青S（GAS）-溴化十六烷基吡啶（CPB）三元显色体系的最大吸收波长为640nm；．最佳显色时间30min；显色剂铬天青S（GAS）最佳用量2．00mL（0．5g／L）；最佳显色pH5．5。在实验确定的最佳条件下，测定结果有较好的稳定性，较高的准确度。