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791.
基于WebGIS的哈尔滨市大气环境质量监测系统设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文章在总结和借鉴国内外环境监测信息化的先进经验和发展趋势基础上,通过对哈尔滨市大气环境质量监测地理信息系统的设计与研究,探讨在大气环境质量监测中结合信息技术特别是自动控制技术、数据库技术、GIS技术、网络通信技术,设计一套技术先进又切实可行的大气环境质量监测系统。 相似文献
792.
793.
Allelopathic inhibition on red tide microalgae Skeletonema costatum by five macroalgal extracts 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Zhen An Zhenyu Wang Fengmin Li Zhijia Tian Hongying Hu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2008,2(3):297-305
This study aims to identify effective antialgal allelochemicals from marine macroalgae that inhibit the growth of red tide
microalgae. Practically, new algicidal agents were developed to control red tide. The growth inhibitory effects of 5 marine
macroalgae Porphyra tenera, Laminaria japonica, Ulva pertusa, Enteromorpha clathrata, and Undaria pinnatifida on Skeletonema costatum were evaluated by adding crude seawater extracts of macroalgal dry tissue into the culture medium containing S. costatum. The half-effective concentrations at 120 h (EC50, 120 h) of the seawater extracts were 0.6, 0.9, 1.0, 1.0, and 4.7 g/L for the five macroalgae above, respectively. E. clathrata, L. japonica and U. pertusa showed strong allelopathic effect on the growth of S. costatum. There have been no previous reports with regard to the allelopathic effects of the former two macroalgae so far. The possible
allelochemicals of 21 compounds of the E. clathrata were detected using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Unsaturated fatty acids, acrylic acid (C3H4O2), and linolenic acid (C18H30O2) were the most likely allelochemicals in E. clathrata. 相似文献
794.
795.
796.
固定化微生物技术在废水处理中的应用 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
固定化微生物技术是一种高效的废水生物处理技术,具有能保持高效菌种,稳定性强,反应易于控制,污泥产生量少,能够去除高浓度有机物及难降解物质等优点。对载体的选择及常用的固定化方法进行了介绍,分析了各种方法与载体在应用中的优缺点。重点叙述了固定化微生物技术在含难降解有机物废水、含重金属离子废水、含高浓度有机废水、含氮含磷废水中的应用现状。但要实现其工业化,仍然有诸多问题需要解决,主要包括:固定化参数的建立、载体的选择、运行成本的削减等。 相似文献
797.
798.
CRT显示器玻壳中含有大量的铅,废旧CRT显示器玻壳被列为危险废物。采用4种浸提方法(水平振荡法(GB5086.2-1997)、翻转法(GB5086.1-1997)、硫酸硝酸法(HJ/T299-2007)、醋酸缓冲溶液法(HJ/T300-2007))研究CRT显示器玻壳中铅的浸出特性。同时探讨浸提液pH和pH缓冲能力、振荡方式、CRT玻壳颗粒粒径、液固比、浸提时间对CRT玻壳颗粒中的Pb浸出的影响。结果表明:上述4种方法浸提液中Pb的平均浓度分别为0.07、0.69、1.64、11.33 mg/L。随着醋酸缓冲液初始pH值从4.0升高到7.0,其浸提的Pb的含量呈现出逐渐下降的趋势。而去离子水的pH值低于5时,其浸提的Pb的含量才明显升高。Visual MINTEQ模型计算结果表明:在去离子水和硫酸硝酸混合液浸提过程中,主要以酸碱反应为主;而在醋酸缓冲液浸提过程中,以酸碱反应和络合反应为主。前3种浸提方法使用的浸提液类似于天然水环境或降水,其浸提的Pb浓度高于地下水环境质量III标准。第4种浸提方法模拟垃圾填埋场环境,其浸提的Pb的浓度高于工业固废最高容许浸出浓度。因此,废旧CRT玻壳无论填埋处置或直接进入土... 相似文献
799.
Treatment of coking wastewater by an advanced Fenton oxidation process using iron powder and hydrogen peroxide 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
In this study the treatment of coking wastewater was investigated by an advanced Fenton oxidation process using iron powder and hydrogen peroxide. Particular attention was paid to the effect of initial pH, dosage of H2O2 and to improvement in biodegradation. The results showed that higher COD and total phenol removal rates were achieved with a decrease in initial pH and an increase in H2O2 dosage. At an initial pH of less than 6.5 and H2O2 concentration of 0.3 M, COD removal reached 44-50% and approximately 95% of total phenol removal was achieved at a reaction time of 1 h. The oxygen uptake rate of the effluent measured at a reaction time of 1 h increased by approximately 65% compared to that of the raw coking wastewater. This indicated that biodegradation of the coking wastewater was significantly improved. Several organic compounds, including bifuran, quinoline, resorcinol and benzofuranol were removed completely as determined by GC-MS analysis. The advanced Fenton oxidation process is an effective pretreatment method for the removal of organic pollutants from coking wastewater. This process increases biodegradation, and may be combined with a classical biological process to achieve effluent of high quality. 相似文献
800.
This study examined the effects of copper exposure on embryonic development of Chinese toad, Bufo gargarizans. Firstly, the LC50 values from 24 to 96 h of exposure were 3.61 × 10−6 M, by means of a 4 d toxicity test with B. gargarizans embryos. Secondly, Chinese toad embryos were exposed to 10−9-10−6 M copper from mid gastrula stage to operculum completion stage. Measurements included mortality, tadpole weight, tadpole total length, growth retardation, duration of different embryo stages and malformation. Embryonic survival was not affected by copper. Relative to control tadpoles, significantly decreased weight and total length were found at 10-9-10-6 M reduced percentage of the embryos in right operculum stage after 10 d exposure to copper and reduced percentage of embryos in operculum completion stage after 12 d exposure to copper were also observed. Moreover, the duration of embryonic development increased at neural, circulation and operculum development stage in copper-treated groups. For the scanning microscope and histological observation, the abnormalities were malformation of wavy dorsal fin, flexural tail, curvature body axis, yolk sac oedema and reduced pigmentation in the yolk sac. Histopathological changes in olfactory, retinal epithelium and skin were also observed. DNA strand breaks exposed to the copper were analyzed by DNA ladder. In conclusion, copper induced toxic effects on B. gargarizans embryos. The present study indicated chronic toxicity tests may provide more accurate way in formulating the “safe levels” of heavy metals to amphibian. 相似文献