Political will,political skill,and political behavior

The current study used Mintzberg's (1983) conceptualization of political will and political skill to evaluate the predictors and consequences of political behavior at work. As elements of political will, we hypothesized that need for achievement and intrinsic motivation would predict the use of political behavior at work. Furthermore, we argued that political skill would moderate the relationship between political behavior and emotional labor. Data gathered from employees (N = 193) representing a wide array of organizations substantiated the proposed relationships. Specifically, need for achievement and intrinsic motivation were positively associated with political behavior. In turn, those opting to employ political behavior at work experienced a higher degree of emotional labor, but this relationship was found to operate differently at low and high levels of political skill. Specifically, emotional labor was a consequence of political behavior for those low in political skill, but emotional labor reactions from political behavior were neutralized for individuals high in political skill. Implications of these results, strengths and limitations, and directions for future research are discussed. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

深部煤层钻屑粒度随钻进深度分布规律

为了研究煤层钻屑粒度随钻进深度分布规律,选取具有冲击危险性的平煤八矿己15煤作为研究对象,采取钻屑量测试和孔口瓦斯浓度监测,通过筛分实验煤样并应用Rosin Rammler分布模型,探究了钻屑粒度和钻屑量大小随孔深变化关系,分析不同点钻屑粒度分布特征。结果表明:小于0.075 mm钻屑粒度分布随孔深变化与钻屑量变化规律相吻合;不同钻孔随深度变化分别对应不同Rosin Rammler分布函数,随着应力过渡越平缓,粒径分布宽度系数n值越小,煤体应力越大粒径相关系数D越大;不同范围钻屑粒度占比大小也会影响钻屑量大小;在钻屑量较大时,孔口瓦斯体积分数会出现增高现象。通过对钻屑粒度分布规律分析,更好地了解深部煤体应力分布,有助于冲击危险的预警。     

Time perspective balance and team adaptation in dynamic task contexts

The concept of time perspective balance has attracted increased attention from scholars in the past decade, reflected in published evidence suggesting positive outcomes ranging from enhanced mood to life satisfaction for those individuals possessing balance among their past, present, and future time perspectives, and assumedly able to shift their time perspective to match situational demands. In this paper, we consider the notion of time perspective balance in an organizational setting within which much consequential adaptation often occurs—the team environment—and explore different configurations of time perspective balance in teams facing dynamic task contexts. Drawing from work on situational awareness, we first consider the mechanism by which time perspective balance likely influences individual adaptation in dynamic task-focused situations. Next, we postulate what types of team configurations—ones with more balanced time perspective uniformity or ones with more time perspective variety—might be more appropriate in dynamic contexts given key team conditions. We illustrate our analysis with examples from healthcare team settings and offer ideas for future research.     

基于ANSYS-PDS的含缺陷压力容器可靠性分析

为更准确地分析含缺陷压力容器的可靠性,提出采用ANSYS软件中的PDS模块建模求解,从本质上克服API 581压力容器可靠性分析的局限性,采用将压力容器的内径、原始壁厚、缺陷深度、压力容器内压设置为服从正态分布的随机变量的方法,基于响应面法结合蒙特卡洛法抽样分析,通过编写APDL代码,探讨含缺陷压力容器的可靠性.结果表...     

汉江中游河谷平原植被指数时空变化及其与沙化土地动态的关联关系

针对沙化土地广泛分布的汉江中游河谷平原区,采用MODIS EVI数据分析2003~2011年区域植被状态时空变化,并据此探讨沙化土地的动态特征。利用时序植被指数统计分析,探讨研究区植被的总体变化规律;分析不同缓冲区植被指数的空间分布格局,反映了区域环境状况的空间差异以及由此而可能产生的土地利用格局的变化;并基于不同距离缓冲区的EVI时空差异对比分析,探讨沙化土地动态与植被变化的关联关系。研究表明,近9 a来汉江中游河谷平原区EVI呈明显上升趋势;随着离河流距离的逐渐增加,每千米范围内各年的年均EVI值均表现出先增大后减小的空间特征,并在距河3 km区域处EVI值达到最大;而EVI的时空差异,则体现了沙化土地的空间分布与动态特征     

Influence of Chronic Man-made Pollution on Bromus inermis Genome Size

Russian Journal of Ecology - Technogenic pollution can accelerate microevolutionary processes in natural populations. We estimated the nuclear DNA content of 10 Bromus inermis Leyss. samples from...     

1968～2018年洞庭湖江湖连通河道松滋口冲淤变化特征

探究江湖连通河道演变态势是评估重大人类活动事件对江湖关系变化影响的重要环节。以洞庭湖—荆江三口中松滋口河道为研究对象，通过建立其河道长期的水位—流量关系曲线分析其河道的冲淤变化特征，对其河道冲淤变化驱动因素进行分析，并采用实测河道断面资料验证其结果的可靠性。结果表明：水位—流量关系曲线法分析河道地形冲淤演变特征与实测横断面地形资料分析结果一致，松滋口河道同流量下水位下降对应于该时期河道冲刷，同流量下水位上升对应于河道淤积。不同时期松滋口东西分支河道冲淤变化主要驱动因素不同。1968～1981年间，下荆江裁弯引起的河势变化是西支新江口河道冲刷与东支沙道观河道淤积的主要诱因。1981～2003年间，其东西两支河道淤积主要是由于葛洲坝运行后引起的上荆江河道冲刷导致的。2003～2018年间，其河道冲刷主要是由于三峡大坝运行引起的河道水沙比例的大幅改变导致的。     

Chemical dusts, vapours, and fumes causing asthma

Allergic respiratory disease due to common allergens of organic origin is wwell known. Less familiar, but of increasing importance, are chemicals of organic and inorganic nature, met as dusts, vapours, and fumes. Their relevance is shown in occupational respiratory allergic disorders. Confirmation is given by “real life,” simulated, occupational-type provocation tests. Controlled exposure with minute amounts for brief periods, thus closely simulating allergic sensitivity, can precisely identify etiological causes in often complex exposures. The capacity of these widely different agents in different forms to elicit the different patterns of asthmatic reactions, is a pointed example of their potential role, as well as the role of chemical agents in general. The introduction into indoor environments of such materials demands consideration of their possible allergenic ffects and of the need to recognise the various forms of allergic respiratory reaction they may cause.     

Mutagenic and carcinogenic potency of extracts of diesel and related environmental emissions: Study design, sample generation, collection, and preparation

A major diesel emissions research program has been initiated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to assess the human health risk associated with increased use of diesel automobiles. This program is intended to establish the mutagenic and carcinogenic potency of complex organics associated with diesel particles as well as comparative particle-bound organics from other environmental emissions for which human epidemiological data are available. The mobile source samples selected for this study were collected from a heavy-duty diesel engine, a series of light-duty diesel passenger cars, and a gasoline catalyst automobile. The comparative source samples incorporated into the study were cigarette smoke condensate, coke oven emissions, roofing tar emissions, and benzo(a)pyrene. The samples were tested using three mutagenic assays and four carcinogenic assays as prescribed by a test matrix. This report describes the study design, particle generation, and sample collection and preparation. A brief summary of the bioassays is also included.