土地政策参与宏观调控手段的完善

土地政策参与宏观调控是在特定经济背景下提出的.随着时间的推移和经济环境的变化,土地政策在h参与宏观调控的过程中也应做出相应的调整.列举了新经济背景下土地调控手段存在主次错位、刚性不强、缺乏有效配合等一系列问题,针对这些问题提出了在土地政策参与宏观调控的过程中要增加地土经济手段的运用、推动土地政策法律化和增强部门间协调配合等相关对策与建议.     

矿区生态环境遥感监测数据库系统设计与实现

以肥城矿区为背景,基于Personal Geodatabase模型构建了空间数据库,采用C#作为开发语言,借助ArcGIS Engine的控件开发了矿区生态环境遥感监测数据库系统.根据数据获取方式不同,将空间数据库分为基础地理数据库、专题数据库、实地监测数据库和表格数据库4部分,系统实现了矿区空间数据和属性数据的统一存储和管理,多时相遥感数据的对比分析,水质、土壤湿度的动态监测,矿区各类地物面积的统计分析等功能.     

青海湖湿地生态旅游资源开发刍议

青海湖湿地是中国国际重要湿地中面积最大、建立最早的湿地之一,但由于开发不当,环境保护意识淡薄,其独特的湿地生态旅游资源景观破坏严重;缺乏湿地保护管理的协调运行机制,导致湿地生态旅游资源的脆弱性,因此处理好青海湖湿地生态旅游资源开发和保护是一个重要的课题。分析了青海湖湿地生态旅游资源开发的开发现状,针对开发利用中的不足提出了促进青海湖湿地生态旅游健康发展的对策。     

砷污染土壤柠檬酸萃取修复技术研究

伴随着砷工业的发展,含砷化学品引发的重大环境污染事故时有发生。一般砷污染事件发生后,土壤是其最直接的受害者,有必要寻找一种快速且行之有效的方法对砷污染土壤进行控制修复。针对此问题,通过实验探讨了柠檬酸萃取修复砷污染土壤的效果,研究了柠檬酸浓度、液土比、萃取时间及土壤共存离子对柠檬酸萃取砷的效果的影响,为砷污染土壤的治理提供依据。结果表明,柠檬酸是一种高效的砷萃取剂;随着柠檬酸浓度、液土比、萃取时间的增加,砷的萃取率均有所升高;当柠檬酸摩尔浓度为0.25 mol/L、液土比为20 mL/g、萃取时间为21 h时,柠檬酸对砷的萃取率达到最高值(70.58%);土壤中共存的PO43-、Zn2+、Fe2+,由于其竞争作用,能使柠檬酸对砷的萃取率降低。     

电厂袋式除尘器滤袋故障分析及处理

以北京高井热电厂为对象,运用故障树分析的方法,对袋式除尘器及滤袋失效进行了故障树分析,并将之演变为成功树,提出了防止滤袋失效的措施。     

污泥含炭吸附剂对挥发性有机废气吸附实验研究

研究了污泥含炭吸附剂对挥发性有机污染物的吸附特性。结果表明,污泥含炭吸附剂对苯系物的吸附为典型的物理吸附,其吸附甲苯等温线的类型系优惠型吸附等温线,表明具有良好的吸附能力;在吸附反应温度为20℃,气体流量为500 mL/m in(停留时间为0.424 s),甲苯浓度为2 700 mg/m3时,甲苯的饱和吸附容量为150.0 mg/g;同时,研究表明污泥含炭吸附剂对苯系物的饱和吸附容量和吸附强弱次序为二甲苯甲苯苯。结果表明污泥含炭吸附剂适合对中低浓度有机废气的吸附净化。     

超声协同TiO_2光催化降解4,4′-二溴联苯

以纳米TiO2膜为光催化剂,对4,4′-二溴联苯水溶液进行了超声光催化(US+UV)、光催化(UV)和超声(US)降解,探讨了初始浓度、超声的声强和频率等对降解4,4′-二溴联苯的影响。结果表明,4,4′-二溴联苯的超声光催化降解存在协同效应,降解率随4,4′-二溴联苯初始浓度的增大而下降,随声强和频率的增大而增大。超声光催化过程符合一级动力学方程,反应数率常数为0.011 min-1。超声光催化与光催化的降解产物不同。     

基于品牌创建模型的主题公园可持续发展研究

通过对主题公园研究文献的综述分析,指出主题公园研究中品牌化研究较为匮乏.而中国主题公园近二十年的发展历程表明,主题公园存在的生命周期短暂性现象的主要原因是缺乏品牌创新.从生命周期及可持续发展的视角,提出了以品牌为核心的主题公园运营模式,以此为指导构建了包括概念层、主体层以及基础层三个层面的主题公园品牌创建模型,即通过对动态市场的研究,设计、宣传和推广自身的原创品牌,在获得相应的品牌价值之后,将品牌价值向外延伸,通过系统内各部分的紧密合作,获得主题公园可持续发展的内在驱动力.最后,着重从原创品牌的构建、品牌价值的延伸和保障因素兰方面,提出了基于品牌创建模型的主题公园可持续发展策略.该策略表明:主题公园必须在丰厚的文化内涵和更高的游客体验价值基础上强化自身品牌的构建和发展,在品牌站稳于市场时要适当适度地进行品牌价值延伸,这才能保证主题公园经营的可持续发展.     

Occurrence, distribution, and sources of six phenolic endocrine disrupting chemicals in the 22 river estuaries around Dianchi Lake in China

The objectives of this study are to track the occurrence, distribution, and sources of phenolic endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in the 22 rivers around Dianchi Lake in China, to estimate the input and output amounts of phenolic EDCs in the water system, and to provide more comprehensive fundamental data for risk assessment and contamination control of phenolic EDCs in aquatic environment. Six phenolic EDCs were systematically evaluated in water and surface sediment in the estuaries of those rivers. The water and sediment samples were preconcentrated by solid-phase extraction system and microwave-assisted extraction system, respectively. Phenolic EDCs were analyzed by GC-MS (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) after derivatization. Phenolic EDCs were found ubiquitously in the aquatic environment. The total concentrations ranged from 248 to 4,650 ng/L in water, and 113 to 3,576 ng/g dry weight in surface sediment. The residue amount of phenolic EDCs in Dianchi Lake was 258 kg/a. Concentrations of the phenolic EDCs in the Lake decreased with increase in distance to the estuaries of those rivers which run through urban and industrial areas. The rivers seriously contaminated by phenolic EDCs were Xin River, Yunliang River, Chuanfang River, Cailian River, Jinjia River, Zhengda River, and Daqing River which run through the old area of Kunming City. Satisfying correlations were observed between the concentrations of the target compounds in water and in surface sediment. NP1EO, NP2EO, and BPA were identified as the three predominant phenolic EDCs. There were significant correlations between phenolic EDCs and many basic water quality parameters. Urban and industrial areas are the major contributors for phenolic EDCs, especially in Kunming City. Compositional profiles of phenolic EDCs in surface sediment were similar to those in river water. The concentrations of phenolic EDCs in the rivers located in the northwest part of the valley were very high, and posed a potential risk to aquatic organisms and even human. The concentrations of NP2EO, NP1EO, and BPA were at moderate levels of other areas. The basic water quality parameters (TOC, TN, DO, and pH) play important roles on the distribution, fate, and behavior of phenolic EDCs in the valley.     

超临界水氧化处理煤气化废水的响应面优化

采用响应面法对超临界水氧化处理煤气化废水的工艺参数进行了优化.运用中心复合设计,建立了COD、NH3-N去除率与温度、压强、氧化系数、反应时间4因素的二次回归模型,分析了各因素的显著性及交互作用.结果表明,各因素对COD、NH3-N去除率影响大小为:温度＞氧化系数＞反应时间＞压强.温度和氧化系数对COD去除率交互影响显著;温度和氧化系数、温度和反应时间、氧化系数和反应时间对NH3-N去除率交互影响显著.以COD、NH3-N去除率最大化,温度最低为目标条件,获得试验范围内最佳工艺条件:温度520℃,压强27.00 MPa,氧化系数3.0,反应时间10 min.该条件下3次验证试验的COD、NH3-N平均去除率分别为99.92％、99.54％,与预测值99.89％、99.51％无显著差异,表明所建模型切实可行.