Mechanism studies on nitrogen removal when treating ammonium-rich leachate by sequencing batch biofilm reactor

The nitrogen removal mechanism was studied and analyzed when treating the ammonium-rich landfill leachate by a set of sequencing batch biofilm reactors (SBBRs), which was designed independently. At the liquid temperature of (32 ± 0.4)°C, and after a 58-days domestication period and a 33-days stabilization period, the efficiency of ammonium removal in the SBBR went up to 95%. Highly frequent intermittent aeration suppressed the activity of nitratebacteria, and also eliminated the influence on the activity of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) bacteria and nitritebacteria. This influence was caused by the accumulation of nitrous acid and the undulation of pH. During the aeration stage, the concentration of dissolved oxygen was controlled at 1.2–1.4 mg/L. The nitritebacteria became dominant and nitrite accumulated gradually. During the anoxic stage, along with the concentration debasement of the dissolved oxygen, ANAMMOX bacteria became dominant; then, the nitrite that was accumulated in the aeration stage was wiped off with ammonium simultaneously. Translated from Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2006, 26(1): 55–60 [译自: 环境科学学报]     

湖泊富营养化的灰色层次决策法综合评价

应用灰色统计决策、灰色局势效益和灰色聚类分析等多层次决策,对湖泊富营养化进行综合评价。研究表明,本法应用于18个湖泊富营养化的评价结果,与Fuzzy-Grey法评价结果一致。     

活性炭在高浓度有机废水处理中的应用

高浓度有机废水是难治理的工业废水.活性炭因其特殊的应用性能,在该类废水治理中得到较广泛的应用.在此就活性炭在高浓度有机废水中的应用研究作了归纳总结.并对其应用前景进行了展望.     

中、缅、印交界地区(东喜马拉雅山-横断山) 生物多样性保护研究

在中、缅、印交界的２９．１万ｋｍ＾２区域内，可区划为６种类型区。为保护生物多样性庆在云南境内扩建和新建一批自然区，在三国交界区域建立中、缅、印国际自然保护区，并在缅甸葡萄城建核心地带管理所，在中国昆明建立东喜马拉雅山－横断山揿样性保护中心。中心对本区域内不同类型生态系统的时空分布进行宏观研究，初步确认具有全球意义的原生态区与生态系统，探索跨国界的区域性生物多样性保护与管理途径。     

含鱼腥藻水溶液中17α-乙炔雌二醇光降解

研究了含鱼腥藻 Anabaena HB10 1水溶液中 17α-乙炔雌二醇在 2 5 0 W高压汞灯光照下的光降解 ,并进行了动力学分析 ,研究结果表明 ,水溶液中鱼腥藻 Anabaena HB10 1能促进 17α-乙炔雌二醇光降解 ,随着水溶液中鱼腥藻Anabaena HB10 1的浓度增大 ,其光降解效率也增大 ,表明了鱼腥藻对 17α-乙炔雌二醇光降解有明显的催化作用。同时也研究了在紫外光下的光降解情况 ,结果表明其光降解效率比高压汞灯光照下的光降解效率高 ,总体上讲 ,藻具有催化光降解作用。探讨分析了鱼腥藻 Anabaena HB10 1催化 17α-乙炔雌二醇光降解的作用与机理。     

废水生物处理技术研究进展

分析了废水生物处理的特点和废水生物处理反应器的发展概况，对废水生物处理技术的新进展作了简要的介绍，并列举了一些典型例子。     

西安城市交通干道汽车污染物排放因子

在西安城市交通隧道内设３ 个空气监测点，对通过隧道的汽车排气形成的污染物浓度、隧道内风速、过往隧道的交通量进行采样、观测和统计。根据实测数据用大气扩散方程求得西安城市道路汽车平均单车 Ｃ Ｏ、 Ｈ Ｃ 和 Ｎ Ｏｘ 排放因子分别为３３２７９ ±１２１５８ 、３５７７ ±１８１６ 和４６０５ ±１９８１ ｍｇ／ｍ·ｖｅｈ 。与国外的成果相比，中国城市道路汽车 Ｃ Ｏ 和 Ｈ Ｃ 排放因子分别是国外发达国家汽车排放因子的２ ～９ 倍和３ ～９ 倍，而中国城市汽车 Ｎ Ｏｘ 排放因子约为发达国家汽车排放因子的二分之一。     

环境英语教学对生态环境旅游可持续发展的意义

生态环境旅游保持可持续发展的内在要求之一为环境科学教育,在国际化形式的大背景下,外籍游客大幅度增加,致使环境科学教育的最核心内容即为英语教学。由于环境英语教学的缺失,一些生态旅游环境遭到严重破坏。为此,提出了英语教学对生态环境旅游可持续发展的意义。从培养绿色旅游意识、汲取国外先进旅游生态环境保护方法及增加外籍游客数量等方面,分析了环境英语教学对生态环境旅游可持续发展的必要性。研究环境英语教学对生态环境旅游推广的优势,在保持其他因素发展水平不变的前提下,分析英语教学对生态环境可持续发展的影响。     

Polar organic tracers in PM2.5 aerosols from an inland background area in Southwest China: Correlations between secondary organic aerosol tracers and source apportionment

PM_(2.5) aerosol samples were collected over 12 hr and 24 hr intervals in an inland background area, Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve(hereafter shortened to Gongga), during the summer of 2011. Polar organic tracers, inorganic ions and meteorological data were measured. The purpose of this work was to investigate the variation patterns, formation and sources of the secondary organic aerosol tracers in the studied atmosphere. The average concentrations of isoprene oxidation products, α-pinene oxidation products, β-caryophyllinic acid, sugars, sugar alcohols and anhydrosugars were 88.6 ± 106.1, 3.6 ± 5.7,0.13 ± 0.30, 13.6 ± 13.1, 31.9 ± 31.4 and 14.8 ± 10.7 ng/m3 respectively in all aerosol samples.The aged α-pinene second organic aerosol(SOA) tracers(i.e., 3-hydroxyglutraric acid(3 HGA), 3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylglutaric acid(HDMGA), 3-acetylpentandioic acid(APDA) and 3-methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic acid(MBTCA)) correlated significantly with each other in the 24 hr PM2.5 aerosol samples, indicating that OH· is the major factor controlling the formation of these α-pinene SOA tracers. Using the positive matrix factorization(PMF) model and the tracer-based source apportionment method, we calculated that isoprene oxidation products, α-pinene oxidation products, sesquiterpene oxidation products, biomass burning, fungi spores and anthropogenic SOA accounted for 21.9% ± 5.5%, 8.4% ± 2.1%, 3.0% ± 0.7%, 5.2% ± 5.3%, 5.0% ± 6.2% and 31.4% ± 7.8% of organic carbon respectively during the sampling period.