Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study uses a consumer-based accounting approach to evaluate the CO2 emission factors of 17 countries in Asia and the Pacific region by including... 相似文献
Groundwater pollution of the watershed is mainly influenced by the multifaceted interactions of natural and anthropogenic processes. In this study, classic chemical and multivariate statistical methods were utilized to assess the groundwater quality and ascertain the potential contamination sources affecting the groundwater quality of Galma sub-watershed in a tropical savanna. For this purpose, the data set of 18 groundwater quality variables covering 57 different sampling boreholes (BH) was used. The groundwater samples essentially contained the cations in the following order of dominance: Ca2+ ?>?Na+ ?>?Mg2+ ?>?K+. However, the anions had HCO3–?>?Cl–?>?SO4–2?>?NO3– respectively. The hydrochemical facies classified the groundwater types of the sub-watershed into mixed Ca–Mg–Cl type of water, which means no cations and anions exceeds 50%. The second dominant water type was Ca–Cl. The Mg–HCO3 water type was found in BH 9, and Na–Cl water type in BH 29 of the studied area. The weathering of the basement rocks was responsible for the concentrations of these ions in the groundwater chemistry of the sub-watershed. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) grouped the groundwater samples (boreholes) into five clusters that are statistically significant regarding the similarities of groundwater quality characteristics. The principal component analysis (PCA) extracted two major principal components explained around 65% of the variance and suggested the natural and anthropogenic processes especially the agricultural pollutants including synthetic fertilizers, and leaching of agricultural waste as the main factors affecting the groundwater quality. The integrated method proved to be efficient and robust for groundwater quality evaluation, as it guaranteed the precise assessment of groundwater chemistry in the sub-watershed of the tropical savanna. The findings of this investigation could be useful to the policy makers for developing effective groundwater management plans for the groundwater resources and protection of the sub-watershed.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Benzene is a carcinogenic chemical substance which causes the injuries and damages through producing the free radicals in DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)... 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The coastal zone of Bangladesh, with a population density of 1278 people per square kilometer, is under serious threat due to heavy metal pollution.... 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This current study review provides a brief review of a natural bee product known as propolis and its relevance toward combating SARS-CoV viruses.... 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The drive mode is an important factor that affects the adjustment requirements for emission factors of the conventional simulation methods in... 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The chemical contaminants in dried fish are of great food safety concern and an emerging public health issue in Bangladesh. The aim of this study was... 相似文献
In this study, the wheat gluten film was prepared. Heracleum persicum essence, magnesium oxide nanoparticles and polypyrrole were used to modify the structure of the wheat gluten film. Physicochemical properties of the prepared films such as thickness, solubility, moisture absorption ability, antioxidant properties, and electrical conductivity of the films were investigated. Also, the mechanical, structural and thermal properties of the films were investigated by techniques such as SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA, DTA and tissue analysis. SEM images showed that the essence and polypyrrole strengthened the gluten film structure and made it more resistant to the passage of gases. FTIR spectra confirmed the electrostatic interactions between gluten and essence and polypyrrole. XRD spectra showed the amorphous structure of gluten film and its composites. The results of thermal analysis showed that polypyrrole greatly increased the thermal resistance of the film and the nanoparticles had little effect on the thermal resistance. Thickness, solubility, moisture content and ability to absorb moisture were further affected by the essential oil. The antioxidant and electrical conductivity of the film was greatly increased in the presence of all three additives of essence, magnesium oxide nanoparticles and polypyrrole. The gluten–essence–MgO–PPy (Glu–E–MgO–PPy) composite film had the most antioxidant properties. Glu–E–MgO–PPy film with important electrical conductivity and antioxidant properties has the potential to be used as an active and intelligent film in the packaging of perishable food products.
Cytotoxicity of a diverse set of 227 ionic liquids (taken from UFT/Merck Ionic Liquids Biological Effects Database) containing 94 imidazolium, 53 pyridinium, 23 pyrrolidinium, 22 ammonium, 15 piperidinium, 10 morpholinium, 5 phosphanium, and 5 quinolinium cations in combination with 25 different types of anions to Leukemia Rat Cell Line (IPC-81) was estimated from their structural parameters using quantitative structure - toxicity relationship “QSTR” methodology. Linear and nonlinear models were developed using genetic algorithm (GA), multiple linear regressions (MLR) and multilayer perceptron neural network (MLP NN) approaches. Robustness and reliability of the constructed models were evaluated through internal and external validation methods. Furthermore, chemical applicability domain was determined via leverage approach. In this work, it was revealed that the cationic moieties make the major contribution to cytotoxicity and the anionic parts play a secondary role in cytotoxicity of the ionic liquids studied here. Structural information represented in this work, can be used for a rational design of safer ILs. 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The increasing intensification of the aquaculture industry requires the development of new strategies to reduce the negative impacts of wastewater on... 相似文献