新技术革命对环境的影响及环境科学未来的研究方向

阐述了人类在不同阶段所面临的不同环境问题和未来新技术革命对环境的可能影响，介绍了环境科学随着环境问题的变化而不断发展变化的过程，指出在新技术革命时代环境科学所面临的未来研究课题及任务。     

过硫酸钾氧化-紫外光度法测定总氮方法的改进

过硫酸钾氧化紫外光度法测定总氮的空白吸光度高的主要原因是:K2S2O8在220nm波长上有特征吸收,适当降低K2S2O8、NaOH的用量,延长消解时间,使用二次蒸馏水,用低浓度亚砷酸钠溶液,还原消解后剩余的极少量的K2S2O8,可以降低空白吸光度.K2S2O8-NaOH碱溶液不稳定,使用期短,三天后氧化能力迅速降低,原因是:K2S2O8溶液中,加入NaOH,加速了K2S2O8的分解.K2S2O8和NaOH分别配制,并在K2S2O8溶液中,加入少量HCl,抑制其水解.两种溶液可使用丰年以上时间.     

金属板料成形摩擦机理研究

对不锈钢板料和碳钢在金属塑性成形时 (高接触压力 )的摩擦机理进行了实验研究 ,分析了压力对滑动阻力和摩擦系数的影响 ,得出了随压力增大摩擦系数逐渐变小的结论 ,从而为应用有限元法进行板料成形过程中塑性变形的计算机模拟提供真实的边界条件打下了基础。     

厌氧—好氧—生物炭系统处理印染废水实例

阐述了采用厌氧水解－好氧生物接触－生物炭吸附氧化工艺处理印染废水的工艺流程、原理、工艺参数及特点。该系统对印染废水ＣＯＤｃｒ及色度的处理取得良好效果，且污泥量少，节省了污泥处理费用。     

锅炉房工艺设计中确定煤场面积的一种方法

本文以管理科学的库存理论为基础，以提高经济效益为目的，提出了一种全新的锅炉房煤场面积确定方法。     

VARIATION FEATURES OF PRECIPITATION IN GUANGXI

VariationfeaturesofprecipitationinGuangxiUnevendistributionofprecipitationinareas　ByreasonofcomplexlandforminGuangxi,theprecipitationvariesindifferentregionsandisgenerallyabundantinthesouthandthenorth,littleinthemiddleregion;abundantintheeastandlittleinthewest;abundantinhillyareasandlittleintherivervalleysandbasins;abundantinwindwardslopesandlittleinleewardslopes;abundantincoastlandandlittleinis lands.Therearemainly 4 pluvialregionsand 2littlerainfallregions.The 4pluvialregionswithprecipitat…     

城市地下空间与节约型和谐社会建设——论中国城市地下空间的发展战略选择

进入“十一五”规划期,中国的大城市正面临着“建构资源节约型、环境友好型和谐社会”的重大战略转型。城市地下空间资源的综合开发利用是实现这一伟大战略目标的重要保障之一。作者在研究总结国外大城市地下空间资源综合开发利用成功经验与教训的基础上,分析未来中国城市发展趋势,论述城市地下空间资源综合开发利用的发展方向与战略目标,创造性的提出了实现这一伟大战略目标应该创建的中国式综合管理的体制、机制与法制。本文可供政府决策参考。     

中国盾叶薯蓣资源现状及保护对策

论述了我国盾叶薯蓣的野生资源现状、人工种植生产现状、资源濒危原因及应采取的保护对策.指出:我国现有盾叶薯蓣野生资源蕴藏量估计在200万kg左右,资源数量已大为下降,然而年需求量却高达2亿kg以上,供需矛盾十分突出.造成资源濒危的主要原因是利用过度、生境及种质资源被破坏、家种者皂素含量低且质量差而不能大批量用于皂素生产.建议在采取有效保护野生资源的同时,尽快建立全国性良种繁育基地,按GAP要求建立我国现代化、规模化、规范化的高产优质药材原料生产基地,从根本上解决当前盾叶薯蓣资源保护与利用的矛盾.     

Use of Microbial Community to Evaluate Performance of a Wetland System in Treating Pb/Zn Mine Drainage

The performance of a wetland system in treating lead (Pb)/zinc (Zn) mine drainage was evaluated by using the polyurethane foam unit (PFU) microbial community (method), which has been adopted by China as a standardized procedure for monitoring water quality. The wetland system consisted of four cells with three dominant plants: Typha latifolia, Phragmites australis and Paspalum distichum. Physicochemical characteristics [pH, EC, content of total suspended solid (TSS) and metals (Pb, Zn, Cd, and Cu)] and PFU microbial community in water samples had been investigated from seven sampling sites. The results indicated that the concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, and TSS in the mine drainage were gradually reduced from the inlet to the outlet of the wetland system and 99%, 98%, 75%, 83%, and 68% of these metals and TSS respectively, had been reduced in concentration after the drainage passed through the wetland system. A total of 105 protozoan species were identified, the number of protozoa species and the diversity index (DI) gradually increased, while the heterotrophic index (HI) gradually decreased from the inlet to the outlet of the wetland system. The results indicated that DI, HI, and total number species of protozoa could be used as biological indicators indicating the improvement of water quality.     

Impact of land use on shallow groundwater quality characteristics associated with human health risks in a typical agricultural area in Central China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Groundwater pollution seriously threatens water resource safety due to high-intensity land use throughout the world. However, the relationship between...