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11.
Removal of organic polyelectrolytes and their metal complexes by adsorption onto xonotlite 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Katsumata H Kaneco S Matsuno R Itoh K Masuyama K Suzuki T Funasaka K Ohta K 《Chemosphere》2003,52(5):909-915
Natural organic polyelectrolytes (humic and fulvic acids) and their metal complexes were removed by adsorption onto xonotlite. The removal percentages of humic and fulvic acids by xonotlite were approximately 80% and 30%, respectively. Humic acid removal from solution by adsorption onto xonotlite took place more readily than fulvic acid removal. The molecular weight distributions of the humic substances remaining in solution after adsorption with the xonotlite were measured with size exclusion chromatography. A comparison of molecular weight distributions demonstrated conclusively that large molecular weight components were adsorbed preferentially, indicating that adsorption efficiency depends on the number of functional groups of humic substances. Furthermore, the surface topography of the adsorbent was observed before and after adsorption by scanning electron microscopy. The calculated heat of adsorption was of 330 kJ mol(-1) which was evaluated from the Clapeyron-Clausius equation. Therefore, the adsorption type can be considered chemical. Since xonotlite can be easily synthesized and obtained at low cost, the adsorption method of humic and fulvic acids is superior to their precipitation. 相似文献
12.
Takashi A. Inoue Kiyoshi Asaoka Kazuaki Seta Daisuke Imaeda Mamiko Ozaki 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2009,96(3):355-363
The feeding behavior in nectar-feeding insects is triggered by a sugar-receptor response in contact chemosensilla. The contact
chemosensilla are distributed not only on tarsi and the outside of the proboscis but also on the inside of the food canal
in Lepidoptera. Although the chemosensilla inside the food canal are assumed to detect sweet taste during the passage of nectar
through the food canal, their electrophysiological function has received little attention. In the nectar-feeding Asian swallowtail
butterfly, Papilio xuthus (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae), we found 15- to 30-μm-long sensilla neatly lined up along the inside galea wall, which forms
the food canal in the proboscis. The receptor neurons of these sensilla responded to sucrose. We hypothesized that starch
and sucrose compete with each other for a taste receptor site on the sensilla. When we added starch and sucrose to the food-canal
sensilla, the electrophysiological responses of food-canal sensilla were inhibited in parallel with the food-sucking behavior
of the butterflies. These results suggest that the food-canal sensilla are involved in the behavioral control of nectar-sucking
in this butterfly species. 相似文献
13.
DABWAN Ahmed H A IMAI Daizo KANECO Satoshi SENMATSU Isamu NAKAHAMA Katsuyuki KATSUMATA Hideyuki SUZUKI Tohru OHTA Kiyohisa 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2008,20(2)
A sintering technology for preparing porous materials from sea bottom sediments was developed for use in water purification. The purpose of the present study was to develop methods for converting the sea bottom sediments dredged from Ago Bay into value-added recycled products. The sintered products fabricated at 400℃ were found to be very effective adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals. 相似文献
14.
Waste plastics recycling by an entrained-flow gasifier 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Takatoshi Shoji Kenjiro Shindoh Hironori Ozaki Atsushi Sodeyama 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2001,3(2):75-81
We studied an entrained-flow gasification process which efficiently converts waste plastics to energy at a high energy recovery
rate. Waste plastics, after being shredded to <8 mm or <14 mm, were fed into an entrained-flow gasifier with air and oxygen.
In the gasifier, organic substances were pyrolyzed, partially combusted, and then converted into synthetic gas (CO, H2) at a high temperature (over 1600 K). The clarified gasification characteristics were that the lower heat value (LHV) of
the product gas was over 4.2 MJ/Nm3 and the cold gas efficiency was approximately 60%. Other inert substances in the wastes such as ashes and metals were melted
into slag and condensed on bag filters. The bag filters and a water scrubber removed impurities such as dusts, heavy metals,
and hydrogen halides from the product gases. Solid hydrocarbons, which include char and soot, were removed at a hot cyclone
and on the bag filters.
Received: July 19, 2000 / Accepted: October 3, 2000 相似文献
15.
In the blowfly Phormia regina, exposure to d-limonene for 5 days during feeding inhibits proboscis extension reflex behavior due to decreasing tyramine
(TA) titer in the brain. TA is synthesized by tyrosine decarboxylase (Tdc) and catalyzed into octopamine (OA) by TA ?-hydroxylase
(Tbh). To address the mechanisms of TA titer regulation in the blowfly, we cloned Tdc and Tbh cDNAs from P. regina (PregTdc and PregTbh). The deduced amino acid sequences of both proteins showed high identity to those of the corresponding
proteins from Drosophila melanogaster at the amino acid level. PregTdc was expressed in the antenna, labellum, and tarsus whereas PregTbh was expressed in the head, indicating that TA is mainly synthesized in the sensory organs whereas OA is primarily synthesized
in the brain. d-Limonene exposure significantly decreased PregTdc expression in the antenna but not in the labellum and the tarsus, indicating that PregTdc expressed in the antenna is responsible
for decreasing TA titer. PregTdc-like immunoreactive material was localized in the thin-walled sensillum. In contrast, the
OA/TA receptor (PregOAR/TAR) was localized to the thick-walled sensillum. The results indicated that d-limonene inhibits PregTdc expression in the olfactory receptor neurons in the thin-walled sensilla, likely resulting in reduced TA levels in the receptor
neurons in the antenna. TA may be transferred from the receptor neuron to the specific synaptic junction in the antennal lobe
of the brain through the projection neurons and play a role in conveying the aversive odorant information to the projection
and local neurons. 相似文献
16.
Evaluation of recycling policies for PET bottles based on multiattribute utility indices 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study focused on waste plastic, especially the polyethylene telephthalate (PET) bottle as representative waste, which
has been assigned as goods to be recycled by the Packaging Waste Recycling Law in Japan. We developed a plastic transport
model which explained the entire flow of plastic from the production stage to the disposal stage within an the evaluation
model of plastic recycle policy based on multiattribute utility theory. This model is designed to be used by local municipal
governments in supporting the evaluation of the PET bottle recycling policy. In evaluating the plastics recycling policy,
we selected indices relating to economy, ecology, and rate of resource recycling. The results indicate that when the evaluation
of the material recycling policy and thermal recycling policy in the model city were characterized in terms of their economic
and environmental aspects the thermal recycling policy had the highest utility within our scenario.
Received: July 31, 1998 / Accepted: January 26, 1999 相似文献
17.
A cost-effective method with zero valent iron (ZVI) powder was developed for the purification of thiobencarb (TB)-contaminated water. The removal treatment was performed in the batch system. A sample solution of 10 ml containing 10 microg ml(-1) of TB could be almost completely treated by 100mg of ZVI at 25 degrees C for 12h of treatment time. Since the formation of chloride ion in the aqueous solution during the treatment of TB was observed, the removal of TB with ZVI may contain two processes: reduction (degradation) and adsorption. Because the present treatment for TB is simple, easy handling and cheap, the developed technology with ZVI can contribute to the treatment of agricultural wastewaters. 相似文献
18.
A comparative examination of the two procedures of the OECD Test Guideline: Water Solubility was undertaken using carbazole, fluoranthene, anthracene, hexachlorobenzene, p-nitroaniline and diphenylamine. The flask method was modified to provide for dissolution of the solute from the surface of glass beads. By the proposed flask method, one can accurately measure the water solubility down to the order of 10 μg/L as well as those of the order of %. The micro-column method, which requires a number of concentration determinations to ensure that a saturated solution has been obtained, is recommended for the solubility range of 10 mg/L through 10 μg/L. The flask method using the procedures described in this study, covers the range of solubility above 10 μg/L with only two determinations one being a simple preliminary test and the other a precise measurement. 相似文献
19.
Satellite Tracking of White-naped Crane Migration and the Importance of the Korean Demilitarized Zone 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Hiroyoshi Higuchi Kiyoaki Ozaki Go Fujita Jason Minton Mutsuyuki Ueta Masaki Soma Nagahisa Mita 《Conservation biology》1996,10(3):806-812
Satellite-tracking of 15 White-naped Cranes ( Grus vipio ) from their Japanese wintering grounds through the Korean Peninsula shows that there are four important regions for conserving migrant cranes: the Three Rivers Plain, the People's Republic of China; Lake Khanka, Russia; Kumya, North Korea; and—most importantly—the demilitarized zone of the Korean Peninsula. Two sites along the Korean demilitarized zone, Panmunch'om and Ch'olwon, were the most heavily used stopover sites, and they present complex international conservation challenges. Cranes stopped at these sites for up to 87.1% of their total migration time; cranes migrating to Zhalong Nature Reserve, China, made it their only lengthy stop. We report the migration routes and the importance of the identified stopover sites, and we outline conservation issues at those sites. 相似文献
20.
Haiyan Zhang Keishiro Hara Helmut Yabar Yohei Yamaguchi Michinori Uwasu Tohru Morioka 《Sustainability Science》2009,4(2):263-279
To decouple economic growth from environmental degradation, the Chinese government proposed the circular economy (CE) strategy
as part of its 11th 5-Year Plan. This strategy expands the application of CE from individual enterprises to eco-industrial
parks (EIPs) and to the cities, provinces, and regions. We carried out field studies in three EIPs in Baotou, Suzhou, and
Shanghai. In this paper, we discuss the current state of CE and the sustainable development of EIPs in China. We first provide
detailed information on the three EIPs' infrastructures, preferential policies, CE frameworks, and eco-chains. We then examine
the status of sustainable development in the three EIPs from the perspectives of socio-economic, resource and material efficiency,
and environmental performance. The results indicate that the overall performance of the three EIPs is reasonably good with
respect to socio-economics, resources and materials, and efficiency and environmental protection, whereas green management
is rather weak and thus requires further improvement. We found that the CE frameworks along with eco-chains within the EIPs
are effectively improving resource and material efficiency. Moreover, we demonstrate that there are positive associations
among socio-economic, resource and material, and environmental indicators. Given the large presence of EIPs in the local economies,
these results suggest that EIPs play a key role in promoting sustainable development in China. 相似文献