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31.
Ingrid Jüttner P. James Chimonides Steve J. Ormerod 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,162(1-4):47-65
Periphytic diatoms were studied to evaluate the water quality of a newly created lake, formed by the enclosure of the formerly tidal Cardiff Bay (Wales, UK), and the effects of two inflowing rivers which drain densely populated and industrialised catchments. Seven sites in Cardiff Bay and two locations on the inflowing rivers were monitored for diatoms and water chemistry over 2 years. Water quality was assessed using a revised UK trophic diatom index (TDI) and new methods to determine ecological quality ratios and ecological status classes as required by the EU Water Framework Directive. Diatom assemblages reflected spatiotemporal variations in environmental conditions between the rivers and Cardiff Bay and within the bay. In the bay, diatoms reflected differences in river quality and possibly local pollution in certain areas of the lake. High values of the TDI indicated eutrophic to hypertrophic conditions in both rivers and in the bay and diatoms indicated poor ecological status. 相似文献
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33.
Karen R. Hall Jean Spooner Robert J. Richardson Steve T. Hoyle Douglas J. Frederick 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2014,50(3):533-542
Microstegium vimineum is an invasive grass introduced from Asia that has spread throughout riparian areas of the eastern United States threatening native riparian vegetation. Postemergence (POST) herbicides registered for aquatic use were evaluated for control of M. vimineum on two riparian restoration sites in the Piedmont and Upper Coastal Plain of North Carolina. This study found that standard and lower than standard rates of diquat, fluridone, flumioxazin, glyphosate, imazamox, and imazapyr reduced weed stem density and biomass at 6 and 30 weeks after treatment (WAT). Both rates of bispyribac and penoxsulam provided less control of M. vimineum. Visual ratings showed both rates of diquat, flumioxazin, imazamox, and imazapyr controlled 63‐100% of M. vimineum at 6 WAT and 84‐100% at 30 WAT. Fluridone and glyphosate provided slightly less control. Bispyribac and penoxsulam treatments provided less control at 6 and 30 WAT compared to the other treatments. Plots treated with both rates of diquat, flumioxazin, imazamox, and imazapyr were nearly devoid of all vegetation at 30 WAT. Recommendations include POST application of lower than standard rates of diquat, flumioxazin, fluridone, glyphosate, imazamox, and imazapyr on riparian restoration sites infested with M. vimineum. Immediate vegetation management measures including temporary and permanent plant cover should be employed on treated sites where weeds are completely eradicated to prevent erosion. 相似文献
34.
Colin Scott Steve E. Lewis Rob Milla Matthew C. Taylor Andrew J.W. Rodgers Geoff Dumsday Jon E. Brodie John G. Oakeshott Robyn J. Russell 《Journal of environmental management》2010,91(10):2075-2078
Herbicide contamination from agriculture is a major issue worldwide, and has been identified as a threat to freshwater and marine environments in the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area in Australia. The triazine herbicides are of particular concern because of potential adverse effects, both on photosynthetic organisms and upon vertebrate development. To date a number of bioremediation strategies have been proposed for triazine herbicides, but are unlikely to be implemented due to their reliance upon the release of genetically modified organisms. We propose an alternative strategy using a free-enzyme bioremediant, which is unconstrained by the issues surrounding the use of live organisms. Here we report an initial field trial with an enzyme-based product, demonstrating that the technology is technically capable of remediating water bodies contaminated with the most common triazine herbicide, atrazine. 相似文献
35.
Gyamfi Bright Akwasi Sarpong Steve Yaw Bein Murad A. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(9):11016-11029
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The debate on ecological matters that relate to the biomass emissions nexus has gained prominence and different scholars have suggested various forms... 相似文献
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37.
Page D Miotliński K Dillon P Taylor R Wakelin S Levett K Barry K Pavelic P 《Journal of environmental management》2011,92(10):2410-2418
A changing climate and increasing urbanisation has driven interest in the use of aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) schemes as an environmental management tool to supplement conventional water resources. This study focuses on ASR with stormwater in a low permeability fractured rock aquifer and the selection of water treatment methods to prevent well clogging. In this study two different injection and recovery phases were trialed. In the first phase ~1380 m(3) of potable water was injected and recovered over four cycles. In the second phase ~3300 m(3) of treated stormwater was injected and ~2410 m(3) were subsequently recovered over three cycles. Due to the success of the potable water injection cycles, its water quality was used to set pre-treatment targets for harvested urban stormwater of ≤ 0.6 NTU turbidity, ≤ 1.7 mg/L dissolved organic carbon and ≤ 0.2 mg/L biodegradable dissolved organic carbon. A range of potential ASR pre-treatment options were subsequently evaluated resulting in the adoption of an ultrafiltration/granular activated carbon system to remove suspended solids and nutrients which cause physical and biological clogging. ASR cycle testing with potable water and treated stormwater demonstrated that urban stormwater containing variable turbidity (mean 5.5 NTU) and organic carbon (mean 8.3 mg/L) concentrations before treatment could be injected into a low transmissivity fractured rock aquifer and recovered for irrigation supplies. A small decline in permeability of the formation in the vicinity of the injection well was apparent even with high quality water that met turbidity and DOC but could not consistently achieve the BDOC criteria. 相似文献
38.
Habibiandehkordi Reza Lobb David A. Sheppard Steve C. Flaten Don N. Owens Philip N. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(22):18372-18382
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Vegetated buffer strips (VBSs) are widely encouraged as a cost-effective strategy to address phosphorus (P) pollution associated with agricultural... 相似文献
39.
Kondolf GM Angermeier PL Cummins K Dunne T Healey M Kimmerer W Moyle PB Murphy D Patten D Railsback S Reed DJ Spies R Twiss R 《Environmental management》2008,42(6):933-945
Despite increasingly large investments, the potential ecological effects of river restoration programs are still small compared
to the degree of human alterations to physical and ecological function. Thus, it is rarely possible to “restore” pre-disturbance
conditions; rather restoration programs (even large, well-funded ones) will nearly always involve multiple small projects,
each of which can make some modest change to selected ecosystem processes and habitats. At present, such projects are typically
selected based on their attributes as individual projects (e.g., consistency with programmatic goals of the funders, scientific
soundness, and acceptance by local communities), and ease of implementation. Projects are rarely prioritized (at least explicitly)
based on how they will cumulatively affect ecosystem function over coming decades. Such projections require an understanding
of the form of the restoration response curve, or at least that we assume some plausible relations and estimate cumulative
effects based thereon. Drawing on our experience with the CALFED Bay-Delta Ecosystem Restoration Program in California, we
consider potential cumulative system-wide benefits of a restoration activity extensively implemented in the region: isolating/filling
abandoned floodplain gravel pits captured by rivers to reduce predation of outmigrating juvenile salmon by exotic warmwater
species inhabiting the pits. We present a simple spreadsheet model to show how different assumptions about gravel pit bathymetry
and predator behavior would affect the cumulative benefits of multiple pit-filling and isolation projects, and how these insights
could help managers prioritize which pits to fill. 相似文献
40.
Steve A. Mizell Richard H. French 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1995,31(3):447-461
ABSTRACT: Historically ephemeral washes in the Las Vegas Valley have become perennial streams in the urbanized area, and the primary source of these perennial flows appears to be the overirrigation of ornamental landscaping and turf. Overirrigation produces direct runoff to the washes via the streets and results in high ground water levels in some areas. Elevated ground water levels result in discharge to the washes because of changes in the natural balance of the hydrologic system and construction site and foundation dewatering. In recognition of the resource potential of these flows within the Las Vegas Valley, of the potential for dry weather flows to convey pollutants from the Valley to Lake Mead, and of the need to characterize dry weather flows under the stormwater discharge permit program, the quantity and quality of dry weather flow in Flamingo Wash was investigated during the period September 1990 through May 1993. This paper focuses on the resource potential of the flow (quantity and quality) as it relates to the interception and use of this water within the Valley. Economic and legal issues associated with the interception and use of this resource are not considered here. 相似文献