Urinary phenols and parabens metabolites associated with cardiovascular disease among adults in the United States

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The field of environmental health has begun to examine the effects of higher-order chemical combinations. The current literature lacks studies...     

间歇曝气条件下短程硝化的实现及影响因素研究

研究间歇曝气条件下短程硝化的实现及温度、pH值和DO对实验效果的影响。以城市生活污水为研究对象,采用间歇曝气方式进行短程硝化实验,利用接种法培养驯化亚硝化细菌。实验研究结果表明,经过22 d的培养驯化,成功获得了亚硝化细菌,亚硝酸盐的积累率达到90％左右。在温度为25℃、pH为7.5、DO＜1 mg/L的条件下,亚硝酸...     

The evaluation of heavy metal accumulation and application of a comprehensive bio-concentration index for woody species on contaminated sites in Hunan,China

Fast-growing metal-accumulating woody plants are considered potential candidates for phytoextraction of metals. Shuikoushan mining, one of the biggest Pb and Zn production bases in China, presents an important source of the pollution of environment during the last 100 years. Over 150 km² of fertile soil have been contaminated by the dust, slag, and tailings from this mining. The goal of the present work has been to determine the content of Pb, Zn, Cd, and Cu in wild woody plants (18 species) naturally growing in this area. Two hundred five plant and soil samples from 11 contaminated sites were collected and analyzed. In addition, to assess the ability of multi-metal accumulation of these trees, we proposed a predictive comprehensive bio-concentration index (CBCI) based on fuzzy synthetic assessment. Our data suggest some adult trees could also accumulate a large amount of metals. Pb concentrations in leaves of Paulownia fortunei (Seem.) Hemsl. (1,179 mg/kg) exceeded the hyperaccumulation threshold (1,000 mg/kg). Elevated Pb concentrations (973.38 mg/kg) were also found in the leaves of Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent., with a Pb bio-concentration factor of up to 0.701. Endemic species, Zenia insignis Chun exhibited huge potential for Zn and Cd phytoextraction, with the highest concentrations of Zn (1,968 mg/kg) and Cd (44.40 mg/kg), characteristic root nodules, and fast growth rates in poor soils. As for multi-metal accumulation ability, native species B. papyrifera was calculated to have the most exceptional ability to accumulate various metals simultaneously (CBCI 2.93), followed by Amorpha fruticosa L. (CBCI 2.72) and Lagerstroemia indica L. (CBCI 2.53). A trend of increasing metal from trunks to leaves (trunks?<?branches?<?leaves) and towards fine roots has been shown by metal partitioning between tissues. The proposed CBCI would allow for the selection of suitable trees for phytoremediation in the future.     

试论原油罐区环境影响评价中的工程分析 ──以长庆石化分公司原油罐区建设项目为例

原油罐区环境影响评价中的工程分析必须深入、准确。文章总结了该类项目环境影响评价工作中工程分析的要点,并通过长庆石化分公司原油罐区工程实例加以实证说明,对该类项目环境影响评价工作有一定的指导作用。     

毒死蜱、二嗪磷等6种农药对鸟类的环境风险评估

应用现有的评估方法,对毒死蜱、二嗪磷、乐果、吡虫啉、抗蚜威和灭多威6种农药对鸟类的风险进行评估,评估结果表明,经食途径,乐果、毒死蜱和二嗪磷对鸟类的初级急性、短期和长期风险均不可接受;吡虫啉对鸟类的初级急性和长期风险不可接受;抗蚜威和灭多威对鸟类的初级急性风险不可接受,对鸟类的初级短期和长期风险可接受.通过饮水途径,只...     

对危化品生产与储存场所定量安全评价的比较研究

分别用道化法和蒙德法对某化工厂的氨合成塔单元进行了定量安全评价,另外还用蒙德法对该厂的液氨储存单元进行了定量安全评价.结果表明：对于火灾、爆炸及毒性危险性共存的单元,应选用蒙德法对其进行安全评价;当被评价单元主要危险物质的毒性较小,并且需要对危险所造成的影响范围、财产损失和停工日有较具体的评价时,应选用道化法对其进行安全评价;当被评价单元主要危险物质具有较大的毒性,并且要求对毒性的危害有较具体的评价时,应选用蒙德法对其进行安全评价.     

复配混凝剂理化特性及性能

用聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵（PDM）、聚合氯化铝（PAC）按照质量比1%制备了复配混凝剂,研究了其理化特性及原水污染物去除效果。利用Al-Ferron逐时络合比色法研究了复配混凝剂的铝（Ⅲ）形态分布,结果表明,Al_a、Al_b和Al_c分别占12.62%、16.02%和71.36%。复配混凝剂Zeta电位平均值为41.6 mV。红外吸收光谱分析表明复配混凝剂的羟基缔合程度比PAC要高。扫描电镜结果表明,固体复配混凝剂表面较为粗糙、结构疏松。相同投加量时,复配混凝剂对江河水、水库水的浊度、COD_Mn、UV₂₅₄的去除效率均优于PAC。实验利用针杆藻人工模拟高藻原水,当投加PDM：PAC质量比10%的复配混凝剂10 mg/L时,复配混凝剂对藻类的去除率为80.5%。     

填方边坡变形机制研究

在对西南地区某800 kV换流站填方边坡现场进行工程地质调查的基础上,通过对经过先期治理但仍发生变形的填方边坡的变形特征和监测数据进行分析,总结边坡稳定性影响因素,并结合FLAC3D数值模拟对边坡变形破坏机制进行了研究.结果表明:该填方边坡破坏模式为整体滑移破坏,导致边坡经过治理但仍发生变形的主要诱因是强降雨,但边坡的前期治理设计也存在不足;由于降雨导致边坡重度增大,底部强风化泥岩软化,填土抗剪强度降低,在边坡内形成贯通的滑动面,滑动面绕过加筋土挡土墙的加筋带,边坡顺着强风化层从软化的坡脚剪出;位移监测显示边坡处于加速变形阶段;边坡应急治理措施应重点放在控制边坡继续沿软弱面的滑移变形上,并加强坡体排水,该边坡变形控制的治理方案对同类工程的设计与应急治理具有一定的参考价值.     

垃圾焚烧——国外垃圾处理技术的新进展

伴随城市的发展,城市垃圾已成为危害城市环境的一大公害,有效处理城市垃圾是衡量一个国家或城市文明程度的显著标志。垃圾焚烧供热和发电是一种被广泛采用的处理方式。作者介绍了目前国外一些垃圾焚烧供热发电的情况,特别从燃烧系统、炉膛设计、通风系统及过热器、空气洁净系统等几方面详细介绍了里斯本垃圾发电厂所采用的工艺技术和设计特点。