双酚类化合物污染现状和内分泌干扰效应研究进展

双酚类化合物(bisphenols, BPs)是合成碳酸聚酯、环氧树脂和聚丙烯酸酯等高分子聚合物的主要原料,在商业制造中广泛使用。经过度排放污染环境,并能通过食物链放大作用在动物和人体内蓄积。已经在水体、底泥、室内灰尘、食品以及动物和人体内检测到双酚A(bisphenol A, BPA)及其替代品或衍生物等多种BPs。BPs对性激素、甲状腺素和神经内分泌系统具有干扰效应,能影响机体生殖功能、性腺发育、神经行为和激素依赖性疾病的发展,已经成为危害人体健康的风险因子。多种BPA替代品的内分泌干扰效应甚至比BPA更强,但缺乏全面的内分泌干扰效应评估数据和对作用机制的深入研究。本文对BPs种类来源、污染现状及其内分泌干扰效应进行综述。     

Methods to control harmful algal blooms: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - The recent rise of red tide harmful algal blooms has induced ecosystem degradation, economic losses, and aquaculture damage, yet little is known on prevention and...     

High-performance Si-Containing anode materials in lithium-ion batteries:A superstructure of Si@Co–NC composite works effectively

To mitigate the massive volume expansion of Si-based anode during the charge/discharge cycles, we synthesized a superstructure of Si@Co–NC composite via the carbonization of zeolite imidazolate frameworks incorporated with Si nanoparticles. The Si@Co–NC is comprised of Si-nanoparticle core and N-doped/Co-incorporated carbon shell, and there is void space between the core and the shell. When using as anode material for LIBs, Si@Co–NC displayed a super performance with a charge/discharge capacity of 191.6/191.4 mA h g-1 and a coulombic efficiency of 100.1％ at 1000 mA g-1 after 3000 cycles, and the capacity loss rate is 0.022％ per cycle only. The excellent electrochemical property of Si@Co–NC is because its electronic conductivity is enhanced by doping the carbon shell with N atoms and by incorporating with Co particles, and the pathway of lithium ions transmission is shortened by the hollow structure and abundant mesopores in the carbon shell. Also, the volume expansion of Si nanoparticles is well accommodated in the void space and suppressed by the carbon host matrix. This work shows that, through designing a superstructure for the anode materials, we can synergistically reduce the work function and introduce the confinement effect, thus significantly enhancing the anode materials' electrochemical performance in LIBs.     

Bacterial abundance and community structure in response to nutrients and photodegraded terrestrial humic acids in a eutrophic lake

The exposure of humic substances to solar radiation can alter their concentration and composition and subsequently influences their bioavailability in aquatic food webs. With eutrophication increasingly prominent in lakes, nutrients, such as inorganic N and P, are a prerequisite for heterotrophic bacteria that use organic matter. Here photodegradation of terrestrial humic acids and nutrient addition were performed to investigate the response of bacterial abundance and community structure to photodegraded humic acids and increased nutrient concentrations in a eutrophic lake. Results showed that the decreasing level of absorption coefficient at 460 nm in the treatment irradiated with 40 W UV lamps was more remarkable than that of the treatment irradiated with 20 W UV lamps and the control. This reduced coefficient corresponds to the greatest decrease in humic acid concentration in the 40 W group. Bacteria showed high abundance after incubation with humic acids which underwent strong irradiation intensity. An increased nutrient concentration significantly affected bacterial abundance. The dominant bacteria were Aquabacterium for the irradiated group, Aquabacterium and Limnobacter for the 20 W group and Flavobacterium and Limnobacter for the 40 W group. Armatimonadetes-gp4 and Sediminibacterium showed evident response to high nutrient concentration. Our results showed that the exposure of terrestrial humic acids to UV light and the increasing concentration of nutrients have obviously changed bacterial community.

     

Respiratory exposure to PM2.5 soluble extract induced chronic lung injury by disturbing the phagocytosis function of macrophage

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Exposure to airborne urban particles is a contributing factor for the development of multiple types of respiratory diseases; its pathological role as...     

Association of urinary or blood heavy metals and mortality from all causes,cardiovascular disease,and cancer in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Amounting epidemiological evidence has shown detrimental effects of heavy metals on a wide range of diseases. However, the effect of heavy metal...     

Prenatal exposure to air pollution and the risk of eczema in childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - An increasing number of studies investigated the association between air pollution during pregnancy and the risk of eczema in offspring. However, no...     

活性污泥中水解酶的研究进展

水解酶由活性污泥中的微生物产生,它们普遍存在于各种生物处理系统中,并对大分子有机物的生物降解起到关键性的作用。综述了水解酶在活性污泥中的分布特性、酶活力的测定方法、影响酶活力的因素等几个方面的最新研究进展。     

金属填料塔火灾事故及预防

阐述了金属填料着火的原因、预防金属填料着火的措施以及应急反应的注意事项.     

2-chlorophenol induced ROS generation in fish Carassius auratus based on the EPR method

In the present study, a secondary spin trapping technique was used followed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis, to study the potential of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production after fish (Carassius auratus) were injected i.p. with different doses (50, 100, 200, 250, 500mgkg(-1)) of 2-chlorophenol (2-CP). The ROS signal intensity of the EPR spectrum showed a significant increase (p<0.05, compared with the control) when the 2-CP dose was as low as 50mgkg(-1). There is a good relationship between the 2-CP administered doses and ROS generation. Based on the hyperfine splitting constants and shape of the EPR spectrum, the ROS which was generated in fish liver after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 2-CP was identified as ()OH. SOD and CAT activities were found to be induced at lower doses of 2-CP. GSH levels fell below the control level following all treatments with 2-CP, and GSSG levels changed along with those of GSH. These observations indicated that the fish experienced oxidative stress. The strong positive correlation (r=0.966, p<0.005) between ()OH radical and lipid peroxidation suggested that lipid peroxidation was possibly induced by ()OH. The phase II detoxification enzyme glutathione-S-transferase (GST) may play an important role in 2-CP metabolism or excretion and, consequently, reduce ROS production. This study provides strong evidence that level of ROS is significantly increased in 2-CP stressed fish, and ROS may serve as a potential biomarker to indicate 2-CP contamination.