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991.
污泥含炭吸附剂对挥发性有机废气吸附实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了污泥含炭吸附剂对挥发性有机污染物的吸附特性。结果表明,污泥含炭吸附剂对苯系物的吸附为典型的物理吸附,其吸附甲苯等温线的类型系优惠型吸附等温线,表明具有良好的吸附能力;在吸附反应温度为20℃,气体流量为500 mL/m in(停留时间为0.424 s),甲苯浓度为2 700 mg/m3时,甲苯的饱和吸附容量为150.0 mg/g;同时,研究表明污泥含炭吸附剂对苯系物的饱和吸附容量和吸附强弱次序为二甲苯甲苯苯。结果表明污泥含炭吸附剂适合对中低浓度有机废气的吸附净化。 相似文献
992.
针对榨菜腌制废水高盐高氮磷高有机物浓度的特征,提出"厌氧序批式生物膜反应器(ASBBR)-二级序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR)-化学除磷"组合处理工艺,在前期对组合工艺中单元工艺的关键工况参数研究的基础上,考察组合工艺的处理效能。实验结果表明,采用该组合工艺,可使进水COD、NH4+-N、TN及PO43--P分别为10 000、345、550和38.5mg/L的榨菜腌制废水,处理出水COD、NH4+-N、TN及PO43--P分别达到93.6、12.3、18和0.1 mg/L,去除率分别为99.1%、96.4%、96.7%和99.9%,出水达到污水综合排放一级标准。 相似文献
993.
994.
颗粒物对无电压作用下离子交换膜分离去除铜离子的影响 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
在无外加电压条件下研究了颗粒物对阳离子交换膜分离去除铜离子效果的影响。选用硅酸、二氧化硅、氧化铝和水杨酸等4种物质作为颗粒物分别进行实验,其添加量均为50 mg/L。Cu2+及其补偿离子K+的浓度分别为0.0787mmol/L(5 mg/L)和0.787 mmol/L,水温为25±1℃,搅拌强度为600 r/min,水力停留时间为12 h。在所述实验条件下运行96 h后,水中无颗粒物干扰时,铜离子去除率为84%;水中存在带负电荷颗粒物(硅酸)和不带电荷颗粒物(二氧化硅和氧化铝)时,铜离子去除率略为下降至81%;而当水中存在带正电荷颗粒物(水杨酸)时,铜离子的去除率进一步下降为79%。研究结果表明带正电荷颗粒物对铜离子的交换去除影响较带负电荷或不带电荷颗粒物大,因为带正电荷颗粒物更易迁移至阳离子交换膜表面甚至进入膜内,并与膜表或膜内离子交换基团结合,从而导致铜离子交换去除明显下降。 相似文献
995.
壳聚糖改性粘土对高藻水中藻类的絮凝去除 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
对壳聚糖改性粘土用于天然高藻水中藻类的絮凝去除进行了研究。实验表明,经壳聚糖改性后的粘土对高藻水中藻细胞有较好的去除效果。粘土的种类对除藻效果有一定影响,其中以高粘凹凸棒石为最佳,其最佳投加量为66mg/L(壳聚糖6 mg/L),此时的叶绿素去除率达到95.45%。相比单独投加壳聚糖,粘土的加入增加了絮体密实度,减少了絮体体积,并使絮体分布更均匀。粘土的粒径对絮凝效果基本没有影响,粒径范围在25~74μm时,改性粘土对藻细胞的凝聚效果是一致的。经壳聚糖改性的粘土在酸性条件下絮凝效果较好,当pH值大于7时,其絮凝能力迅速下降。 相似文献
996.
Guofeng Shen Wei Wang Yifeng Yang Chen Zhu Yujia Min Miao Xue Junnan Ding Wei Li Bin Wang Huizhong Shen Rong Wang Xilong Wang Shu Tao 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(39):5237-5243
Coal consumption is one important contributor to energy production, and is regarded as one of the most important sources of air pollutants that have considerable impacts on human health and climate change. Emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from coal combustion were studied in a typical stove. Emission factors (EFs) of 16 EPA priority PAHs from tested coals ranged from 6.25 ± 1.16 mg kg?1 (anthracite) to 253 ± 170 mg kg?1 (bituminous), with NAP and PHE dominated in gaseous and particulate phases, respectively. Size distributions of particulate phase PAHs from tested coals showed that they were mostly associated with particulate matter (PM) with size either between 0.7 and 2.1 μm or less than 0.4 μm (PM0.4). In the latter category, not only were more PAHs present in PM0.4, but also contained higher fractions of high molecular weight PAHs. Generally, there were more than 89% of total particulate phase PAHs associated with PM2.5. Gas-particle partitioning of freshly emitted PAHs from residential coal combustions were thought to be mainly controlled by absorption rather than adsorption, which is similar to those from other sources. Besides, the influence of fuel properties and combustion conditions was further investigated by using stepwise regression analysis, which indicated that almost 57 ± 10% of total variations in PAH EFs can be accounted for by moisture and volatile matter content of coal in residential combustion. 相似文献
997.
L.-W. Antony Chen John G. Watson Judith C. Chow David W. DuBois Lisa Herschberger 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(38):4908-4918
The Minnesota Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5) Source Apportionment Study was undertaken to explore the utility of PM2.5 mass, element, ion, and carbon measurements from long-term speciation networks for pollution source attribution. Ambient monitoring data at eight sites across the state were retrieved from the archives of the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) and the Speciation Trends Network (STN; part of the Chemical Speciation Network [CSN]) and analyzed by an Effective Variance – Chemical Mass Balance (EV-CMB) receptor model with region-specific geological source profiles developed in this study. PM2.5 was apportioned into contributions of fugitive soil dust, calcium-rich dust, taconite (low grade iron ore) dust, road salt, motor vehicle exhaust, biomass burning, coal-fired utility, and secondary aerosol. Secondary sulfate and nitrate contributed strongly (49–71% of PM2.5) across all sites and was dominant (≥60%) at IMPROVE sites. Vehicle exhausts accounted for 20–70% of the primary PM2.5 contribution, largely exceeding the proportion in the primary PM2.5 emission inventory. The diesel exhaust contribution was separable from the gasoline engine exhaust contribution at the STN sites. Higher detection limits for several marker elements in the STN resulted in non-detectable coal-fired boiler contributions which were detected in the IMPROVE data. Despite the different measured variables, analytical methods, and detection limits, EV-CMB results from a nearby IMPROVE-STN non-urban/urban sites showed similar contributions from regional sources – including fugitive dust and secondary aerosol. Seasonal variations of source contributions were examined and extreme PM2.5 episodes were explained by both local and regional pollution events. 相似文献
998.
X.R. Guo S.Y. Cheng D.S. Chen Y. Zhou H.Y. Wang 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(28):3369-3377
Valuation of health effects of air pollution is becoming a critical component of the performance of cost–benefit analysis of pollution control measures, which provides a basis for setting priorities for action. Beijing has focused on control of transport emission as vehicular emissions have recently become an important source of air pollution, particularly during Olympic games and Post-games. In this paper, we conducted an estimation of health effects and economic cost caused by road transport-related air pollution using an integrated assessment approach which utilizes air quality model, engineering, epidemiology, and economics. The results show that the total economic cost of health impacts due to air pollution contributed from transport in Beijing during 2004–2008 was 272, 297, 310, 323, 298 million US$ (mean value), respectively. The economic costs of road transport accounted for 0.52, 0.57, 0.60, 0.62, and 0.58% of annual Beijing GDP from 2004 to 2008. Average cost per vehicle and per ton of PM10 emission from road transport can also be estimated as 106 US $/number and 3584 US $ t?1, respectively. These findings illustrate that the impact of road transport contributed particulate air pollution on human health could be substantial in Beijing, whether in physical and economic terms. Therefore, some control measures to reduce transport emissions could lead to considerable economic benefit. 相似文献
999.
新型SBBR处理畜禽废水脱氮实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以畜禽废水为处理对象,将序批式运行模式应用到好氧三相内循环生物流化床中,考察在不同模式下的处理效果及氮的转化情况。实验结果表明,在室温条件下,进水COD浓度为2 000 mg/L左右,总氮为140 mg/L左右时,保持溶解氧在2~2.5 mg/L,交替好氧/缺氧运行方式处理效果优于单一的好氧/缺氧方式;模式为3 h(曝气)-1.5 h(停曝)-1.5 h(曝气)-1 h(停曝)时系统对总氮和氨氮处理效果最好,总氮去除率达到90%,系统主要脱氮方式为同步硝化反硝化和短程硝化反硝化。 相似文献
1000.
两阶段曝气生物滤池的硝化性能 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
曝气生物滤池(BAF)是近年来受到广泛关注的一种新型污水处理技术,具有占地面积少、投资费用低、处理效率高、出水水质好等优点。现已被应用于许多污水处理厂的二级处理、深度处理以及污水的回用。实验以陶粒为填料,自行设计了升流式两阶段BAFs(UBAFs)处理模拟生活污水,考察了反应器运行条件对COD与氨氮去除影响,并探讨了UBAFs反应器内氮流失及同步硝化反硝化情况。结果表明,UBAFs对生活污水处理具有良好的净化效果。在进水COD和氨氮浓度分别为200~363 mg/L和16.8~31.3 mg/L条件下,UBAFs处理出水水质均达到《城市污水再生利用城市杂用水水质》(GB/T 18920-2002)标准,能够满足回用要求。通过采用氮平衡分析方法和借助电子扫描电镜技术,初步认为UBAFs反应器脱氮方式是由于在UBAFs第一阶段局部厌氧环境中以传统方式进行硝化反硝化脱氮,第二阶段是在好氧条件下,异养好氧硝化菌的同步硝化反硝化脱氮。 相似文献