地质灾害系统的经济弹性及其结构研究

经济弹性是降低地质灾害系统经济损失的主要方式,如果能够对其进行准确定义和精确测量,其降低灾害损失的有效性将得到进一步增强.为此,在比较区分生态、工程、组织、规划、心理等不同学科领域弹性概念基础上,结合地质灾害系统的基本构成,对其经济弹性进行了操作化定义和数学描述.进而,在描述了地质灾害系统作用过程后,指出地质灾害系统的经济弹性是一个四维结构的概念,这对于准确衡量地质灾害经济弹性,提升其效率与潜力具有重要的作用.     

四川汶川8．0级地震间接经济损失评估方法

国内生产总值(GDP)是衡量该地区经济总量和经济发展水平的重要指标.灾区内各评估子区震害程度、企业服务业恢复生产营业时间以及地震对企业服务业生产营业影响时间与地震间接经济损失有直接的关系.在研究了国内外有关地震间接经济损失评估研究成果的基础上,根据现场灾害调查结果,结合灾区实际,提出利用灾区各市(县)国内生产总值GDP(第二、三产业)数据、各评估子区震害系数、企业服务业生产营业恢复时间以及地震对企业服务业生产营业影响时间,进行地震灾害间接经济损失评估方法.     

电厂冷却水对梭幼鱼热效应的研究

通过对梭幼鱼各项温度基准值的测定,研究了电厂冷却水对梭幼鱼的热效应。结果表明,自然水温２５℃条件下,梭幼鱼的回避温度、ＴＬ５０、ＵＩＬＴ、ＭＷＡＴ、ＣＴＭ、短期暴露最高温度分别为３４℃、３６．７℃、３８．７５℃、３０．５２℃、４０．８２℃、３５．３２℃;建立了梭幼鱼对温度效应的敏感区域图和温度－时间方程ｌｏｇｔ（ｍｉｎ）＝１７．９４２２＋０．４２０２５Ｔ（℃）及安全受热方程Ｔ（℃）＝ｌｏｇ１４４０     

兰州市大气TSP中28种元素的测定与变化规律的研究

报导了兰州市一年内大气中TSP内的28种元素含量的监测结果,污染程度和变化规律.为兰州市进一步加强环境管理和治理,不断改善环境质量提供科学依据.     

Using a neural network approach and time series data from an international monitoring station in the Yellow Sea for modeling marine ecosystems

The international marine ecological safety monitoring demonstration station in the Yellow Sea was developed as a collaborative project between China and Russia. It is a nonprofit technical workstation designed as a facility for marine scientific research for public welfare. By undertaking long-term monitoring of the marine environment and automatic data collection, this station will provide valuable information for marine ecological protection and disaster prevention and reduction. The results of some initial research by scientists at the research station into predictive modeling of marine ecological environments and early warning are described in this paper. Marine ecological processes are influenced by many factors including hydrological and meteorological conditions, biological factors, and human activities. Consequently, it is very difficult to incorporate all these influences and their interactions in a deterministic or analysis model. A prediction model integrating a time series prediction approach with neural network nonlinear modeling is proposed for marine ecological parameters. The model explores the natural fluctuations in marine ecological parameters by learning from the latest observed data automatically, and then predicting future values of the parameter. The model is updated in a “rolling” fashion with new observed data from the monitoring station. Prediction experiments results showed that the neural network prediction model based on time series data is effective for marine ecological prediction and can be used for the development of early warning systems.     

空气中异氰酸甲酯的气相色谱测定

用无水乙醇作吸收液,使异氰酸甲酯转化为取代氨基甲酸酯,用氮磷检测器（ＮＰＤ）检测,可消除其他组分的干扰,方法的检测限可达μｇ／Ｌ水平。该方法比目前使用的分光光度法快速、简便、准确。     

中国发展低碳经济的路径选择

绿色技术创新和建立碳排放权市场交易机制是促进低碳经济发展的主要措施。前者的实施主体是企业,后者的实施主体是政府。文章分析了在市场和垄断两种情况下的碳排放交易机制与绿色技术创新结合的结果的变化。分析认为,在市场机制充分发挥作用时,绿色技术创新可以替代碳排放权;在存在垄断的情况下,绿色技术创新对碳排放权具有补充作用;碳排放交易制度与绿色技术创新结合起来是中国发展低碳经济的必然选择;现阶段,碳排放权的分配应以免费分配为主,有偿分配为辅。     

Spatial–temporal variations of carbon storage of the global forest ecosystem under future climate change

Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change - Forests play an important role in sequestrating atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Therefore, in order to understand the...