固相微萃取-毛细管气相色谱法测定水中有机污染物

固相微萃取是一种快速、简便、集萃取浓缩于一体的样品前处理技术,具有分析快速、灵敏度高、无需有机溶剂的优点。用固相微萃取-毛细管气相色谱分析水中甲醇、丙酮、异丙醇、乙醇、乙腈、丙烯腈,检出限可达0.003～0.03mg/L。     

S-100 protein and neuron-specific enolase in amniotic fluid as markers of abdominal wall and neural tube defects in the fetus

The aim of this study was to determine whether there is increased leakage of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S-100 protein into amniotic fluid in pregnancies with neural tube defects, since both these proteins are produced by neural tissue, and to compare the value of these substances for detecting such defects with that of the more conventional techniques of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) gel electrophoresis. Amniotic samples from 25 mid-pregnancies (15–17 weeks' gestation) with neural tube defects (14 with open spina bifida and 11 with anencephaly) and from seven mid-pregnancies with abdominal wall defects were compared with a control material consisting of 80 amniotic fluid samples from 80 consecutive mid-pregnancy amniocenteses, with normal karyotypes and AFP concentrations. All of the above cases of abnormalities were primarily detected through increased AFP levels in the amniotic fluid. Amniotic fluid samples from 13 pregnancies with fetuses with autosomal chromosomal abnormalities and seven amniotic fluid samples contaminated with blood were also included in the investigation. It is concluded from the results that the conventional AFP assay combined with AChE gel electrophoresis is the best method for screening amniotic fluid for neural tube defects and defects of the abdominal wall. Neither NSE nor S-100 assay alone proved to be superior for the detection of these cases in mid-trimester amniotic fluid. The S-100 assay, however, could give additional information in cases where AChE gel electrophoresis is not decisive; for example, in samples contaminated with blood.     

脱硫用煤基吸附剂的试验研究

进行了以煤为原料制备脱硫用吸附剂的实验研究，其中应用炭化与活化的方法，以对ＳＯ２吸附能力为衡量标准，系统地考察了样品在制备过程中不同温度，不同温升速率及时间对ＳＯ２吸附分离能力的影响，力求找出相应的最佳处理过程，并对机理进行探讨。     

气提式循环反应器生物膜与游离活性污泥的对比试验探讨

通过对气提式循环反应器处理污水中载体生物膜和游离活性污泥的对比试验，分析指出：活性污泥有利于有机物的去除和混合液的沉降性；生物膜的存在，增加了生物量，提高了处理效率，且是硝化的主要原因     

废水中GaAs、Ga3+、Ge4+对活性污泥脱氢酶的影响及其抑制动力学

以活性污泥脱氢酶的活性作为毒性指标,研究了半导体材料GaAs、Ga³⁺、Ge⁴⁺对活性污泥活性的抑制影响,并用Hg²⁺作为参比材料;同时对抑制动力学也作了初步研究。实验表明,GaAs、Ga³⁺、Ge⁴⁺及Hg²⁺的10％抑制浓度分别为45.00,371.63,0.13ppm/gMLSS,GaAs、Ga³⁺、Ge⁴⁺和Hg²     

甲氰菊酯在土壤中的降解与移动性

采用模拟试验和田间试验相结合的方法,研究了甲氰菊酯在南方菜地土壤中的降解和移动.得出了一些基本数据,为甲氰菊酯在菜地(旱地)生态中的安全使用,提出了合理的评价.     

First-trimester prenatal diagnosis of severe alpha-thalassemia

By means of chorion biopsy together with restriction endonuclease analysis of fetal DNA, first trimester diagnoses were successfully made in 33 fetuses at risk for Bart's hydrops fetalis. Seven pregnancies with Hb H or hydrops fetalis were therapeutically terminated before 4 months of gestation. Of the 26 pregnancies intended to continue, 18 have come to term with normal deliveries; one with threatened abortion was terminated at the end of the first trimester and, seven are progresssing normally.