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221.
Leaf surface structure alterations due to particulate pollution in some common plants 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The plant foliar surface is the most important receptor of atmospheric pollutants. It undergoes several structural and functional
changes when particulate-laden air strikes it. In the present investigation, ten annual plant species viz., Abelmoschus esculentus, Celosia cristata, Coleus blumei, Cyamopsis tetragonolobus, Gomphrena globosa, Impatiens balsamina, Ocimum sanctum, Phaseolus vulgaris, Solanum melongena, and Zinnia elegans were studied for their growth parameters and leaf morphological features. They were subjected to dust experimentally for
60 days. The micro-morphological traits like wax, cuticle, epidermis, stomata, and trichomes were observed under light and
scanning electron microscopes. Remarkable differences in the growth parameters and micro-morphological features were recorded
in the dust-treated plants when compared to the respective controls. The reduction in growth parameters, the size of epidermal
cells, and stomata were reduced and cuticle damage was also observed. The relative proportion of fine particles, which play
a major role in hampering the overall growth of a plant, was higher in comparison to ultra-fine and coarse particles. 相似文献
222.
Srivastava AK Singh S Tiwari S Bisht DS 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(4):1144-1158
Introduction
The present work is aimed to understand direct radiation effects due to aerosols over Delhi in the Indo-Gangetic Basin (IGB) region, using detailed chemical analysis of surface measured aerosols during the year 2007. 相似文献223.
Srivastava SK Rai V Srivastava M Rawat AK Mehrotra S 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2006,116(1-3):315-320
Popularity of herbal drugs is increasing all over the world because of lesser side effects as compared to synthetic drugs.
Besides, it costs less and easily available to poor people particularly in developing countries. But quality assurance of
herbal drugs is very necessary prior to its use. Because in today's polluted environment, even herbal drugs are not safe.
Berberis spp. is very important medicinal plant, having various medicinal properties. It is also included in Indian and British pharmacopoeias.
Its demand is quite high in herbal drug market. So, to check the quality of market samples of this drug, ten different samples
were procured from different drug markets of India for heavy metal estimation. Besides, genuine samples of four species of
Berberis viz. B. aristata, B. chitria, B. lycium, B. asiatica were also collected from natural habitats to compare heavy metal concentration in both market and genuine samples. It was found that market samples were much more contaminated than genuine samples. Lead (Pb) concentration is far beyond
from WHO permissible limit (10 ppm) for herbal drugs, reaching to maximum 49.75 ppm in Amritsar market sample. Likewise, concentration
of all other metals like Cd, Cr and Ni were also very high in market samples as compared to genuine samples. 相似文献
224.
The ability of free and polysulphone immobilized biomass of Arthrobacter sp. to remove Cu2+ ions from aqueous solution was studied in batch and continuous systems. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to the data. The Langmuir isotherm model was found to fit the sorption data indicating that sorption was monolayer and uptake capacity (Qo) was 175.87 and 158.7 mg/g for free and immobilized biomass respectively at pH 5.0 and 30 °C temperature, which was also confirmed by a high correlation coefficient, a low RMSE and a low Chi-square value. A kinetic study was carried out with pseudo-first-order reaction and pseudo-second-order reaction equations and it was found that the Cu2+ uptake process followed the pseudo-second-order rate expression. The diffusivity of Cu2+ on immobilized beads increased (0.402 × 10−4 to 0.435 × 10−4 cm2/s) with increasing concentration from 50 to 150 mg/L. The maximum percentage Cu2+ removal (89.56%) and uptake (32.64 mg/g) were found at 3.5 mL/min and 20 cm bed height. In addition to this the Bed Depth Service Time (BDST) model was in good agreement with the experimental data with a high correlation coefficient (>0.995). Furthermore, sorption and desorption studies were also carried out which showed that polysulphone immobilized biomass could be reused for up to six sorption–desorption cycles. 相似文献
225.
Gupta DK Tripathi RD Rai UN Mishra S Srivastava S Dwivedi S Maathuis FJ 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2007,134(1-3):479-487
Growth and metal accumulation were investigated in two Cicer arietinum L. varieties (var. CSG-8962 and var. C-235) when grown in various combinations of fly ash (FA) amended with garden soil (GS),
press mud (PM) or saw dust (SD). In addition, the levels of photosynthetic pigments, nitrate reductase (NR) activity, cysteine,
non-protein thiols (NP-SH), and ascorbic acid were studied. FA amended with GS or PM led to a 5–10 times increase in biomass
compared to FA control and was most pronounced in the less metal tolerant variety CSG-8962. Amendment of FA with either GS
or PM only moderately increased the contents of some essential metals whereas the non-essential Cd and Cr remained similar
or decreased slightly compared to FA control. FA combined with either GS or PM increased the amount of photosynthetic pigments
and was largely absent when SD was added to FA. Improved nitrogen availability led to increased nitrate reductase (NR) activity
with all amendments but less so with SD. Metal stress indicating parameters were generally reduced (cysteine and non-protein
thiols) or unchanged (ascorbic acid). In conclusion, of the tested ameliorants both GS and PM greatly improved growth of C. arietinum making FA a suitable component of plant growth substrates. 相似文献
226.
Vethamony P Sudheesh K Babu MT Jayakumar S Manimurali R Saran AK Sharma LH Rajan B Srivastava M 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2007,148(2):438-444
An oil spill occurred off Goa, west coast of India, on 23 March 2005 due to collision of two vessels. In general, fair weather with weak winds prevails along the west coast of India during March. In that case, the spill would have moved slowly and reached the coast. However, in 2005 when this event occurred, relatively stronger winds prevailed, and these winds forced the spill to move away from the coast. The spill trajectory was dominated by winds rather than currents. The MIKE21 Spill Analysis model was used to simulate the spill trajectory. The observed spill trajectory and the slick area were in agreement with the model simulations. The present study illustrates the importance of having pre-validated trajectories of spill scenarios for selecting eco-sensitive regions for preparedness and planning suitable response strategies whenever spill episodes occur. 相似文献
227.
Contamination of groundwater constrains its uses and poses a serious threat to the environment. Once groundwater is contaminated, the cleanup may be difficult and expensive. Identification of unknown pollution sources is the first step toward adopting any remediation strategy. The proposed methodology exploits the capability of a universal function approximation by a feed-forward multilayer artificial neural network (ANN) to identify the sources in terms of its location, magnitudes, and duration of activity. The back-propagation algorithm is utilized for training the ANN to identify the source characteristics based on simulated concentration data at specified observation locations in the aquifer. Uniform random generation and the Latin hypercube sampling method of random generation are used to generate temporal varying source fluxes. These source fluxes are used in groundwater flow and the transport simulation model to generate necessary data for the ANN model-building processes. Breakthrough curves obtained for the specified pollution scenario are characterized by different methods. The characterized breakthrough curves parameters serve as inputs to ANN model. Unknown pollution source characteristics are outputs for ANN model. Experimentation is also performed with different number of training and testing patterns. In addition, the effects of measurement errors in concentration measurements values are used to show the robustness of ANN based methodology for source identification in case of erroneous data. 相似文献
228.
Srivastava Vartika Choubey Abhay Kumar 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(13):35838-35852
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - By integrating the benefits of poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan (CS) with α-MnO2 nanoparticles (MNPs), a novel type of nano-polymer... 相似文献
229.
Srivastava R Roy BK 《Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India》2011,32(5):629-634
The isolation procedure of the seed proteins of Amaranthus blitum have been analyzed at different pH conditions. Qualitative studies were carried out by using electrophoretic technique sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Mainly four protein fractions i.e. albumin, globulin, prolamin and glutelin were obtained. Protein isolates were prepared by (a) extraction at different alkaline pH (9, 10, 11 and 12) and precipitation atpH 5 and (b) extraction at pH 9 and precipitation atdifferentpH (4, 5, 6 and 7). The composition of isolates, prepared by method (a), depended on extraction pH. The isolate extracted at pH 8 was mainly composed of albumin and globulin, whereas at pH 9, 10 and 11 showed the presence of prolamin and glutelin. Electrophoretic pattern of different isolates had five major bands with molecular weight of 30, 45, 72, 84 and 90 kDt respectively. The increase of the extraction pH led to the increase in protein yield. With method (b) isolates obtained were variable in composition. At pH 7 albumin and prolamine were present, whereas at pH 4, 5 and 6 all 4 protein fractions were precipitated. According to the quantitative estimation of the albumin, globulin, prolamin and glutelin in the seed flour the contents were 26.4, 25, 5.81 and 42.7%, respectively. The results suggest that composition of protein isolates could be controlled by different extraction and precipitation pH. 相似文献
230.
Verma Sarika Mili Medha Dhangar Manish Jagatheesan Krishnasamy Paul Sriparna Bajpai Harsh Vedanti Nimisha Mallik Jyotirmoy Khan Mohammed Akram Bhargaw Hari Narayan Hashmi Sayed Azhar Rasheed Srivastava Avanish Kumar 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(46):64929-64950
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The materials used in electrical and electronic applications have great importance and broader applications, but they have severe electromagnetic... 相似文献