Presence of Torque Teno Virus (TTV) in Tap Water in Public Schools from Southern Brazil

Torque teno virus (TTV) was surveyed in tap water collected in schools from three municipalities located in the south of Brazil. TTV genomes were found in 11.7 % (4/34) of the samples. TTV DNA was detected in 10.5 % (2/19) of the samples collected at the city of Caxias do Sul and in 25 % (2/8) of the samples from Pelotas. Those cities have a low rate of sewage treatment. All samples from Santa Cruz do Sul, which has nearly 92 % of its sewage treated, were negative. These results suggest that the amount of sewage treated may have an effect on the detection rates of TTV DNA in drinking water in a given urban area, showing a mild negative correlation (r = ?0.76), when comparing the percentage of sewage treatment to the detection of TTV genomes. The detection rate of TTV was also compared with Escherichia coli, showing a strong correlation (r = 0.97), indicating that TTV may be a suitable marker of fecal contamination.     

紫外分光光度法测定大米中微量元素硒的含量

以市售大米为检测对象,采用凯氏烧瓶消解-紫外分光光度法测定了样品中微量元素硒的含量。结果表明:富硒大米、五常大米、白城大米、泰国香米及龙江县大米的含硒量分别为:0.258、0.054、0.051、0.033、0.045mg/kg(干基)。富硒大米的硒含量明显高于普通大米。标准曲线的相关系数r为0.9998,加标回收率在98.6%～102.7%之间,精密度RSD为2.25%,因此该法具有灵敏度高、稳定性好、工作曲线线性关系好的显著优点,可用于大米中微量元素硒的测定。     

河南省产业结构演化及其生态环境效应分析

文章分析了河南省产业发展轨迹以及不同产业发展对生态环境的影响,利用不同产业的生态环境影响指数计算了1980年以来该省产业结构演化的生态环境效应,得出河南省产业转型轨迹与产业转型引起的生态环境效应轨迹在变化趋势上存在着一致性、产业转型对生态环境的影响滞后于产业转型等结论,并提出一些基于生态环境保护的河南省经济持续发展的长效产业政策。     

T型氧化沟工艺处理低碳源生活污水的效果研究

详细介绍了T型氧化沟工艺的特征,并考察研究了该工艺处理低碳源生活污水的长期运行效果。研究结果表明,工艺出水COD、BOD5、NH3-N、TN和TP年平均浓度分别为13.9、3.8、0.91、18.80和1.67 mg/L,去除率分别为88.99%、94.37%、96.74%、37.57%和41.58%,均能达到相应的排放标准。由于T型氧化沟中以好氧环境为主,缺乏厌氧和缺氧环境以及进水的BOD5/TN值低,工艺对有机物及NH3-N的去除效果较好,但TN和TP去除效果较低。提出了加强工艺脱氮除磷的措施,为同类型污水处理厂改造提供参考。     

河道溢油事故环境风险评价中若干关键问题探讨

河道溢油事故已成为内河道突发性水环境污染的主要问题之一,尤其水源地突发性污染事件日益增多,对社会、经济和河道生态环境造成严重的不良影响。新建的水上项目必须通过溢油风险评价来分析项目建设投产后对周边的环境影响,目前溢油风险评价尚无统一的方法,且风险分析不够深入。本文基于国内外经典的油膜动力学模型及统计学等理论,明确溢油事故环境风险评价中事故源强、事故概率、溢油油膜影响范围、风险应急时间以及水厂吸水口关闭时间等几个关键问题的分析方法,以期进一步提高河道溢油事故的环境风险评价水平。     

论民初我国救灾之主要特征

民国初年我国救灾的主要特征有三:一是救灾主体多元化,这可从阶层、国籍、职业、身份等方面看出,总体上又可划分为政府和社会力量两个方面。至于救灾效能,无论是政府还是社会救济力量均存在着或多或少的局限性。二是短效机制占主导,这可从救灾因素之临设性、救灾甚于防灾两点看出。三是社会过渡性彰显,无论是思想,还是机构、制度,都呈现出明显的新旧交错性,即社会过渡性。     

基于事故统计分析的城市轨道交通运营安全和可靠性研究

本文通过对城市轨道交通运营事故的统计分析,研究了影响轨道交通运营安全和可靠性的主要因素,并构建了城市轨道交通运营安全保障体系,以为提高轨道交通运营安全和可靠性的研究提供依据。     

电催化氧化法处理阳离子染料废水的试验研究

以结晶紫作为阳离子染料,采用电催化氧化法对阳离子染料溶液进行了电解脱色处理试验,研究了电流密度、电解质种类、电解质浓度、pH值等对该溶液脱色率的影响,测定了电解时溶液中生成的余氯浓度和溶液的紫外-可见吸收光谱曲线,并对不同电解时间的溶液的吸光度进行了归一化计算。结果表明:随着电解时间的延长,水溶液中活性氯浓度不断上升,经一定时间后达到最大值;在电催化和活性氯的协同作用下,阳离子染料结晶紫分子中的大π共轭体系被破坏、苯环结构基本瓦解,溶液快速脱色;在电流密度为5.1mA/cm2、NaCl浓度为4g/L、pH值为9.41的条件下,初始浓度为100mg/L的结晶紫溶液经过20min的电解,其脱色率可高达98.31%。     

The theory of planned behavior as mediator of the effect of parental supervision: a study of intentions to violate driving rules in a representative sample of adolescents

INTRODUCTION: The study reported here was designed to test the ability of the theory of planned behavior to mediate the effect of parental supervision on adolescents' intentions to violate driving rules. METHOD: A representative sample of 1,654 adolescents completed questionnaires during individual and anonymous interviews carried out at their schools. RESULTS: Results showed that age, gender, prior risky driving-behavior, and parental supervision significantly predict intentions to violate driving rules. Attitude and the subjective norm partially mediate the effect of age, prior behavior, and parental supervision. Perceived behavioral control does not predict intention and is not predicted by other variables. IMPACT: The results suggest that social cognitive variables partially mediate the effect of parenting practices such as supervision.     

Artiodactyls from the Pondaung Formation (Myanmar): new data and reevaluation of the South Asian Faunal Province during the Middle Eocene

Although Asia is thought to have played a critical role in the radiation of artiodactyls, the fossil record of stem selenodonts (“dichobunoids”) remains dramatically poor in tropical Asian regions. In this study, we report a new dichobunid genus and species Cadutherium kyaukmagyii and a new basal ruminant genus and species Irrawadymeryx pondaungi, from the late Middle Eocene Pondaung Formation, Central Myanmar. Although the scarcity of the present material prevents any attempts to investigate the phylogenetic relationships of Cadutherium with contemporaneous forms from other Holarctic landmasses, this new form shed new light on the diversity of these small rabbit-like ungulates during a key period of their evolutionary history. Reexamination of the small-bodied artiodactyls from Pondaung leads us to propose new identifications of certain published specimens and, in turn, to investigate the temporal and geographic distribution of taxa recognized in the Pondaung Formation. Although fragmentary, these potential new taxa reveal an unsuspected diversity of small forms among artiodactyls of Pondaung. This addition to the Eocene record of dichobunoids and early ruminants provides further insight in the diversity of dental patterns among small artiodactyls from the Pondaung Formation and attests to the antiquity of these groups in Southeast Asia.