Application of magnetic separation to steelmaking slags for reclamation

Integrated iron and steel plants generate large amounts of metallurgical slag, which usually contains some quantity of metals or mixtures of oxides that could be treated to be recycled in various applications. The conventional method for disposal of slags is dumping. However, it is possible to process the slags to be used in the production of metallic iron, or as an additive in cement making. In this study, a basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelwork slag obtained from the Kardemir integrated iron and steel works, Karabuk, Turkey is used. A drum magnetic separator system with pre-engineered crucial processing parameters of drum revolution speed, drum radius, drum flesh thickness, and magnitude of the magnetic field applied is utilized, as these parameters have a competing influence on the results. Subsequently, the effects of slag grain size and the drum-blade gap are investigated in the separation efficiency of magnetic grains. It is found that collection of magnetic grains is improved by decreasing the grain size of slags and moreover, the collection of magnetic grains fraction is increased with an increase in the gap between the blades and drum.     

Effect of pine mistletoe on radial growth of Crimean pine (Pinus nigra) in Turkey

In this study, the influence of infection by pine mistletoe (Viscum album L. subsp. austriacum (Wiesb.) Volmann) on the radial growth of crimean pine (Pinus nigra Amold) in Turkey was investigated. We built local residual tree-ring-width chronologies using dendrochronogical techniques. Tree ring chronologies of uninfected (control) crimean pine were used to estimate potential radial growth characteristics in the "infected" crimean pine (light, moderate and severe infection groups). In 2005, increment cores were collected from 26 infected and 19 control dominant or co-dominant trees and annual radial growth indices from 1930-2005 were calculated for each infection group in a 14 point sampling. We compared radial growth in the uninfected trees with mean regional chronology. We found a strong decrease in radial growth in during the 1998-2005 period. The periodic average radial growth reduction (in %) from 1998 to 2005, respectively, were 0 for control, 26 for light, 39 for moderate and 63 for severe infection groups. It can be especially concluded that a severe degree of pine mistletoe attack has a negative effect on radial growth of the infected crimean pine trees.     

The role of information communication technologies on carbon emissions in OECD countries: new evidence from method of moments quantile approach

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This paper aims to investigate the effects of information and communication technologies (ICT) on carbon emissions (CO2) in the OECD area. For this...