绿色建筑植物资源信息系统的构建及应用

在前期研究的基础上,应用计算机技术建立绿色建筑植物资源信息系统(Green Building Plant Resources Information System,GBPRIS),该系统包括植物基本特征数据库、植物生态功能数据库、植物群落数据库和评价体系数据库4个基础数据库.共收录500种植物和上海常见48个植物群落的信息,将植物的生物学特性、生态习性及各项生态功能信息规范化、数字化输入,降低了绿色建筑适生植物选择的专业性要求,并具有多途径搜索、快速查询文档和图片的功能,既能用于对现有绿化体系进行评价,有针对性地提出改进意见,也可用于对建筑室外绿化规划设计进行预评价,为绿色建筑的绿化配置提供科学参考.     

Estimation of the daily soil/dust (SD) ingestion rate of children from Gansu Province,China via hand-to-mouth contact using tracer elements

A total of 60 children (31 males and 29 females) between the ages of 3 and 12 years were randomly selected from Lanzhou City in Gansu Province, northwest China. Hand (soil/dust) SD samples from these children were collected using hand wipes. We determined the approximate amounts of hand SD and the concentrations of three tracer soil elements (Ce, Y, and V) in these samples. The approximate amounts of hand SD ranged from 42.28 to 173.76 mg, with a median value of 85.42 mg. In addition, the mean amounts of hand SD estimated using the concentrations of Ce, Y, and V in the samples were 4.63, 3.43, and 3.42 mg, respectively. The amount of hand SD varied greatly among the age groups: primary school children had more hand SD than kindergarten children, males had more hand SD than females, and children from rural areas had more hand SD than those from urban areas. The rates of daily ingestion of hand SD for kindergarten and primary school children were estimated to be 7.73 and 6.61 mg/day, respectively.     

Prediction of Particulate Loading in Exhaust from Fabric Filter Baghouses with One or More Failed Bags

Abstract

Loss of filtration efficiency in a fabric filter baghouse is typically caused by bag failure, in one form or another. The degree of such failure can be as minor as a pinhole leak or as major as a fully involved baghouse fire. In some cases, local air pollution regulations or federal hazardous waste laws may require estimation of the total quantity of particulate matter released to the environment as a result of such failures. In this paper, a technique is presented for computing the dust loading in the baghouse exhaust when one or more bags have failed. The algorithm developed is shown to be an improvement over a previously published result, which requires empirical knowledge of the variation in baghouse pressure differential with bag failures. An example calculation is presented for a bag-house equipped with 200 bags. The prediction shows that a small percentage of failed bags can cause a relatively large proportion of the gas flow to bypass the active bags, which, in turn, leads to high outlet dust loading and low overall collection efficiency from the baghouse.     

基于收益共享契约的集群供应链合作创新研究

探讨了集群供应链企业的供应链协同决策.通过建立一个由集群中的制造商和供应商组成的两级供应链,分析了制造商的市场力量对制造商和供应商的R&D活动和收益共享契约的影响.结果表明,集群中制造商市场力量过大会降低制造商的创新动力而增加供应商的创新动力,同时双方签订的收益共享契约决定制造商给供应商支付数额的收益共享系数也会降低.     

Simultaneous measurements of arsenic and sulfide using diffusive gradients in thin films technique (DGT)

Diffusive gradients in thin films technique (DGT) is a dynamically passive sampling technique which has been applied increasingly to the environmental monitoring field. In the preliminary period, the DGT with zirconium hydroxide-silver iodide as the binding phase (ZrO-AgI DGT) has been developed for the determination of sulfide (S(II)). On this basis, this paper developed its determination method for inorganic arsenite (As(III)) to further realize the simultaneous and high-resolution measurements of labile inorganic As and S(II) in sediments. ZrO-AgI binding gel had a strong ability in adsorbing and fixing As(III), showing a linear increase in the initial 12.5 min. After saturation of S(II) on ZrO-AgI binding gel, the adsorption rate and adsorption capacity of As(III) reduced by 8 and 14%, respectively. A stable elution rate (89.1 ± 2.2%) was obtained by extraction of As(III) on the binding gel using a mixture solution of 1.0 M NaOH and 1.0 M H₂O₂ (1:1). The DGT capacity of As(III) determined by the ZrO-AgI DGT was 23.6 μg cm^?2. DGT uptakes of As(III) were independent of pH (4.0–9.0) and ionic strength (0.01–100 mM), and they did not interfere with each other during the uptake process. Simultaneous measurements of labile As and S(II) in four sediment cores of Taihu Lake (China) with ZrO-AgI DGT showed that they had similarly vertical distributions in the top 16-mm layer in one core and in the whole profile up to the 35 mm depth in two cores. It likely reflected a simultaneous release of As and S(II) in sediments by synchronous reduction of As-hosted oxidized iron and sulfate, respectively. The simultaneous decreases of labile As and S(II) from their co-precipitation (e.g., As₂S₃) were not obvious in deeper sediment layer through the measurement with ZrO-AgI DGT.     

Nutrient removal from biogas slurry and biogas upgrading by microalgae-fungi-bacteria co-cultivation under different carbon nanotubes concentration

In this study, Chlorella vulgaris, Ganoderma lucidum, and endophytic bacteria were co-cultivated with the stimulation of strigolactone analogs GR24 to prepare pellets. During the purification of biogas slurry and biogas, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were introduced to enhance the removal efficiencies of nutrients and CO₂. The results showed that both GR24 and MWCNTs affected the purification of biogas slurry and biogas. The maximum chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and CO₂ removal efficiencies of the Chlorella vulgaris-Ganoderma lucidum-endophytic bacterial symbionts were 82.57 ± 7.96% (P < 0.05), 82.14 ± 7.87% (P < 0.05), 84.27 ± 7.96% (P < 0.05), and 63.93 ± 6.22% (P < 0.05), respectively, with the induction of 10⁻⁹ M GR24 and 1 mg L⁻¹ MWCNTs. Moreover, the growth and photosynthetic performance of the symbionts were consistent with the removal effects. The Chlorella vulgaris-Ganoderma lucidum-endophytic bacterial symbionts obtained high growth rates and enzyme activity with the maximum growth rate of 0.365 ± 0.03 d⁻¹, mean daily productivity of 0.182 ± 0.016 g L⁻¹ d⁻¹, and carbonic anhydrase activity of 31.07 ± 2.75 units, respectively. These results indicated that an appropriate concentration of GR24 and MWCNTs could promote the growth of symbionts, reinforce the purification effects of biogas slurry and biogas, and provide a new idea for the simultaneous purification of wastewater and biogas.

     

中国煤矿安全管理的创新模式--蝴蝶模式

本文针对目前我国煤矿安全管理多采用西方安全管理模式而存在的不适合现象，提出了一种基于仁爱思想的蝴蝶式安全管理模式，以“仁爱”思想为核心，结合西方制度制约的硬性管理及中国道德制约的柔性管理，构造出动静结合的蝴蝶模式，并对该模式的特征和运行机制进行了分析。     

Heavy metal exposure has adverse effects on the growth and development of preschool children

Environmental Geochemistry and Health - The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between levels of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and manganese (Mn) in the PM2.5 and...     

基于拉曼散射的分布式光纤定温与差温探测方法

基于拉曼散射的分布式光纤测温系统应用于火灾监测有独特的优势,弥补了传统感温探测器的不足。介绍了基于拉曼散射的测温原理及基于光时域的空间定位原理,并进行了火灾预警实验,实验结果表明当建筑物高度在一定范围内,基于拉曼散射的分布式光纤测温系统可以很好地实现火灾预警功能。