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排序方式: 共有213条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Regional Environmental Change - Land degradation in many Pacific Island Countries (PICs) has become an emerging concern in recent years. The causes of land degradation in PICs include:... 相似文献
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Jennifer R. Ovenden Jess A. T. Morgan Raewyn Street Andrew Tobin Colin Simpfendorfer William Macbeth David Welch 《Marine Biology》2011,158(7):1497-1509
Biodiversity of sharks in the tropical Indo-Pacific is high, but species-specific information to assist sustainable resource
exploitation is scarce. The null hypothesis of population genetic homogeneity was tested for scalloped hammerhead shark (Sphyrna lewini, n = 237) and the milk shark (Rhizoprionodon acutus, n = 207) from northern and eastern Australia, using nuclear (S. lewini, eight microsatellite loci; R. acutus, six loci) and mitochondrial gene markers (873 base pairs of NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4). We were unable to reject genetic
homogeneity for S. lewini, which was as expected based on previous studies of this species. Less expected were similar results for R. acutus, which is more benthic and less vagile than S. lewini. These features are probably driving the genetic break found between Australian and central Indonesian R. acutus (F-statistics; mtDNA, 0.751–0.903, respectively; microsatellite loci, 0.038–0.047 respectively). Our results support the spatially
homogeneous monitoring and management plan for shark species in Queensland, Australia. 相似文献
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Lauren J. OliverByron J.T. Morgan Sarah M. DurantNathalie Pettorelli 《Ecological modelling》2011,222(3):776-784
Accurate estimates of demographic parameters are key for understanding and predicting population dynamics and for providing insights for effective wildlife management. Up until recently, no suitable methodology has been available to estimate survival probabilities of species with asynchronous reproduction and a high level of individual variation in capture probabilities. The present work develops a capture-mark-recapture model for cheetahs in the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania, which (a) deals with continuous reproduction, (b) takes into account the high level of individual heterogeneity in capture probabilities and (c) is spatially explicit. Results show that (1) our approach, which is an extensive modification of the Cormack-Jolly-Seber model, provides a lower female adult survival estimate and a higher male adolescent survival estimate than previous approaches to estimate cheetah survival in the area, (2) using sighting location alone is not sufficient to capture the individual variation in resighting probabilities for both sexes, and (3) precision in estimated survival probabilities is generally increased. Species which are individually recognizable, wide-ranging and/or where individuals differ substantially in sightability are particularly appropriate to our modelling approach, and our methodology would thus be appropriate for a wide number of species to provide more accurate estimates of survival. 相似文献
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Gnathiid isopods were collected from Heron and Lizard Islands, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. The presence of three species
was inferred using ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequences from both adult and juvenile stages. Having
matched DNA sequences from all stages of one of the species' life cycles, we can now identify those individuals based purely
on their morphology. The level of variation between species ranged from 38.5 to 43% compared to within-species variation levels
of <1%.
Received: 30 June 1999 / Accepted: 3 December 1999 相似文献