全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1305篇 |
免费 | 12篇 |
国内免费 | 16篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 48篇 |
废物处理 | 56篇 |
环保管理 | 186篇 |
综合类 | 255篇 |
基础理论 | 273篇 |
环境理论 | 2篇 |
污染及防治 | 325篇 |
评价与监测 | 105篇 |
社会与环境 | 78篇 |
灾害及防治 | 5篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 15篇 |
2022年 | 26篇 |
2021年 | 28篇 |
2020年 | 17篇 |
2019年 | 21篇 |
2018年 | 36篇 |
2017年 | 28篇 |
2016年 | 33篇 |
2015年 | 32篇 |
2014年 | 46篇 |
2013年 | 60篇 |
2012年 | 63篇 |
2011年 | 76篇 |
2010年 | 49篇 |
2009年 | 70篇 |
2008年 | 59篇 |
2007年 | 77篇 |
2006年 | 57篇 |
2005年 | 56篇 |
2004年 | 57篇 |
2003年 | 44篇 |
2002年 | 43篇 |
2001年 | 37篇 |
2000年 | 19篇 |
1999年 | 16篇 |
1998年 | 26篇 |
1997年 | 14篇 |
1996年 | 19篇 |
1995年 | 19篇 |
1994年 | 14篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 14篇 |
1991年 | 9篇 |
1990年 | 16篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 10篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 9篇 |
1984年 | 12篇 |
1983年 | 11篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1972年 | 4篇 |
1969年 | 3篇 |
1968年 | 4篇 |
1965年 | 4篇 |
1962年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1333条查询结果,搜索用时 453 毫秒
391.
Poplar (Populus deltoidesxnigra DN34) tissue cultures removed 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) from an aqueous solution in five days, reducing the toxicity of the solution from highly toxic Microtox EC value to that of the control. 1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (RDX) was taken up by the plant tissue cultures more slowly, but toxicity reduction of the solution was evident. The measurement of toxicity reduction of aqueous solutions containing TNT and RDX was performed using a novel methodology developed for use with the Microtox testing system. Radiolabeled TNT and RDX were used to confirm removal of explosives from hydroponic solutions containing plant tissue cultures and to verify that toxicity did not change in solutions where no plant cultures were present (positive controls). High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Liquid Scintillation Counter (LSC) measurements confirmed removal of TNT and RDX from solutions containing poplar plant tissue cultures and constancy of the plant-free controls. In addition, metabolites were identified in remediated solutions by HPLC, confirming the mechanism by which plants can remediate groundwater, surface water, and soil solutions. 相似文献
392.
This study evaluated the methodology of using existing, international data to calculate the intake of nutrients and contaminants via seafood consumption on a national level. This was done by combining French seafood consumption data with two different datasets. The results showed that a significant correlation was found between the results obtained by using different data sets and that a high percentage of the population was classified in the same category (above or below the intake reference values). As such, the general conclusion that can be drawn from the results: 'whether a part of the population does exceed the toxicological reference values for certain contaminants and whether a part of the population does not reach the recommended intake for certain nutrients' remains the same for the two approaches. Therefore, it can be concluded that the existing, international probability distributions are useful when aiming to perform a cost-effective risk benefit evaluation of seafood consumption on national or regional level. When this evaluation does indicate that more detailed results are needed because a certain health risk exists, it can be decided that it is worth to spend more time and money for the analyses of national samples in order to collect more detailed results. 相似文献
393.
Sampling method, storage and pretreatment of sediment affect AVS concentrations with consequences for bioassay responses 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
De Lange HJ Van Griethuysen C Koelmans AA 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,151(1):243-251
Sediment treatment and sediment storage may alter sediment toxicity, and consequently biotic response. Purpose of our study was to combine these three aspects (treatment-toxicity-biotic response) in one integrated approach. We used Acid Volatile Sulfide (AVS) concentrations as a proxy of the disturbance of the sediment. AVS and Simultaneously Extracted Metal (SEM) concentrations were compared to bioassay responses with the freshwater benthic macroinvertebrate Asellus aquaticus. Storage conditions and sediment treatment affected AVS but not SEM levels. AVS can be used as a proxy for sediment disturbance. The best way to pretreat the sediment for use in a bioassay in order to maintain initial AVS conditions was to sample the sediment with an Ekman grab, immediately store it in a jar without headspace, and freeze it as soon as possible. In a survey using seven different sediments, bioassay responses of A. aquaticus were correlated with SEM and AVS characteristics. 相似文献
394.
Nitrate and ammonium concentration in wet deposition detrimentally impacted a sensitive pollution indicator species irrespective of the nitrogen dose. 相似文献
395.
A.H.W. Beusen A.F. Bouwman P.S.C. Heuberger G. Van Drecht K.W. Van Der Hoek 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2008,42(24):6067-6077
Here we present an uncertainty analysis of NH3 emissions from agricultural production systems based on a global NH3 emission inventory with a 5×5 min resolution. Of all results the mean is given with a range (10% and 90% percentile). The uncertainty range for the global NH3 emission from agricultural systems is 27–38 (with a mean of 32) Tg NH3-N yr−1, N fertilizer use contributing 10–12 (11) Tg yr−1 and livestock production 16–27 (21) Tg yr−1. Most of the emissions from livestock production come from animal houses and storage systems (31–55%); smaller contributions come from the spreading of animal manure (23–38%) and grazing animals (17–37%). This uncertainty analysis allows for identifying and improving those input parameters with a major influence on the results. The most important determinants of the uncertainty related to the global agricultural NH3 emission comprise four parameters (N excretion rates, NH3 emission rates for manure in animal houses and storage, the fraction of the time that ruminants graze and the fraction of non-agricultural use of manure) specific to mixed and landless systems, and total animal stocks. Nitrogen excretion rates and NH3 emission rates from animal houses and storage systems are shown consistently to be the most important parameters in most parts of the world. Input parameters for pastoral systems are less relevant. However, there are clear differences between world regions and individual countries, reflecting the differences in livestock production systems. 相似文献
396.
Tudor TL Marsh CL Butler S Van Horn JA Jenkin LE 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2008,28(7):1209-1218
The quantities of waste generated by the healthcare sector in the United Kingdom (UK) have been shown to be amongst the highest in Europe. Based on a case study undertaken within the Cornwall NHS (National Health Service) in the UK, this paper reports on the results of waste minimisation trials. The schemes were able to achieve significant waste reductions in both clinical and domestic waste quantities. Indeed, a reduction in domestic bag waste in the range of 1.6-33.4%, with an average of 14.8% was realised. For clinical waste, the reduction ranged from 1.8% to 38.3%, at an average of 15.7%, with net cost benefits of nearly US$ 25,000 over the period of 1-3 years. The outcomes suggest that significant resource and financial efficiencies can be attained, but due to the many factors involved, there is a need to focus both on containment and logistics, as well as social factors for success. 相似文献
397.
398.
Arickx S Van Gerven T Knaepkens T Hindrix K Evens R Vandecasteele C 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2007,27(10):1422-1427
The leaching of heavy metals, such as copper, from municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) bottom ash is of concern in many countries and may inhibit the beneficial reuse of this secondary material. Previous studies have focused on the role of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on the leaching of copper. Recently, a study of the Energy Research Centre of The Netherlands (ECN) showed fulvic acid-type components to exist in the MSWI bottom ash leachates and to be likely responsible for the generally observed enhanced copper leaching. These findings were verified for a MSWI bottom ash (slashed circle 0.1-2 mm) fraction from an incinerator in Flanders. The filtered leachates were subjected to the IHSS fractionation procedure to identify and quantify the fractions of humic acid (HA), fulvic acid (FA) and hydrophilic organic carbon (Hi). The possible complexation of fulvic acid with other heavy metals (e.g., lead) was also investigated. The identified role of fulvic acids in the leaching of copper and other heavy metals can be used in the development of techniques to improve the environmental quality of MSWI bottom ash. Thermal treatment and extraction with a 0.2 M ammonium-citrate solution were optimized to reduce the leaching of copper and other heavy metals. The effect of these techniques on the different fractions of organic matter (HA, FA, Hi) was studied. However, due to the obvious drawbacks of the two techniques, research is focused on finding other (new) techniques to treat MSWI bottom ash. In view of this, particle size-based separation was performed to evaluate its effect on heavy metal leaching and on HA, FA and Hi in MSWI bottom ash leachates. 相似文献
399.
The simple, low molecular weight, azodye acid yellow 9 (AY9) is electrochemically treated in a suitable electrolytic cell using NaCl as a supporting electrolyte, carbon fleece as cathode and platinated titanium as anode. Samples from certain time periods of treatment are analysed. HPLC-UV chromatograms demonstrate the degradation of the initial azodye, while diode array detector (DAD) spectra give evidence concerning the aromaticity of the degradation products and tandem mass spectrometry (MS(2)) offer structural information on some final products. In order to distinguish cathodic and anodic processes, separated cells connected with electrolytic junction are used, clarifying the oxidative and reductive decomposition pathways of the studied azodye. Several intermediate products are identified in very low concentrations such as hydrazo-derivatives, chlorinated aromatic and aliphatic compounds as well as amino- and hydroxyl-products. Experiments in separated electrolytic cells show that azodye degradation proceeds mainly oxidatively, since cathodic action is extremely limited, while treatment in common cells results in complete decoloration and presence of degradation products in very low concentration. Finally, simple degradation mechanisms are suggested based on tandem mass spectrometric identification of several degradation products. 相似文献
400.
Lock K De Schamphelaere KA Becaus S Criel P Van Eeckhout H Janssen CR 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2007,147(3):626-633
A Biotic Ligand Model was developed predicting the effect of cobalt on root growth of barley (Hordeum vulgare) in nutrient solutions. The extent to which Ca(2+), Mg(2+), Na(+), K(+) ions and pH independently affect cobalt toxicity to barley was studied. With increasing activities of Mg(2+), and to a lesser extent also K(+), the 4-d EC50(Co2+) increased linearly, while Ca(2+), Na(+) and H(+) activities did not affect Co(2+) toxicity. Stability constants for the binding of Co(2+), Mg(2+) and K(+) to the biotic ligand were obtained: logK(CoBL)=5.14, logK(MgBL)=3.86 and logK(KBL)=2.50. Limited validation of the model with one standard artificial soil and one standard field soil showed that the 4-d EC50(Co2+) could only be predicted within a factor of four from the observed values, indicating further refinement of the BLM is needed. 相似文献