排序方式: 共有38条查询结果,搜索用时 203 毫秒
11.
Masto RE Chhonkar PK Singh D Patra AK 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,136(1-3):419-435
Soil quality assessment provides a tool for evaluating the sustainability of alternative soil management practices. Our objective
was to develop the most sensitive soil quality index for evaluating fertilizer, farm yard manure (FYM), and crop management
practices on a semiarid Inceptisol in India. Soil indicators and crop yield data from a long-term (31 years) fertilizer, manure,
and crop rotation (maize, wheat, cowpea, pearl millet) study at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) near New
Delhi were used. Plots receiving optimum NPK, super optimum NPK and optimum NPK + FYM had better values for all the parameters
analyzed. Biological, chemical, and physical soil quality indicator data were transformed into scores (0 to 1) using both
linear and non-linear scoring functions, and combined into soil quality indices using unscreened transformations, regression
equation, or principal component analysis (PCA). Long-term application of optimum inorganic fertilizers (NPK) resulted in
higher soil quality ratings for all methods, although the highest values were obtained for treatment, which included FYM.
Correlations between wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield and the various soil quality indices showed the best relationship (highest r) between yield and a PCA-derived SQI.
Differences in SQI values suggest that the control (no NPK, no manure) and N only treatments were degrading, while soils receiving
animal manure (FYM) or super optimum NPK fertilizer had the best soil quality, respectively. Lower ratings associated with
the N only and NP treatments suggest that one of the most common soil management practices in India may not be sustainable.
A framework for soil quality assessment is proposed. 相似文献
12.
Pramod Chandra 《Natural resources forum》2020,44(3):274-285
The medicinal and aromatic plants resources of Uttarakhand, India offer significant opportunities of employment and livelihood for rural communities and contribute a large share in the medicinal and aromatic plants trade of India. With the growing trade of medicinal and aromatic plants resources in the global market, the medicinal and aromatic plants business of Uttarakhand is also continuously growing in terms of trade volume, value and market reach. But, considering the ecological importance as well as unregulated exploitations of these resources, the growing business activities in this sector appear incompatible to the sustainability agenda. Through a mini review, this study assesses the medicinal and aromatic plants sector of Uttarakhand and identifies key challenges that seem incompatible for resource and business sustainability and offers some prospective research directions essential for identifying pragmatic solutions to support sustainability in the sector. This review identifies nine key challenges to sustainability in Uttarakhandʼs medicinal and aromatic plants sector. It is therefore pertinent that future research focus on the prevailing challenges of the medicinal and aromatic plants sector of Uttarakhand to develop strategies for sustainable business prospects. 相似文献
13.
Pramod K. Pandey Michelle L. Soupir Charles D. Ikenberry Chris R. Rehmann 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2016,52(1):184-197
A sub‐model for the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is developed to predict Escherichia coli levels in the streambed sediment as well as in the water column. New formulations to estimate the levels of E. coli in streambed sediment and the water column are derived. These equations include calculations of E. coli resuspension from the streambed sediment to the water column, E. coli deposition from the water column to the streambed sediment, E. coli growth in the streambed sediment and the water column, and instream E. coli routing. These formulations were programmed in FORTRAN and integrated into SWAT. The modified SWAT model was applied to Squaw Creek Watershed, Iowa, to predict E. coli levels in the stream. Escherichia coli concentrations in the streambed sediment and the water column were monitored extensively in this watershed, and observations were used to verify the model predictions. The model proposed here can predict E. coli concentrations in streambed sediment as well as in the water column. Approximately 58% of the predictions of E. coli levels in the bed sediment were within 1 order of magnitude from the observed value, and in the water column 83% of the predictions of E. coli levels were within 1 order of magnitude. Results suggest that the proposed model will help predictions of instream bacterial contamination. 相似文献
14.
Tourism and wetland conservation: application of travel cost and willingness to pay an entry fee at Ghodaghodi Lake Complex,Nepal
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Natural resources forum》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Pramod Lamsal Kishor Atreya Krishna Prasad Pant Lalit Kumar 《Natural resources forum》2016,40(1-2):51-61
This study investigated the need and applicability of wetland tourism for resource conservation, using the case of Ghodaghodi Lake Complex, a Ramsar Site in western Nepal. The travel cost method (TCM) was used to determine the recreation potential of the lake complex, while the contingent valuation method (CVM) was used to calculate willingness of visitors to pay an entry fee as a payment vehicle for conservation. The per capita travel cost was found to be NPR 540 (US $7.71), while the mean willingness to pay an entry fee was NPR 34 (US $0.48) per visitor per entry. In addition, factors affecting wetland visitation rates and maximum willingness to pay were identified. Policy implications include the establishment of an entry fee system to offset conservation budgetary constraints, government investment in social benefits equating to at least per capita travel cost identified, and public‐private partnerships, with community participation in tourism promotion and wetland conservation. 相似文献
15.
PL. RM. Palaniappan K. S. Pramod V. Vijayasundaram 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2009,7(4):313-319
Heavy metal discharges to aquatic environment are of great concern due to their toxicity and accumulative behavior. Zinc is
an essential trace element required for different physiological functions and plays important role in cellular metabolism.
However, it becomes toxic when elevated concentrations are introduced into the environment. The aim of this work is to analyze
zinc induced biochemical changes in the brain tissues of Labeo rohita fingerlings using Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy. Several important features have been observed in the zinc
intoxicated brain tissues, namely, altered membrane lipid, altered protein profile and decreased glycogen content, indicating
an alteration in the lipid and protein profiles leading to modification in membrane composition. Further, it is observed that
the acute exposure to zinc causes some alteration in protein profile with a decrease in α-helix and an increase in random
coil structures. 相似文献
16.
Environment, Development and Sustainability - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. It was first identified in... 相似文献
17.
Ibrahim Hafeezur Rehman Abhishek Kar Rob Raven Dilip Singh Jitendra Tiwari Rakesh Jha Pramod Kumar Sinha Asim Mirza 《Environmental Science & Policy》2010,13(4):303-311
In most developing countries, at the household level, traditional burning of biomass or use of inefficient technologies for domestic applications like lighting is common, triggering concerns related to fuel or technology switching. The paper focuses on opportunities to promote cleaner energy options through development of value chains delivering improved energy efficiency and access in developing countries. We discuss the example of Uttam Urja, a field project involving the dissemination of photovoltaic lighting technologies in rural areas of India. We focus on the challenges of introducing radical innovations into the residential energy sector in developing countries. For the purpose of this paper the Uttam Urja project is conceptualized as an ‘experiment’ and analysed using the Strategic Niche Management (SNM) framework. The paper emphasizes that to effect socio-technical transitions to clean energy options on the ground, it is desirable to focus on technology customization and innovative financing to cater to the needs and concerns of end users. 相似文献
18.
Climate change will impact the dynamics of invasive alien plant species (IAPS). However, the ability of IAPS under changing climate to invade mountain ecosystems, particularly the Himalayan region, is less known. This study investigates the current and future habitat of five IAPS of the Himalayan region using MaxEnt and two representative concentration pathways (RCPs). Two invasive species, Ageratum conyzoides and Parthenium hysterophorus, will lose overall suitable area by 2070, while Ageratina adenophora, Chromolaena odorata and Lantana camara will gain suitable areas and all of them will retain most of the current habitat as stable. The southern Himalayan foothills will mostly conserve species ecological niches, while suitability of all the five species will decrease with increasing elevation. Such invasion dynamics in the Himalayan region could have impacts on numerous ecosystems and their biota, ecosystem services and human well-being. Trans-boundary response strategies suitable to the local context of the region could buffer some of the likely invasion impacts. 相似文献
19.
Chaudhari PR Gupta R Gajghate DG Wate SR 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(4):2487-2496
Heavy metals released from different sources in urban environment get adsorbed on respirable particulate matter less than
10 μm in size (PM10) and are important from public health point of view causing morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the ambient air quality monitoring
was carried out to study the temporal and special pattern in the distribution of PM10 and associated heavy metal content in the atmosphere of Nagpur, Maharashtra State, India during 2001 as well as in 2006.
PM10 fraction was observed to exceed the stipulated standards in both years. It was also observed that minimum range of PM10 was observed to be increased in 2006 indicating increase in human activity during nighttime also. Six heavy metals were analyzed
and were observed to occur in the order Zn > Fe > Pb > Ni > Cd > Cr in 2006, similar to the trend in other metro cities in
India. Lead and Nickel were observed to be within the stipulated standards. Poor correlation coefficient (R
2) between lead and PM10 indicated that automobile exhaust is not the source of metals to air pollution. Commercial and industrial activity as well
as geological composition may be the potential sources of heavy metal pollution. Total load of heavy metals was found to
be increased in 2006 with prominent increase in zinc, lead, and nickel in the environment. Public health impacts of heavy
metals as well as certain preventive measures to mitigate the impact of heavy metals on public health are also summarized. 相似文献
20.
Efficiency assessment of Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) treating tannery effluents 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Pramod W. Ramteke S. Awasthi T. Srinath Babu Joseph 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,169(1-4):125-131
The efficacy of Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) based on activated sludge process employed for treatment of tannery effluent was analyzed for the efficiency to reduce chromium and other contaminants. Physico-chemical parameters of treated effluent were found within permissible levels of statutory limits. A significant reduction in COD and BOD levels were achieved during the course of treatment in CETP. A reduction of 98.46%, 87.5%, and 96.15% in bacterial counts especially in pathogens like Escherichia coli, Vibrio spp., and Pseudomonas spp. were observed after treatment. Pathogens were not detected in the dried sludge. Complete elimination of fecal streptococci was observed in treated effluent. Around 10.8% of microbial isolates from the effluent showed ability to reduce chromate >90%. In treated effluent chromium level was 5.48 mg/L, which exceeds the statutory limit of Indian standards. Cleaner production options to reduce chromium levels before discharging into water bodies is discussed. 相似文献