全文获取类型
收费全文 | 7677篇 |
免费 | 54篇 |
国内免费 | 61篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 149篇 |
废物处理 | 326篇 |
环保管理 | 695篇 |
综合类 | 1078篇 |
基础理论 | 1561篇 |
环境理论 | 3篇 |
污染及防治 | 1996篇 |
评价与监测 | 725篇 |
社会与环境 | 1228篇 |
灾害及防治 | 31篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 55篇 |
2022年 | 142篇 |
2021年 | 146篇 |
2020年 | 52篇 |
2019年 | 81篇 |
2018年 | 157篇 |
2017年 | 174篇 |
2016年 | 221篇 |
2015年 | 135篇 |
2014年 | 267篇 |
2013年 | 679篇 |
2012年 | 295篇 |
2011年 | 348篇 |
2010年 | 277篇 |
2009年 | 311篇 |
2008年 | 374篇 |
2007年 | 391篇 |
2006年 | 318篇 |
2005年 | 301篇 |
2004年 | 274篇 |
2003年 | 254篇 |
2002年 | 232篇 |
2001年 | 263篇 |
2000年 | 208篇 |
1999年 | 98篇 |
1998年 | 71篇 |
1997年 | 81篇 |
1996年 | 66篇 |
1995年 | 81篇 |
1994年 | 68篇 |
1993年 | 61篇 |
1992年 | 63篇 |
1991年 | 65篇 |
1990年 | 73篇 |
1989年 | 58篇 |
1988年 | 45篇 |
1987年 | 44篇 |
1986年 | 47篇 |
1985年 | 48篇 |
1984年 | 53篇 |
1983年 | 37篇 |
1982年 | 48篇 |
1981年 | 36篇 |
1980年 | 46篇 |
1979年 | 45篇 |
1975年 | 34篇 |
1974年 | 32篇 |
1973年 | 33篇 |
1972年 | 42篇 |
1969年 | 36篇 |
排序方式: 共有7792条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
82.
In order to take account of the congestion externalities associated with increased use intensity during a given period at a low density recreational resource, it is necessary to determine the effects of alternative use levels on the expected quality of each individual's experience. This paper describes a simulation model for wilderness recreation designed to provide such measures. In order to illustrate the model it is applied to the Spanish Peaks Areas in Montana. 相似文献
83.
84.
Critical review of Integrated Water Resources Management: Moving beyond polarised discourse 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) emerged as a popular concept in the water sector in the 20th century. From a highly techno-centric approach in the past, it has taken a new turn embracing Habermasian communicative rationality as a place-based nexus for multiple actors to consensually and communicatively integrate decisions in a hydrological unit. The 'how to integrate' approach had remarkable appeal worldwide in promoting authentic participation of all stakeholders. However, critics argue that the domain of water resource management is a political process of contestation and negotiation; the emphasis is on complexities, contextuality, power dynamics and the importance of analysing real world situations. They demonstrate 'how integration cannot be achieved' given the power dynamics in social interactions. These apparently contradictory discourses draw on different theoretical paradigms and polarise the discourse on IWRM, without offering constructive alternatives. To this end, this paper offers an option to complement this polarised discourse by examining 'how integration actually does take place' in a strategic context thereby facilitating consensual decisions to integrate water management for a sustainable future. 相似文献
85.
This paper provides a preliminary assessment of the suitability of Tertiary sedimentary basins in Northern, Western and Eastern Greece in order to identify geological structures close to major CO2 emission sources with the potential for long-term storage of CO2. The term “emissions” refers to point source emissions as defined by the International Energy Agency, including power generation, the cement sector and other industrial processes. The Prinos oil field and saline aquifer, along with the saline formations of the Thessaloniki Basin and the Mesohellenic Trough have been identified as prospective CO2 geological storage sites. In addition, a carbonate deep saline aquifer occurring at appropriate depths beneath the Neogene-Quaternary sediments of Ptolemais-Kozani graben (NW Greece) is considered. The proximity of this geological formation to Greece's largest lignite-fired power plants suggests that it would be worthwhile undertaking further site-specific studies to quantify its storage capacity and assess its structural integrity. 相似文献
86.
X. Qu V.A. Vavilin L. Mazéas M. Lemunier C. Duquennoi P.-J. He T. Bouchez 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2009,29(6):1828-1837
Utilizing stable carbon isotope data to account for aceticlastic and non-aceticlastic pathways of methane generation, a model was created to describe laboratory batch anaerobic decomposition of cellulosic materials (office paper and cardboard). The total organic and inorganic carbon concentrations, methane production volume, and methane and CO2 partial pressure values were used for the model calibration and validation. According to the fluorescent in situ hybridization observations, three groups of methanogens including strictly hydrogenotrophic methanogens, strictly aceticlastic methanogens (Methanosaeta sp.) and Methanosarcina sp., consuming both acetate and H2/H2CO3 as well as acetate-oxidizing syntrophs, were considered. It was shown that temporary inhibition of aceticlastic methanogens by non-ionized volatile fatty acids or acidic pH was responsible for two-step methane production from office paper at 35 °C where during the first and second steps methane was generated mostly from H2/H2CO3 and acetate, respectively. Water saturated and unsaturated cases were tested. According to the model, at the intermediate moisture (150%), much lower methane production occurred because of full-time inhibition of aceticlastic methanogens. At the lowest moisture, methane production was very low because most likely hydrolysis was seriously inhibited. Simulations showed that during cardboard and office paper biodegradation at 55 °C, non-aceticlastic syntrophic oxidation by acetate-oxidizing syntrophs and hydrogenotrophic methanogens were the dominant methanogenic pathways. 相似文献
87.
88.
Matichenkov Vladimir V. Bocharnikova Elena A. Pakhnenko Ekaterina P. Khomiakov Dmitry M. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(31):24311-24317
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The poor adsorption capacity of sandy soils is one of the primary reasons of a high level of phosphorus (P) leaching. Silicon (Si)-rich soil... 相似文献
89.
Effects of productivity on biodiversity in forest ecosystems across the United States and China
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Conservation biology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
In the global campaign against biodiversity loss in forest ecosystems, land managers need to know the status of forest biodiversity, but practical guidelines for conserving biodiversity in forest management are lacking. A major obstacle is the incomplete understanding of the relationship between site primary productivity and plant diversity, due to insufficient ecosystem‐wide data, especially for taxonomically and structurally diverse forest ecosystems. We investigated the effects of site productivity (the site's inherent capacity to grow timber) on tree species richness across 19 types of forest ecosystems in North America and China through 3 ground‐sourced forest inventory data sets (U.S. Forest Inventory and Analysis, Cooperative Alaska Forest Inventory, and Chinese Forest Management Planning Inventory). All forest types conformed to a consistent and highly significant (P < 0.001) hump‐shaped unimodal relationship, of which the generalized coefficients of determination averaged 20.5% over all the forest types. That is, tree species richness first increased as productivity increased at a progressively slower rate, and, after reaching a maximum, richness started to decline. Our consistent findings suggest that forests of high productivity would sustain few species because they consist mostly of flat homogeneous areas lacking an environmental gradient along which a diversity of species with different habitats can coexist. The consistency of the productivity–biodiversity relationship among the 3 data sets we examined makes it possible to quantify the expected tree species richness that a forest stand is capable of sustaining, and a comparison between the actual species richness and the sustainable values can be useful in prioritizing conservation efforts. 相似文献
90.
K. Milenova I. Avramova A. Eliyas V. Blaskov I. Stambolova Nikoleta Kassabova 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(21):12249-12256
Activated ZnO powder has been prepared by procedures involving first its dissolution in nitric acid, then simultaneous treatment by adding NH4OH and CO2 bubbling leading to precipitation as Zn(OH)CO3 (ZH) and further thermal decomposition of ZH at 400 °C. The gas evolution leads to formation of pores and increase in the specific surface area. Chemically activated M/ZnO powders doped with Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, and Ag have been obtained by the impregnation method. The samples have been characterized by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance (DR) UV-Vis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), single point Brunauer–Emmet–Teller (BET), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) methods. The experiments have shown that metal-doped activated ZnO powders possess higher photocatalytic activities in oxidative discoloration of model contaminant textile coloring dye Reactive Black 5 in slurry reactor compared to that of the pure ZnO. The XRD and XPS data have shown the presence of defects, nonstoichiometricity implying the formation of solid solutions. Copper-doped (1.5 wt%) activated ZnO (Cu2+ replaces Zn2+) is outstanding in its photocatalytic performance in discoloration of the dye due to the higher specific surface area and improved charge carrier separation. 相似文献