Subcellular distribution and chemical form of Cd and Cd-Zn interaction in different barley genotypes

A hydroponic experiment was carried out to study the genotypic difference in subcellular distribution and chemical form of Cd and Zn uptake and their interaction in four barley genotypes. Increased Cd level in the medium caused a significant increase of Cd concentration in all fractions of roots/shoots, with most accumulation in FI (cell wall) and FIV (soluble). In root, the greatest amount of Cd was found in extraction solution of 2% HAC or 0.6M HCl, followed by 1M NaCl (20%), and lowest in extraction of 80% ethanol or d-H2O. While in shoot, the highest value of Cd accumulation was recorded in the fractions extracted by 1M NaCl and 2% HAC, followed by 0.6M HCl or d-H2O, and least in 80% ethanol extraction solution. There was a distinct difference among genotypes in Cd concentration in subcellular and chemical forms and it was found that the Cd-sensitive genotype Wumaoliuling, in comparison with the other three Cd-resistant genotypes, had higher Cd concentration in chloroplast-shoot/trophoplast-root (FII), membrane and organelle (FIII) and in inorganic and water-soluble Cd of roots, while lower in FI, FIV and pectates/protein integrated Cd. After 48 h of Cd treatment, the plants were replaced into Cd-free nutrient solution and grown for 72 h, a significant decrease in Cd concentration of root FI was observed, with less Cd reduction in Wumaoliuling. In comparison with control (no Cd), addition of Cd significantly increased Zn accumulation in chloroplast (FII), with least increase in Wumaoliuling. The Zn content in the other 3 fractions decreased significantly with addition of Cd, especially in roots, while Wumaoliuling was the most severely affected genotype. Moreover, it could be suggested Zn supplement could significantly reduce Cd concentration in root trophoplast and in shoot soluble fraction of Cd-treated plants.     

新疆地下水中农药污染水平调查

报道了新疆产棉区的莎车、英吉沙两县20个采样点的地下水受有机磷、有机氯和菊酯类农药污染的调查结果。结果表明：分别有55％（11）、30％（6）、25％（5）、15％（3）和5％（1）的水样受到了敌敌畏、敌百虫、功夫菊酯、六六六和甲拌磷的污染。其中4份水样中的敌敌畏（3）敌百虫（1）含量超过了《城市给水工程规范》（GB50282－1998）规定的生活饮用水水质指标限值（＜0．1μg／L）。     

我国干旱地区甘草草地资源的利用与保护

全世界有甘草13种,我国有8种,沙漠地区常见有5种。我国沙漠地区的甘草种类为甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis)、胀果甘草(Glycyrrhiza inflata)等5种,它们构成各种甘草草地,分布在多种多样的生态环境中,以甘草草地分布最广。 甘草草地可供放牧、割草、采药、农垦、营林等多目标利用,目前它已被广泛进行利用。其中以放牧和采药利用最为广泛。 甘草草地的利用存在着严重的问题,例如:滥挖甘草已使大面积的甘草草地遭到了严重破坏,不适当的农垦已使不少甘草草地成了荒滩和沙化土地,生境旱化已使一些甘草草地明显退化,土壤盐渍化已使得一些甘草草地发育不良以至已被盐生植被所演替。 要使甘草草地这一多目标利用的自然资源能得到水续利用,必须重视土壤和环境的保护,防止土壤风蚀和水蚀,防治土壤盐渍化,预防生态环境旱化,大力种草种树等。     

1株高效BBP降解菌的分离与特性研究

从湖北省荆沙河泥样中富集培养分离得到了1株能够以邻苯二甲酸丁基苄基酯为唯一碳源和能源生长的细菌并命名为HS-B1.采用形态学、生理生化和16S rDNA序列分析对其进行了鉴定,发现HS-B1是1株杆状、需氧、革兰氏阴性细菌,接触酶呈阳性反应,氧化酶呈阴性反应,不产硫化氢气体,且该菌的16S rDNA序列与琼氏不动杆菌(Acinetobacter junii)的相似性高达99%.因此初步鉴定该菌株为不动杆菌(Acinetobacter sp.).摇瓶实验表明,菌株HS-B1生长和BBP降解的最适培养条件为35℃,pH 8.0.采用0.10 mmol.L-1非离子型表面活性剂吐温-80提高了BBP在水溶液中的表观溶解度,发现在最适培养条件下,HS-B1能够在48 h内将浓度为1 000 mg.L-1BBP完全降解,证明是一株高效降解菌.底物广谱性实验中,菌株HS-B1也能够有效利用DMP、DEP、DBP等邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物,说明该菌株在处理邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的污染治理中有独特的应用潜力.     

洞庭湖水系水体环境背景值调查研究

研究方法概述 本研究运用系统工程的理论和方法,进行设计和研究。将流域区的水体(包括水、悬浮物、水生生物、沉积物)地下水、土壤、岩石、降雨和地表迳流作为一个大自然系统;从布     

碳纳米管的免疫毒性研究

碳纳米管已经以各种不同的方式进入我们的生活,因此,对碳纳米管可能给人们的健康与安全带来的影响需要有足够的认识.本文就近年来对碳纳米管引起免疫细胞毒性的研究进展进行综述,为人们进一步认识和更好地应用碳纳米管奠定基础.     

Biobased Poly(1,3-propylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate)-Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposites with Enhanced Thermal,Mechanical Properties and Crystallization Behavior

Journal of Polymers and the Environment - Biobased poly(1,3-propylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PPF) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) nanocomposites were prepared by a solution and coagulation method at...     

Optimal recycle price game theory model for second-hand mobile phone recycling

Human societies develop rapidly through the advancement of technology; however, with these advancements, many problems are emerging. The topic chosen for this study surrounds the e-waste, which has become a major problem around the world. Second-hand and unused mobile phones are a big part of globally generated e-waste. If these devices are properly recycled, they can generate substantial economic and resource value. Yet if they are indiscriminately discarded, they cause a profound environmental impact. Given the current low recovery rate of mobile phones, an increase in recovery rates becomes critical in lessening economic and environmental impacts. Based on the status quo of second-hand mobile phone recycling processes in China, this article analyzes the behavior of individuals and recyclers through a comprehensive static information game theory and finds ways to increase the recycling rate of second-hand mobile phones. The study helps the customers, to clearly identify the recycle price. In case of market, the government policy can be introduced with a reward and punishment mechanism. Furthermore, under the ideological guidance of game theory, this paper also establishes a corresponding price model of second-hand mobile phone recycling based on best response dynamics like search, variable neighborhood search, and hybrid meta-heuristic method. This model shows that the recovery time differences have a significant impact on the recovery price. Moreover, to an extent, this model can promote the possibility and initiative of customers choosing cell phone recycling.

     

Occurrence and distribution of antibiotics in coastal water of the Taizhou Bay,China: impacts of industrial activities and marine aquaculture

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The occurrence, spatial distribution, and source analysis of antibiotics in global coastal waters and estuaries are not well documented or understood....     

Exploring the interaction relationship between Beautiful China-SciTech innovation using coupling coordination and predictive analysis: a case study of Zhejiang

Environment, Development and Sustainability - Exploring interaction of Beautiful China and SciTech Innovation is an important way to realize economic transformation and sustainable development in...