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11.
Piotr Matyjasiak 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2013,67(1):91-100
Timing of arrival at the breeding grounds by migratory birds affects their mating success and access to superior resources, thus being a major factor associated with fitness. Much empirical work has been devoted to investigate the condition dependence of arrival sequence of migrants and characteristics of individuals that influence arrival time from migration. Surprisingly, there are no studies examining the relationship between flight performance of individual birds and their arrival time. I investigated the relative importance of direct effects of short-term flight performance, age, body condition and the degree of sexual ornamentation (tail length) on timing of spring arrival in the barn swallow (Hirundo rustica), a long-distance trans-equatorial passerine migrant. I evaluated short-term flight performance (a composite variable comprising flight manoeuvrability, velocity and acceleration) in a standardised manner using flight tunnels. Short-term flight performance was a significant and important predictor of spring arrival date. Furthermore, locomotion predicted arrival date of individual birds independently of morphological variables—the degree of sexual ornamentation (the length of the tail) and wing aspect ratio and body condition. I discuss the possible role short-term flight performance may have in determining migratory performance. This is the first time flight performance has been shown to be associated with timing of arrival from migration in a migratory bird. 相似文献
12.
Janusz Kloskowski Marek Nieoczym Marcin Polak Piotr Pitucha 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2010,97(7):673-682
Fish may significantly affect habitat use by birds, either as their prey or as competitors. Fish communities are often distinctly
size-structured, but the consequences for waterbird assemblages remain poorly understood. We examined the effects of size
structure of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) cohorts together with other biotic and abiotic pond characteristics on the distribution of breeding waterbirds in a seminatural
system of monocultured ponds, where three fish age classes were separately stocked. Fish age corresponded to a distinct fish
size gradient. Fish age and total biomass, macroinvertebrate and amphibian abundance, and emergent vegetation best explained
the differences in bird density between ponds. Abundance of animal prey other than fish (aquatic macroinvertebrates and larval
amphibians) decreased with increasing carp age in the ponds. Densities of ducks and smaller grebes were strongly negatively
associated with fish age/size gradient. The largest of the grebes, the piscivorous great crested grebe (Podiceps cristatus), was the only species that preferred ponds with medium-sized fish and was positively associated with total fish biomass.
Habitat selection by bitterns and most rallids was instead strongly influenced by the relative amount of emergent vegetation
cover in the ponds. Our results show that fish size structure may be an important cue for breeding habitat choice and a factor
affording an opportunity for niche diversification in avian communities. 相似文献
13.
Nowakowski Piotr Wala Mariusz 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(4):8809-8821
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Refuse-derived fuel (RDF) can be produced from combustible materials contained in municipal waste. This article investigates energy and material flow... 相似文献
14.
Stepnowski Piotr Blotevogel Karl-Heinz Jastorff Bernd 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2002,9(1):34-38
In this paper, we present applied methanol recycling technology utilising Chromatographic applications, which has been designed for an academic-size institution. The procedure is combined out of proper recovery technique and the biodegradation method intended for postprocessing residues. Additionally, analytical methods controlling the quality of the process are described in detail in order to enable full transfer of the proposed methodology to the analogous institution. The recovered solvent is of relatively high purity (> 99.92%), containing traces of water and volatile compounds. The spectral purity is sufficient to employ recycled methanol in HPLC applications where low wayelength detection is necessary. Biodegradation of distillation first-cuts and still bottoms is implemented using isolated strains ofMethylobacterium organophilum. During the biodegradation process, a series of carotenoids are biosynthesized, which are of a high commercial value. The proposed application, therefore, offers not only a sustainable, waste-free solution in handling methanol waste, but can also serve as a potential source of value. 相似文献
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Darryn McEvoy Piotr Matczak Ilona Banaszak Adam Chorynski 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2010,15(7):779-795
Whilst mitigation has dominated policy and research agendas in recent years there is an increasing recognition that communities
also need to be preparing for change that is unavoidable, partially a consequence of anthropogenic greenhouse gases already
emitted to the atmosphere. The perceived need for adaptation has also received additional impetus through the high public
profile now given to the impacts of current day weather variability, particularly the significant economic and social costs
associated with recent extreme events. However, being a relatively new focus for both research and policy communities; practical
evidence of the extent, feasibility, efficiency, and cost effectiveness of potential adaptation options remains largely lacking.
In response, this paper seeks to make a contribution to this embryonic but evolving knowledge base by considering the theoretical
underpinnings of adaptation and ultimately how this translates into practice ‘in the real world’. The analytical commentary,
based on a bottom-up approach involving iterative engagement with key stakeholders and experts, reflects on the identification
of measures that are either innovative or examples of good practice in reducing or transferring climate risks, as well as
considering those ‘enabling’ institutional structures and processes that act to support implementation on the ground. The
paper concludes by synthesising the key findings to date in order to highlight some of the opportunities for, and barriers
to, adaptation activity. 相似文献
18.
Jarnicka Jolanta Żebrowski Piotr 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2019,24(6):1143-1168
Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change - This paper addresses the problem of learning in greenhouse gas (GHG) emission inventories understood as reductions in uncertainty, i.e.,... 相似文献
19.
Christopher?H.?SchillingEmail author Piotr?Tomasik David?S.?Karpovich Bruce?Hart Jagdeep?Garcha Paul?T.?Boettcher 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2005,13(3):203-211
Corn distillers’ dry grain, corncob powder, hardwood powder, and sugar beet pulp were separately anionized by oxidation with sodium hypochlorite in aqueous solution. Solid reaction products instantly precipitated upon admixing each of the above-oxidized materials with soy protein isolate. Infrared spectra and differential scanning calorimetry supported the hypothesis that soy protein isolate complexed with all of the above-oxidized polysaccharides. Reaction products with either oxidized corn distillers’ dry grain or oxidized sugar beet pulp provided hard, brittle pellets with tensile strengths as high as 9.5 MPa, suggesting that these materials could be viable as biodegradable plastics. 相似文献
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