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131.
Mohamed Batal Isabelle Boudry Cécile Cléry-Barraud Stéphane Mouret Thierry Douki 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(2):260-276
Sulphur mustard (SM) is known as an efficient vesicating agent as well as a carcinogenic chemical. This warfare agent remains a threat for both civilians and militaries. DNA alkylation is one of the critical molecular pathways at the origin of the symptoms associated with SM exposure. SM forms monoadducts with guanine and adenine as well as a biadduct between two guanine bases. The aim of the present work is to determine the relative yields of these three lesions in DNA samples after SM exposure without using radiolabeled SM as in earlier works. For this purpose, we have developed a high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric method to simultaneously quantify the SM monoadducts and biadduct in the same DNA sample. We observed in isolated and cellular DNA that the guanine monoadduct was the predominant lesion, while the biadduct was present in twofold lower yield. The adenine monoadduct was generated in lowest amounts. The analytical approach was extended to 2?chloroethyl ethyl sulphide, a widely used SM analog. Again, the adenine adduct was much less frequent than the guanine derivative. The developed assay will allow performing studies involving large numbers of samples. 相似文献
132.
Griet Casteleyn Katharine M. Evans Thierry Backeljau Sofie D’hondt Victor A. Chepurnov Koen Sabbe Wim Vyverman 《Marine Biology》2009,156(6):1149-1158
Several marine holoplanktonic organisms show a high degree of geographically structured diversity for which it often remains
unclear to what extent this differentiation is due to the presence of cryptic taxa. For the genetically distinct diatom Pseudo-nitzschia pungens var. pungens, we used six microsatellite markers to investigate the spatial and temporal genetic composition in the heterogeneous Southern
Bight of the North Sea. Although our sampling area (ca. 100 km) comprised water bodies with different environmental conditions
(marine, estuary, saline lake) and different degrees of connectivity (from complete isolation to supposedly free exchange
between environments), no evidence of genetic differentiation was found. Expanding our sampling area (ca. 650 km), suggested
a homogenous population structure over even larger areas in the North Sea. Our results suggest that the population structure
of this diatom is mainly shaped by strong homogenizing effects of gene flow preventing genetic drift, even in water bodies
with limited connectivity.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
133.
Sophie Plumejeaud Amelia Paula Reis Virginie Tassistro Carla Patinha Yves Noack Thierry Orsière 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2018,40(1):127-144
Due to their behavioral characteristics, young children are vulnerable to the ingestion of indoor dust, often contaminated with chemicals that are potentially harmful. Exposure to potentially harmful elements (PHEs) is currently exacerbated by their widespread use in several industrial, agricultural, domestic and technological applications. PHEs cause adverse health effects on immune and nervous systems and can lead to cancer development via genotoxic mechanisms. The present study is an integrated approach that aims at assessing the genotoxicity of bioaccessible PHEs following ingestion of contaminated house dust. A multidisciplinary methodology associating chemical characterization of five house dust samples, extraction of the bioaccessible PHEs in gastric extracts by the unified BARGE method, determination of the bioaccessible fraction and in vitro genotoxicity of gastric extracts in adenocarcinoma gastric human (AGS) cells was developed. The five gastric extracts induced dose-dependent genotoxicity in AGS cells. Copper (bioaccessible concentration up to 111 mg/kg) was probably the prevalent PHE inducing primary DNA damage (up to 5.1-fold increase in tail DNA at 0.53 g/l of gastric extract). Lead (bioaccessible concentration up to 245 mg/kg) was the most prevalent PHE inducing chromosome-damaging effects (r = 0.55; p < 0.001 for micronucleated cells induction). The association of principal component analysis and Spearman’s correlations was decisive to understand the chromosome-damaging properties of the bioaccessible PHEs in AGS cells. This methodology could be used on a larger-scale study to provide useful information for science-based decision-making in regulatory policies, and a better estimation of human exposure and associated health risks. 相似文献
134.
Christel Thauvin-Robinet Thierry Rousseau Nicole Laurent Christine Durand Catherine Maingueneau Valérie Cormier-Daire Paul Sagot Laurence Faivre Annie Nivelon-Chevallier 《黑龙江环境通报》2002,22(8):710-714
We report here the fourth case of hypomandibular faciocranial dysostosis (HFD). The diagnosis was made at birth on the association of severe retrognathia, microstomia, severe hypoglossia with glossoptosis, persistent buccopharyngeal membrane, median cleft palate, bifid uvula, down-slanting palpebral fissures, short nose with anteverted nares, laryngeal hypoplasia, and low-set ears. A severe microstomia and micrognathia were detected by ultrasound at 31 weeks of gestation. Interestingly, even though the present case exhibits many facial dysmorphic features characteristic of HFD, craniosynostosis was absent. This report suggests that craniosynostosis is not mandatory for the diagnosis of this condition. Furthermore, we present a new argument for an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance for HFD. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
135.
To obtain data concerning the risk of leaching of acetochlor (2-chloro-2'-methyl-6'-ethyl-N-ethoxymethyl-acetanilide) and its major metabolites, ethanesulfonic acid (ESA) and oxanilic acid (OA), to ground water, we studied the fate of these products in two different soil types (luvisol and calcisol) under the same weather conditions. The metabolites were detected in the soils as early as 7 d after application, indicating a rapid onset of acetochlor degradation. Ethanesulfonic acid was predominant over OA in the calcisol, regardless of time or depth, whereas the ESA to OA ratio varied with both time and depth in the luvisol. The maximum depths at which they were detected were 60 to 70 and 10 to 20 cm for ESA and OA, respectively, in the luvisol, and 60 to 70 cm (maximum depth sampled) and 30 to 40 cm for ESA and OA, respectively, in the calcisol. Acetochlor was still detected in the surface layer of the two soils 344 d after its application, although the molecule was partially leached. The maximum depths at which acetochlor was detected (60-70 cm in the luvisol and 50-60 cm [maximum depth sampled] in the calcisol) were recorded during the first sampling 7 d after application. Acetochlor was not detected on later dates below the 30- to 40-cm layer in the calcisol or the 5- to 10-cm layer in the luvisol. The greater preferential flow in the luvisol, which would have favored leaching, might partially explain why the mass balances done 7 d after application were lower in the luvisol (approximately 26%) than in the calcisol (approximately 45%). 相似文献
136.
137.
Médoc V Rigaud T Motreuil S Perrot-Minnot MJ Bollache L 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2011,98(10):825-835
Although trophically transmitted parasites are recognized to strongly influence food-web dynamics through their ability to manipulate host phenotype, our knowledge of their host spectrum is often imperfect. This is particularly true for the facultative paratenic hosts, which receive little interest. We investigated the occurrence and significance both in terms of ecology and evolution of paratenic hosts in the life cycle of the fish acanthocephalan Pomphorhynchus laevis. This freshwater parasite uses amphipods as intermediate hosts and cyprinids and salmonids as definitive hosts. Within a cohort of parasite larvae, usually reported in amphipod intermediate hosts, more than 90% were actually hosted by small-sized fish. We demonstrated experimentally, using one of these fish, that they get infected through the consumption of parasitized amphipods and contribute to the parasite's transmission to a definitive host, hence confirming their paratenic host status. A better knowledge of paratenic host spectrums could help us to understand the fine tuning of transmission strategies, to better estimate parasite biomass, and could improve our perception of parasite subwebs in terms of host-parasite and predator-parasite links. 相似文献
138.
139.
Caquet T 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2006,141(1):54-59
In this study, the value of carbon (delta13C) and nitrogen (delta15N) stable isotope ratios were determined in nymphs of a top-predator, the common backswimmer (Notonecta glauca L.), collected in 18 m3 outdoor freshwater mesocosms used to assess the fate and ecotoxicological effects of a diphenyl ether herbicide, fomesafen, applied alone or in combination with Agral 90 (mixture of polyethoxylated derivatives of nonylphenol). Both treatments had a negative effect on delta13C values which may reflect changes in carbon fluxes across food webs in the treated ponds associated with a shift in phytoplankton structure. A decrease in delta15N values was observed in the nymphs collected in mixture-treated ponds, which was presumably due to an increase in the abundance of rotifers and Chironominae larvae in these ponds. These preliminary results indicate that stable isotope ratios may be used as shortcuts to detect qualitative or quantitative shifts in the structure of aquatic food webs caused by pollutants. 相似文献
140.
Cornu Jean-Yves Waterlot Christophe Lebeau Thierry 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(20):29226-29235
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Copper (Cu) contamination of soils may alter the functioning and sustainability of vineyard ecosystems. Cultivating Cu-extracting plants in vineyard... 相似文献