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41.
Geographical distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and organochlorines in small cetaceans from Asian waters 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kajiwara N Kamikawa S Ramu K Ueno D Yamada TK Subramanian A Lam PK Jefferson TA Prudente M Chung KH Tanabe S 《Chemosphere》2006,64(2):287-295
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are one of the flame retardants widely used in plastics, textiles, electronic appliances, and electrical household appliances. In this study, PBDEs and organochlorine compounds (OCs) were determined in the archived samples from the Environmental Specimen Bank for Global Monitoring (es-BANK) at Ehime University. The blubber of cetaceans found stranded along the coasts of Japan, Hong Kong, the Philippines and India during the period from 1990 to 2001 were employed for chemical analysis to understand the present status of contamination and the specific accumulation of PBDEs. PBDEs were detected in all the cetacean samples analyzed, and concentrations were one or two orders of magnitude lower than for PCBs and DDTs. Concentrations of PBDEs ranged from a low value of 6.0 ng/g lipid wt. in spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris) from India to a high value of 6000 ng/g lipid wt. in Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin (Sousa chinensis) from Hong Kong. No difference in PBDE levels between coastal and offshore species from Japan was observed, implying the existence of pollution sources in this region other than Japan. Highest concentrations of PBDEs were found in animals from Hong Kong, followed by Japan, and much lower levels from the Philippines and India, suggesting that developing nations may also have pollution sources of PBDEs. Geographical distribution of PBDEs in Asian waters was different from PCBs but similar to DDTs. 相似文献
42.
Groundwater is the major source of drinking water for the population in Malda district, West Bengal. Holocene sediments from Himalayas have contaminated those places through the river Ganges and arsenic was found a potential groundwater contaminant. Field and laboratory experiments were attempted to identify the relationship between arsenic versus Eh of groundwater and content specific elements (As, Co, Mn, Fe, C and S) in different types of Holocene sediments on a freshly constructed wells. Arsenic versus Eh of groundwater and Holocene clay over Holocene sand were found performing a major role in the aquifers of arsenic affected areas. 相似文献
43.
Rethinam Subramanian Pandiya rajan Retnamma Jyothibabu Nagarathinam Arunpandi Loganathan Jagadeesan Singaram Parthasarathi Chandrababu Vishnu 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(28):37262-37278
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study deals with the macrobenthic assemblages and the biotic environmental quality of Kochi backwaters (KBW), India. Due to the heavy river... 相似文献
44.
Sonthalia Ankit Garg Shivam Sharma Rishav Subramanian Thiyagarajan Kumar Naveen 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(10):11850-11859
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The exhaust emissions from the compression ignition engines are harmful to both human beings and the environment. After-treatment devices placed in... 相似文献
45.
Pollution due to persistent pesticides is not a regional but a global problem. Organochlorine pesticides are persistent chemicals, stored and accumulated in the tissues of a wide variety of invertebrates and vertebrates including marine species. In the present study the organochlorine residues HCHs, DDTs and PCBs were measured in different trophic groups of birds (scavengers, inland piscivores, coastal piscivores, insectivores, granivores and omnivores) collected from Tamil Nadu Coast, India. The residue accumulation as a function of sex did not depict distinct variation. However, females had lower residue levels than males in terms of their mean weight and feeding habits. A continuous monitoring programme is recommended to establish the studied organisms as indicator species. 相似文献
46.
47.
V. Subramanian V. G. Pangarkar A. A. C. M Beenackers 《Clean Products and Processes》2000,2(3):149-156
Dark adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of para-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA) was studied in the presence of Degussa P-25 titanium dioxide photocatalyst under concentrated solar radiation. This work includes the study of the effect of pH, and of the presence of different anions and cations on dark adsorption and photocatalytic degradation (PCD) of PHBA on titanium dioxide. The results obtained clearly indicate that there is a link between the extent of adsorption of PHBA and its PCD. Conditions that favor greater adsorption of PHBA also favor a greater PCD. This points to the possibility that the mechanism of PCD involves a surface reaction between adsorbed PHBA and OH ° radical. Anions were generally found to have a detrimental effect on the photocatalytic degradation of PHBA. Cl- caused the greatest decrease in the PCD followed by NO3-, HCO3- and SO42-. Cations Cu2+ and Fe2+ were not found to assist the degradation of PHBA, possibly due to the anions associated with them. 相似文献
48.
Kubota R Kunito T Agusa T Fujihara J Monirith I Iwata H Subramanian A Tana TS Tanabe S 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2006,8(2):293-299
Arsenic concentrations in hair and urine, and urinary levels of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a marker of oxidative DNA damage, were examined for inhabitants of the Mekong Basin in Kratie Province, Cambodia. Also, the arsenic levels of tube-well water were determined. Total arsenic concentrations in tube-well water ranged from <1 to 886 microg L(-1), and 44.8% of these exceeded the WHO drinking water guideline of 10 microg L(-1). Elevated levels of arsenic were observed in the human hair and urine, and also a significant positive correlation was observed between the concentrations in hair and urine. These results suggest that the inhabitants are chronically exposed to arsenic through drinking the tube-well water. Levels of urinary 8-OHdG were higher for the subjects with higher arsenic levels in hair and urine, suggesting that induction of oxidative DNA damage was caused by chronic exposure to arsenic in tube-well water for the inhabitants in Kratie Province. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the oxidative DNA damage caused by chronic exposure to arsenic in groundwater for the inhabitants in Cambodia. 相似文献
49.
Assessment of the impact of landfill on groundwater quality: A case study of the Pirana site in western India 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Singh UK Kumar M Chauhan R Jha PK Ramanathan A Subramanian V 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,141(1-3):309-321
In present study focus has been given on estimating quality and toxicity of waste with respect to heavy metals and its impact
on groundwater quality, using statistical and empirical relationships between different hydrochemical data, so that easy monitoring
may be possible which in turn help the sustainable management of landfill site and municipal solid waste. Samples of solid
waste, leachate and groundwater were analyzed to evaluate the impact of leachates on groundwater through the comparison of
their hydrochemical nature. Results suggest the existence of an empirical relationship between some specific indicator parameters
like heavy metals of all three above mentioned sample type. Further, K/Mg ratio also indicates three groundwater samples heavily
impacted from leachate contamination. A good number of samples are also showing higher values for and Pb than that of World Health Organization (WHO) drinking water regulation. Predominance of Fe and Zn in both groundwater
and solid waste samples may be due to metal plating industries in the area. Factor analysis is used as a tool to explain observed
relation between numerous variables in term of simpler relation, which may help to deduce the strength of relation. Positive
loading of most of the factors for heavy metal clearly shows landfill impact on ground water quality especially along the
hydraulic gradient. Cluster analysis, further substantiates the impact of landfill. Two major groups of samples obtained from
cluster analysis suggest that one group comprises samples that are severely under the influence of landfill and contaminated
leachates along the groundwater flow direction while other assorted with samples without having such influence. 相似文献
50.
Tomohiko Isobe Shohei P. Ogawa Rina Sugimoto Karri Ramu Agus Sudaryanto Govindan Malarvannan Gnanasekaran Devanathan Babu Rajendran Ramaswamy Natesan Munuswamy Deavaraj Sankar Ganesh Jeyaraj Sivakumar A. Sethuraman V. Parthasarathy Annamalai Subramanian Jennifer Field Shinsuke Tanabe 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(7):5627-5637
Perchlorate contamination was investigated in groundwater and surface water from Sivakasi and Madurai in the Tamil Nadu State of South India. Sensitive determination of perchlorate (LOQ?=?0.005 μg/L) was achieved by large-volume (500 μL) injection ion chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Concentrations of perchlorate were <0.005–7,690 μg/L in groundwater (n?=?60), <0.005–30.2 μg/L in surface water (n?=?11), and 0.063–0.393 μg/L in tap water (n?=?3). Levels in groundwater were significantly higher in the fireworks factory area than in the other locations, indicating that the fireworks and safety match industries are principal sources of perchlorate pollution. This is the first study that reports the contamination status of perchlorate in this area and reveals firework manufacture to be the pollution source. Since perchlorate levels in 17 out of 57 groundwater samples from Sivakasi, and none from Madurai, exceeded the drinking water guideline level proposed by USEPA (15 μg/L), further investigation on human health is warranted. 相似文献