Fetal choroid plexus cysts and trisomy 18: Assessment of risk based on ultrasound findings and maternal age

This paper examines the association between fetal choroid plexus cysts (CPCs) and trisomy 18 and proposes a method by which risks can be derived taking into account both sonographic findings and maternal age. Data from our centre on the sonographic findings of 58 fetuses with trisomy 18 and 387 fetuses with CPCs as well as data from published series were used. It was calculated that the prevalence of CPCs in the general population is approximately 1 per cent and at mid-gestation the incidence of CPCs in fetuses with trisomy 18 is approximately 50 per cent. In the 387 fetuses with CPCs, the incidence of trisomy 18 increased with maternal age and the likelihood ratio for trisomy 18 increased with the number of additional abnormalities, from 0·03 for those with isolated CPCs to 0·4 if there was one additional abnormality and 20·5 if there were two or more additional abnormalities. It was concluded that if the cysts are apparently isolated, the risk for trisomy 18 is only marginally increased and maternal age should be the main factor in deciding whether or not to offer fetal karyotyping. If one additional abnormality is found, the maternal age-related risk is increased, so that even for a 20-year-old the risk for trisomy 18 is at least as high as the risk for trisomy 21 in a 35-year-old. In this respect, it may be considered desirable to offer such patients the option of karyotyping.     

板材电磁成形实验研究

此文对板材电磁成形进行了较全面的实验研究,并对板材在成形过程中变形规律进行了分析,同时对成形效率进行了讨论,为电磁成形技术的推广应用奠定了基础。     

不锈钢器皿拉伸用模具材料

本文详细探讨了模具材料与不锈钢器皿表面划伤的关系。通过应用实例和分析确认铜基合金是拉伸不锈钢器皿的理想模具材料。     

4m压力管离心铸造机液压传动

此文在介绍4m压力管离心铸造工艺对液压传动工作要求的基础上,重点介绍了液压传动的工作原理、组成及其主要特点.     

环形件摆动辗压过程中接触区域轮廓的数值计算方法

摆动辗压过程中锥形摆头与坯料接触面积是一个十分重要的参数,此文从辗压过程中坯料螺旋式送进的事实出发,首次给出了环形坯料,接触区域轮廓坐标的数值求解过程,为正确计算接触面积提供了精确的计算方法。     

特殊结构(带支柱)球罐整体无模成形工艺的实验研究

为了解决无模成形方法成形大型球罐的困难,此文提出了一种特殊结构的壳体,该壳体在胀形前已将支柱焊在球瓣上,并且针对赤道带瓣对接焊处成形困难问题提出了一种减少瓣间两面角的特殊工艺方法.此文针对这种壳体的无模成形技术进行了实验研究,并对应变分布、直径变化及柱脚在不同摩擦条件下位移进行了测量分析,指出了此种壳体的无模成形技术是可行的,并具有良好的经济性,为大型球罐的无模成形制造提供了技术依据.     

论山风对重庆雾形成和发展的作用

本文着重分析了通过市中区、长江和嘉陵江剖面上的系留气艇探空资料,研究了浓雾生消过程中剖面上各气象要素场的连续变化.结果表明,山风、城市热岛和两江水面对雾的形成和发展起着重要作用.     

The crystal growth of hydroxyapatite in presence of collagens

The crystal growth of hydroxyapatite (HAP) seeds in presence of the abnormal collagen secreted by the chondrocyte grown in media containing free radical sources or fulvic acid and the type II collagen (pig cartilage) damaged by · OH and fulvic acid(FA) from potable water in endemic region of Kaschin-Beck disease (KBD) was studied. The results showed that in the former case, the abnormal collagen rich in type I collagen promoted mineralization in contrast with the type n collagen. The oxidatively damaged type II collagen became less inhibitive or even promotive. In all cases, the reaction followed a second order kinetics. The powder X-diffraction analysis and SEM observation indicated that the damaged type II collagen lowers the crystalinity in the beginning and made the final crystal more agglomerated. All the results showed that the abnormal and the damaged cartilage matrix affected the bimineralization and was likely to have played an important role in the development of KBD.     

用增量网格法对空心复合挤压的实验研究

用增量网格法对带内孔坯复合挤压的载荷、上下通道流出量、金属内部应力应变分布情况进行实验分析,并分析内孔直径和凹模锥角等参数的影响,对设计模具与选择成形设备有指导意义.文中还阐述这种实验方法的实施过程和功能,指出这是一种研究成形问题的有效手段.     

Chorionic villus sampling and acceptance rate of prenatal diagnosis

In this paper, we compared the acceptance rate of fetal diagnosis for β-thalassemia in three group of couples of Sardinian descent; the first counselled before DNA analysis was available, the second presenting after DNA analysis was introduced but too late for chorionic villus sampling and thus monitored by amniocyte DNA analysis and the third presenting within the first trimester after DNA analysis was introduced and thus in time for trophoblast DNA analysis. A higher proportion of couples from the latter group opted for fetal testing as compared to the 1st and 2nd group. These results indicate that in this population, introduction of 1st trimester diagnosis made prenatal testing acceptable to practically all counselled couples at risk.