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771.
The article used general equilibrium model to analyze the change of gross domestic product and industry output affected by water resources policies in Beijing City by using GEMPACK soft tool.The article researches on rules of water supply and demand,evaluating water resources,building water resources input and output table,establishing water computable general equilibrium model and stimulating water policy.The stimulation gives a scenario that increases water price by 10%.The result shows the following aspects.First,water resources policy infects gross domestic product and industry output in different ways.There are different behaviors in different industries as to the water policy.Agriculture industry has the same tendency as water price change and it has more sensitive to water quantity than to water price.For basic energy industries such as oil and chemistry and gas,they show diversity tendency.As to some high water consumer industry such as paper and textile etc.,water resource economic policy can infect them greatly and can promote them to accomplish more water-saving technology.Waste water and construction and service industries show the same tendency as to water policy.Second,government should pay more attention to water resource policy by macro economic administration.The simulation also shows that the output and supply and consumer price change more than expect as to water policy in a free market economic in water industry.So as to a government policy maker,one should be more carefully and prepare suitable forecast and plan to water policy and its negative impact. 相似文献
772.
基于Models-3的自修正空气质量预报系统及其效果检验 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文介绍了一个以Models-3为基础的自动化空气质量数值预报系统,该系统通过Gambas、Yabasic和R语言等工具进行开发,集成WRF-SMOKE-CMAQ三个模式,可通过监测数据进行自动修正,完成空气质量业务数值预报,并将结果发布到Web服务器上进行呈现。该系统对硬件的要求较低,将部署于一台DELL Optiplex 9010工作站上,设置6km—2km双层嵌套,进行成都市空气质量数值预报。本文分析了成都市2014年1月1日至2014年12月31日的空气质量数值预报结果,评价系统对成都市NO_2、SO_2、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、O_3、CO以及空气质量指数(AQI)的预报效果。结果显示,系统对于成都市2014年空气质量变化情况趋势的预报效果较好,302天有效预报中,24小时直接预报的空气质量等级准确率为58.27%,AQI预报相关系数0.71,观测值自动修正预报对24小时空气质量预报具有明显改善效果,使其等级预报准确率达到64.9%,相关系数提高到0.89。 相似文献
773.
Yu Shi Zhanbin Huang Xiujie Liu Suheryani Imran Licheng Peng Rongji Dai Yulin Deng 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(7):6168-6178
Heavy metal pollution is a severe environmental problem. Remediation of contaminated soils can be accomplished using environmental materials that are low cost and environmentally friendly. We evaluated the individual and combination effects of humic acid (HA), super absorbent polymer (SAP), zeolite (ZE), and fly ash composites (FC) on immobilization of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in contaminated soils. We also investigated long-term practical approaches for remediation of heavy metal pollution in soil. The biochemical and morphological properties of maize (Zea mays L.) were selected as biomarkers to assess the effects of environmental materials on heavy metal immobilization. The results showed that addition of test materials to soil effectively reduced heavy metal accumulation in maize foliage, improving chlorophyll levels, plant growth, and antioxidant enzyme activity. The test materials reduced heavy metal injury to maize throughout the growth period. A synergistic effect from combinations of different materials on immobilization of Pb and Cd was determined based on the reduction of morphological and biochemical injuries to maize. The combination of zeolite and humic acid was especially effective. Treatment with a combination of HA?+?SAP?+?ZE?+?FC was superior for remediation of soils contaminated with high levels of Pb and Cd. 相似文献
774.
The biogas upgrading by membrane separation process using a highly efficient CO2-selective polyvinylamine/polyvinylalcohol (PVAm/PVA) blend membrane was investigated by experimental study and simulation with respect to process design, operation optimization and economic evaluation. This blend membrane takes advantages of the unique CO2 facilitated transport from PVAm and the robust mechanical properties from PVA, exhibits both high CO2/CH4 separation efficiency and very good stability. CO2 transports through the water swollen membrane matrix in the form of bicarbonate. CO2/CH4 selectivity up to 40 and CO2 permeance up to 0.55 m3(STP)/m2 h bar at 2 bar were documented in lab with synthesized biogas (35% CO2 and 65% CH4). Membrane performances at varying feed pressures were recorded and used as the simulation basis in this work. The process simulation of an on-farm scale biogas upgrading plant (1000 Nm3/h) was conducted. Processes with four different membrane module configurations with or without recycle were evaluated technically and economically, and the 2-stage in cascade with recycle configuration was proven optimal among the four processes. The sensitivity of the process to various operation parameters was analyzed and the operation conditions were optimized. 相似文献
775.
Contaminant transport in soils is complicated and involves some physical and chemical nonequilibrium processes. In this research, the soil column displacement experiments of Cl− and atrazine under different flow velocities were carried out. The data sets of Cl− transport in sandy loam fitted to the convection dispersion equation (CDE) and the two-region model (TRM) indicated that the effects of physical nonequilibrium process produced by immobile water on the breakthrough curves (BTCs) of Cl− and atrazine transport through the repacking soil columns were negligible. The two-site model (TSM) and the continuous time random walk (CTRW) were also used to fit atrazine transport behavior at the flow rate of 19.86 cm h−1. The CTRW convincingly captured the full evolution of atrazine BTC in the soil column, especially for the part of long tailing. However, the TSM failed to characterize the tailing of atrazine BTC in the soil column. The calculated fraction of equilibrium sorption sites, F, ranging from 0.78 to 0.80 for all flow rates suggested the contribution of nonequilibrium sorption sites to the asymmetry of atrazine BTCs. Furthermore, the data sets for the flow rates of 6.68 cm h−1 and 32.81 cm h−1 were predicted by the TSM and the CTRW. As to the flow rate of 6.68 cm h−1, the CTRW predicted the entire BTC of atrazine transport better than the TSM did. For the flow rate of 32.81 cm h−1, the CTRW characterized the late part of the tail better, while the TSM failed to predict the tailings of atrazine BTC. 相似文献
776.
长江水系河流与水库中鲤鱼的元素含量特征 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3
针对长江三峡水库蓄水后引起水库汞活化效应对生态与环境的影响问题,系统地分析了长江水系水库与河流鲤鱼肌肉的As,Cd,Cu,Fe,Hg,Mn,Pb,Se,Na,Mg等元素含量的分布特征。并以丹江口水库-汉江,陈村水库-青戈江为例,用多元分析证明水库与河流的鲤肌肉中As,Se,Hg,Cd等元素含量存在显著差异,同时指出水库汞活化效应引起的鱼体汞含量增加是该元素的一种生物地球化学现象,并利用同一水系水库 相似文献
777.
本文利用三峡库区历年氮肥用量的系统资料,探讨了库区氮肥污染现状。并预测了三峡库区建坝与不建坝的氮肥污染趋势。结果表明:如果不建坝,到本世纪末,氮肥污染比目前加重1.3倍左右;若建坝,到本世纪末,氮肥污染比目前加重1.67倍。根据氮肥污染趋势预测,提出了库区氮肥污染对策。 相似文献
778.
介绍了大港油田大气颗粒物和多环芳烃的污染现状,并对大港油田地区大气特征构成及大气颗粒物中多环芳烃的污染特征作了初步分析,得出大港油田地区大气颗粒物中多环芳烃污染类型为燃油型,并据此提出了防治多环芳烃污染的相应对策。 相似文献
779.
780.
微波技术在废物处理中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
综述了微波在废物处理中的应用,主要介绍了微波加热的机理及特点,微波在处理放射性废物、废旧电路板、污泥、医疗垃圾、废轮胎中的应用,展望了微波技术在废物处理中的应用前景。 相似文献