氟化钠和氟乙酰胺对培养赤麂细胞姐妹染色单体互换和染色体畸变的影响

本文采用培养的赤麂细胞对氟化钠和氟乙酰胺进行致突变效应的研究.观察指标是染色体畸变率(％),姐妹染色单体交换率(SCEs)和细胞周期动力学变化.实验结果证明,氟化钠和氟乙酰胺在培养的赤麂细胞上都能引起染色体畸变率增高,促使SCEs增加和延迟细胞周期.因此,本工作实验结果支持了部份文献中氟化物是一种致突变物的结论.     

电选法回收利用废印刷线路板

废印刷线路板含有多种有价值的物质，随意丢弃或处理处置方法不当既污染环境，又造成资源流失。采用剪切式破碎和电力分选技术对废印刷线路板的机械分离进行了研究。结果表明，电选法可以实现废印刷线路板中金属和玻璃纤维、树脂的分离；在实验的粒径范围内（-14＋20目到-120＋200目分为5个粒径级别），金属主要集中在-20＋120目粒级范围内，且该粒级范围分选效果最好。     

Decomposition of simulated odors in municipal wastewater treatment plants by a wire-plate pulse corona reactor

Decomposition of simulated odors in municipal wastewater treatment plants was investigated experimentally by a wire-plate pulse corona reactor. A new type of high pulse voltage source with a thyratron switch and a Blumlein pulse forming network (BPFN) was adopted in our experiments, and the testing malodorants were ammonia, ethanethiol and tri-methyl amine, respectively. The maximum output power of the pulse voltage source and the maximum peak voltage were 1 kW and 100 kV. The experiments were conducted at the gas-flow rate of 4.0-23.0 m3 h(-1). Important parameters, including peak voltage, pulse frequency, capacitance (inductance) of the BPFN, gas-flow rate, initial concentration, which influenced on the removal efficiency, were investigated. The results show that the odors can be treated effectively. Almost 100% removal efficiency was obtained for 32 mg m(-3) ammonia at the gas-flow rate of 4.0 m(3) h(-1). The maximum removal efficiencies of 85 mg m(-3) ethanethiol and 750 mg m(-3) tri-methyl amine at 10.0 m(3) h(-1) were 98% and 91%, respectively. The energy yield of 110 mg m(-3) ammonia was 2.99 g kWh(-1) when specific energy density was 106 Jl(-1). In the cases of ammonia, ethanethiol and tri-methyl amine removal, ozone and nitrogen oxides were observed in the exit gas. The carbon and sulfur elements of ethanethiol and tri-methyl amine were mainly converted to carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide. Moreover, the ammonium nitrates and sulfur were discovered in the reactor.     

“老龄期”填埋场渗滤液COD蒸发规律研究

“老龄期”填埋场渗滤液由于可生化性差而难于处理。采用常规蒸发、减压蒸发和载气蒸发处理不同pH值的“老龄期”渗滤液。实验结果表明，3种蒸发方式下，冷凝液CODF降过程中均存在明显的浓度转折点，转折点之后COD维持较低水平，为“老龄期”渗滤液的“三分处理法”提供理论依据。与常规蒸发相比，减压蒸发和载气蒸发的前期冷凝液COD较高，且浓度转折点偏后。     

我国危险废物管理现状及发展趋势

本文介绍了我国危险废物产生量、分布特点、管理现状及发展趋势 ,分析了我国地方及云南省危险废物管理中存在的问题 ,提出了解决问题的对策和建议。     

PVC废物及其处理技术

PVC广泛应用于工业和日常生活中 ,PVC废物的产生量将会在将来一段时间内持续增长 ,对PVC废物处理处置问题研究成为固体废物处理处置的一个方向。目前 ,PVC废物还缺乏系统、完善的管理手段和处理技术。本文在分析PVC废物特点其环境潜在危害特性的基础上 ,比较分析各种PVC废物处理技术的优势和存在的问题 ,及国内外在PVC废物处理处置方面的具体实践 ,以期探讨PVC废物的处理对策并提出今后PVC废物处理的发展趋势和研究方向     

不同桩芯微型桩抗弯承载力试验研究∗

为研究不同桩芯微型桩在隧道洞口不良地质边坡中的治理效果,拟对钢筋-混凝土、工字钢-混凝土、钢管-钢筋-混凝土、钢管-工字钢-混凝土微型桩开展抗弯极限承载力试验。研究表明,工字钢-混凝土微型桩相比钢筋-混凝土微型桩极限抗弯承载力不仅大幅度提升,其抵抗位移变形的能力也有所增加。钢筋-混凝土微型桩和工字钢-混凝土微型桩桩径由140 mm变化到203 mm,韧性分别提高25%、50%,抗弯承载力分别提高89%、91%。钢管微型桩的韧度、极限抗弯承载力都明显强于裸露混凝土桩,即使变形已非常显著,仍能继续受力。钢管-钢筋-混凝土微型桩、钢管-工字钢-混凝土微型桩桩径由140 mm变化到203 mm,抗弯承载力分别提高近256%、265%。     

废锌锰电池真空蒸馏法去除汞的研究

废锌锰电池回收利用中的一个关键问题是实现汞的无害化。介绍了使用真空蒸馏装置，通过单因素实验和正交实验，研究蒸馏温度、系统压强和蒸馏时间对去除汞的综合影响；寻找去除汞的最优工艺条件。根据实验结果，使用真空蒸馏的方法处理锌锰电池优化的工艺参数为：蒸馏温度500～600℃，蒸馏时间60～80min，系统压强3000～7000Pa。     

炼油废水处理设施的工艺改进

针对炼油废水处理设施运行过程中存在的问题 ,采取了相应的改进措施 :在气浮池中 ,取消多孔集水管 ,增设导水集泥斜板 ,将隔墙斜置 ,改顺水流刮渣为逆水流刮渣 ;在曝气沉淀池中 ,改池底中央进水为沿回流缝多点进水 ,改周边集水槽出水为径向集水槽出水 ;将活性炭回转再生炉改造为立式移动床。运行表明 ,改造取得了满意的效果。并从设计、运行控制参数的改进以及流体力学的基础理论等方面进行了论述     

Identification of two alkane hydroxylases involved in long-chain n-alkane degradation by Dietzia sp. DQ12-45-1b北大核心CSCD

The aim of this study was to identify genes involved in long-chain alkane degradation in Dietzia sp. DQ12-45-1b. Functional genes were annotated by genome analysis. Induction of alkane hydroxylase genes by C28 n-alkane was analyzed by using quantitative real-time PCR in wild-type Dietzia sp. DQ12-45-1b and its alkW1 gene knockout mutant strain M 5-5. From the genome of Dietzia sp. DQ12-45-1b, two homologues, G1 and G2 genes were annotated, which showed 50% amino acid sequence similarity with AlmA from Acinetobacter sp. DSM17874, and 48% amino acid sequence similarity with LadA from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans NG80-2, respectively. In addition, G1 showed 71% amino acid sequence similarity with G1a, and G2 showed 34% and 87% amino acid sequence similarities with G2a and G2ß, respectively, which were annotated from Dietzia sp. E1 genome. In addition, the alkW1 gene knockout strain M 5-5 could grow with C28 n-alkane as the sole carbon source, indicating the presence of potential long-chain alkane hydroxylase gene(s) other than alkW1 in Diezia sp. DQ12-45-1b. Accordingly, induction of G1 and G2 genes was observed when Dietzia ap. DQ12-45-1b and alkW1 knockout mutant strain M 5-5 grew with C28 n-alkane as sole carbon source. The results indicated that G1 and G2 genes are mostly responsible for the degradation of long-chain alkanes in Dietzia sp. DQ12-45-1b, which has unique multiple alkane hydroxylase systems.