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931.
Chen Zihan Huo Xia Chen Guangcan Luo Xiuli Xu Xijin 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(23):28833-28847
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal with widespread industrial use, but it is also a widespread environmental contaminant with serious toxicological... 相似文献
932.
Pan Guo Ting Wang Yanli Liu Yan Xia Guiping Wang Zhenguo Shen Yahua Chen 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(1):631-640
A field investigation, field experiment, and hydroponic experiment were conducted to evaluate feasibility of using Oenothera glazioviana for phytostabilization of copper-contaminated soil. In semiarid mine tailings in Tongling, Anhui, China, O. glazioviana, a copper excluder, was a dominant species in the community, with a low bioaccumulation factor, the lowest copper translocation factor, and the lowest copper content in seed (8 mg kg?1). When O. glazioviana was planted in copper-polluted farmland soil in Nanjing, Jiangsu, China, its growth and development improved and the level of γ-linolenic acid in seeds reached 17.1 %, compared with 8.73 % in mine tailings. A hydroponic study showed that O. glazioviana had high tolerance to copper, low upward transportation capacity of copper, and a high γ-linolenic acid content. Therefore, it has great potential for the phytostabilization of copper-contaminated soils and a high commercial value without risk to human health. 相似文献
933.
Suiran Yu Qingyan Yang Jing Tao Xia Tian Fengfu Yin 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2011,19(9-10):1016-1032
Traditional design methods lead to serious environmental problems because of the oversight of life cycle issues such as recycling. For solving these problems, a new modular design method is proposed with the considerations of not only the traditional function related attributes, but also the life cycle related ones. These attributes form what we call Modular Driving Forces (MDFs). The proposed method first determines what MDFs should be included and what their weights should be. Then the component to component relations with each specific MDF are generated and expressed in a matrix. After that, the comprehensive relations between components with different MDFs are established with the introduction of a comprehensive relation matrix for further modular optimization. Each element in the comprehensive matrix denotes the relation of every two components affected by all the MDFs. Finally, Group Genetic Algorithm (GGA) is employed to conduct modular optimization. The modular object adaptive function constructed for GGA optimization is to maximize the interactions between components within modules. The proposed method is explained by a case study of a refrigerator. Sensitivity analysis shows that the proposed method is robust. 相似文献
934.
填料在净化污水过程中渗透性能变化趋势的研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
选取腐殖垃圾和砂以及两者质量比分别为4:1、3:2、2:3的混合物共5种填料,在1.0 m/d的水力负荷下,进行人工快速渗滤系统净化生活污水的试验,研究填料在进水过程中渗透性能的变化趋势.结果表明,腐殖垃圾的初始饱和水力渗透系数(K)最大,为3.32×10-2cm/s,而砂的初始K只有5.14×10-3cm/s,腐殖垃圾含量越大的混合物其仞始K也越大.在净化污水的过程中,5种填料的K逐渐减小,腐殖垃圾含量越大的混合物其K降幅也越大.随着进水时间的延长,各个填料柱填料层50~250 mm处的水头损失占总水头损失(填料层50~450mm处)的比例均逐渐增加,最终各个填料柱均发生堵塞,堵塞均发生在填料层50mm以上范围内. 相似文献
935.
936.
泰山顶与济南市大气臭氧浓度变化规律研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
利用2003年7月至9月在泰山顶和济南市3个月的臭氧(O3)自动连续监测数据,对两地O3浓度的频率分布、日变化和日际变化等特征进行对照分析。实验结果表明,泰山顶O3小时平均浓度频率分布比较集中,济南市O3小时平均浓度频率分布比较分散。泰山顶各月O3小时平均浓度的平均值和日均值均高于济南市;泰山顶O3小时平均浓度的最大值低于济南市,而O3小时平均浓度的最小值要高于济南市。泰山顶O3小时平均浓度日变化规律与济南市O3小时平均浓度日变化规律有很大差别,泰山顶O3小时平均浓度日变化很平缓,最大值与最小值相差不大,济南市O3小时平均浓度一般在中午和午后浓度较高,早晨和夜晚较低。 相似文献
937.
聚合物驱采出水处理工艺研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
聚合物驱油技术在大庆油田得到广泛应用,由于采出水粘度大、油珠粒径小,其处理难度大于油田常规水驱采出水。通过对聚合物驱采出水的特性分析,并在现场分别进行了以横向流除油器(串联DTH聚结器)和水力旋流器为主体的工艺试验。其工艺参数分别为:横向流除油器和DTH聚结除油器的处理量均为85 m3/h,有效停留时间为2.4 h。过滤器为石英砂、磁铁矿双层滤料,处理量为20 m3/h,过滤周期24 h,反冲洗时间为15 min,一次和二次过滤的滤速分别为12 m3/h和8 m3/h。试验结果表明:两种工艺均可代替现有的沉降过滤工艺处理聚合物驱采出水。 相似文献
938.
为了解决飞机火灾事故易发问题、降低事故发生率,以巡航过程中客机发生火灾事故为情境,提出事故树分析法和模糊层次分析法相结合的研究方法。绘制树形图研究人为、机械、环境和管理等方面导致飞机火灾事故发生的途径,构建飞机火灾事故指标体系,结构重要度对指标赋值得出权重值顺序,结果表明:安检和安全培训对飞机火灾事故发生影响最大,空气影响次之,机械故障影响最小。因此,最有效的飞机火灾事故预防途径应从可燃物控制方面着手。 相似文献
939.
940.
Antimony speciation and contamination of waters in the Xikuangshan antimony mining and smelting area,China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Faye Liu X. Chris Le Anthony McKnight-Whitford Yunlong Xia Fengchang Wu Erika Elswick Claudia C. Johnson Chen Zhu 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2010,32(5):401-413
Water samples from Xikuangshan (China), the world largest antimony (Sb) mine with a Sb mining and smelting history of more
than 200 years, were analyzed. These water samples ranged from stream water in the vicinity of the mining and smelting area
that received seepage from ore residues to the underground mine-pit drainage. The concentrations of total Sb, Sb (III) and
Sb (V) of the samples were determined by HPLC-ICP-MS. In addition, water pH and concentrations of major cations and anions
were analyzed. All 18 samples demonstrated total Sb concentrations with ppm levels from 0.33 ppm to 11.4 ppm, which is two
to three orders of magnitude higher compared to the typical concentration of dissolved Sb in unpolluted rivers (less than
1 ppb). This is probably the first time that such high Sb contents have been documented with complete environmental information.
Distribution of total Sb and Sb species was investigated, taking into account the respective local environment (in the mining
area or close to the smelter, etc.). Sb (V) was the predominant valence in all 18 samples. Only trace levels of Sb (III) were
detected in 4 of the 18 samples. Geochemical speciation modeling showed the dominant species was Sb(OH)6−. It is also probably the first time that such high Sb contents have been documented in the natural environment with Sb speciation
distribution information. Several potential oxidation pathways are also discussed that might have facilitated the oxidation
of Sb (III) in the natural environment. Signs of intoxication were observed among local mine workers with extensive exposure
to different forms of Sb for a long period of time. 相似文献