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991.
Wang G.Yang X.Li Y.Ding X.Shen Y. 《应用与环境生物学报》2018,(3):450-456
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is one of the potent greenhouse gases (GHG) that depletes the stratospheric ozone. Nitrogen fertilizers are considered to be a major source of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from arable soils. To investigate the characteristics of N2O emission, its influencing factors, and its response to nitrogen application in dry grassland in the Loess Plateau, one of the most intensively used agricultural regions in China, we conducted a field trial with two treatments including N0 (0 kg hm-2) and N150 (150 kg hm-2) at the Qingyang Loess Plateau grassland agricultural research station of Lanzhou University. An LGR-N2O/CO gas analyzer was used to monitor the emissions. The results showed that the N2O fluxes of the N0 and N150 treatments during the monitoring period were -0.0036 and 0.0118 mg m-2 h-1, respectively; the flux in case of the N150 treatment was significantly higher than that for the N0 treatment. The N2O emission flux has a distinct diurnal variation characteristic, which first showed the trend of decreasing and then increasing. Regression analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between the N2O flux and the surface soil water content at a depth of 10 cm. The N2O emission flux increased by 131.3%, compared with that during the non-precipitation days. At the same time, the N2O emission flux showed a trend of decreasing with the increase of the surface soil temperature at a depth of 10 cm. The daily emission characteristics indicated that there may be a significant underestimation of the N2O flux at the daily or longer time-scale, based on the N2O flux value measured at 9:00-11:00. In summary, the N2O emissions from the sown alfalfa grassland of the eastern Gansu are strongly affected by precipitation and nitrogen application and have obvious daily dynamic characteristics. It is recommended that the accuracy and representativeness of N2O emission flux data be enhanced by continuous dynamic measurement using the instrument. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved. 相似文献
992.
贝叶斯(Bayes)判别分析理论在安全评价中的应用 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
论述了多元统计分析方法中的贝叶斯判别分析方法在安全评价中的应用。通过对原始数据的分析建立起反映被评价对象安全状况的综合指标函数模型,从而简化后续同类评价目标工作量。 相似文献
993.
994.
以好氧颗粒污泥接种小试柱形SBR,采用自配无机氨氮废水为进水,在中温(28~30℃)条件下通过逐步提升进水NH4^+-N浓度(100~650mg/L)和缩短水力停留时间(8~4h)快速培养硝化颗粒污泥。实验结果证实,以好氧颗粒污泥接种可以促使硝化颗粒污泥快速形成,36d时粒径〉0.21mm的颗粒污泥占总数的93%,颗粒污泥NH4-N比去除速率为50.53mgNH4^+-N/(gSS·h)。硝化颗粒污泥具有良好的短程硝化性能,亚硝酸盐产生速率和累积率分别保持在3.3kgNO2-N/(m^3·d)和85%以上。反应初期高FA和反应末期高FNA的共同抑制是该研究中实现和维持稳定短程硝化的关键因素。 相似文献
995.
浅谈我国环保产业现状及发展方向 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
随着全球经济的进一步增长及生态环境的急剧恶化,环保产业的发展速度将远远超过其他行业。在世界环保产业市场的角逐中发达国家占有绝对的优势。我国环保产业跻身国际市场,首先要解决技术起点低,实力差的问题,并要扩大生产规模,走集约化经营道路,加大环保产业投入,选择好环境技术、设备的出口市场。 相似文献
996.
文章论述了城市生态化及其发展对策 ,提出可持续城市发展的概念及其生态原则 ,以期推动我国城市生态化和可持续城市建设工作的开展 相似文献
997.
Struvite crystallization is a promising method to remove and recover phosphorus from wastewater to ease both the scarcity of phosphorus rock resources and water eutrophication worldwide. To date, although various kinds of reactor systems have been developed, supporting methods are required to control the struvite fines flushing out of the reactors. As an intrinsic property, aggregation is normally disregarded in the struvite crystallization process, although it is the key factor in final particle size and therefore guarantees phosphorus recovery efficiency. The present study developed a method to analyze the characteristics of struvite aggregates using fractal geometry, and the influence of operational parameters on struvite aggregation was evaluated. Due to its typical orthorhombic molecular structure, struvite particles are prone to crystallize into needle or rod shapes, and aggregate at the corners or edges of crystals. The determined fractal dimension(Dpf) of struvite aggregates was 1.52–1.31, with the corresponding range of equivalent diameter(d0.5) at 295.9–85.4 μm. Aggregates formed in relatively low phosphorus concentrations(3.0–5.0 mmol/L) and mildly alkaline conditions(pH 9.0–9.5) displayed relatively compact structures, large aggregate sizes and high aggregation strength. Increasing pH values led to continuous decrease of aggregate sizes, while the variation of Dpfwas insignificant. As to the aggregate evolution, fast growth in a short time followed by a long steady stage was observed. 相似文献
998.
江苏省环境与社会经济发展协调性分析研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用1991年-2010年江苏省主要社会经济、污染物排放和环境质量数据,通过构建环境与社会经济评价指标体系和协调发展度评价模型,对全省不同发展时期环境与社会经济发展协调程度进行定量分析和系统评价.结果表明,20年来,江苏省环境与社会经济协调发展度基本呈现较为平缓的上升趋势,由不协调逐步向比较协调阶段转变,在不同的发展时期,受不同的环境与社会经济发展状况影响,协调发展度指数相应地发生波动变化.但近些年环境与社会经济发展协调性存在下降风险,还需进一步采取有效措施,促进二者协调、可持续发展. 相似文献
999.
1000.