Environmental hazard profile of organic chemicals: An experimental method for the assessment of the behaviour of organic chemicals in the ecosphere by means of simple laboratory tests with 14C labelled chemicals

The concept of “Environmental Hazard Profile” developed at this institute has been tested with 100 ¹⁴C-labelled organic compounds. Concentration factors in activated sludge, in algae and fish were determined. The microbial degradation of the chemicals to CO₂ in activated sludge and the decomposition to CO₂ under artificial light were determined. Ranking of compounds is given in the order of falling concentration factors and accumulation in rats respectively, and decreasing rates of decomposition. Relationship between chemical structure and accumulative and degradative behaviours is demonstrated using some selected groups of chemicals, such as benzenes, phenols, biphenyls and polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Correlations between the octanol/water partition coefficient, concentration factors and rates of decomposition could be established. Evaluation of test compounds was possible using hazard profiles obtained by the sum of single test results.     

Measurement of bioactivity based on CO2-release and ATP content in soils after different treatments

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content and carbon dioxide (CO₂) production in soil vary considerably, depending on soil type, water content, light, stirring of soil, storage conditions, date of sampling, and chemicals added. In most soils, the biomass calculated on the basis of ATP-content was in line with that calculated on the basis of CO₂-production.