酸析-Fenton试剂氧化-混凝法处理制浆废水

用酸析-Fenton试剂氧化-混凝法对自偶氧化清洁制浆废水进行预处理,考察了各种因素对处理效果的影响。最佳处理条件：酸析时的废水pH为3．0;酸析后上层清液无需调节pH,加水稀释至COD为2000mg／L后进行Fenton试剂氧化,H2O2加入量为84．56mmol／L,FeS04加入量为8．44mmol／L,反应时间60min;混凝时Ca（OH）：加入量为2g／L。最终出水的COD为577．20mg／L（COD去除率为71．14％）,色度为36倍,pH为8．60。     

水解酸化-SBR工艺处理饮料生产废水

介绍了水解酸化+SBR工艺处理饮料生产废水的工艺设计和运行效果。该工艺具有处理效果好、低能耗、易管理等特点。在进水CODCr为2000～4000mg/L,BOD5为1000～2000mg/L的条件下,经过该系统处理,出水CODCr保持在130mg/L以下,BOD5保持在25mg/L以下,出水水质达到(GB8978-1996)《中华人民共和国国家标准污水综合排放标准》的Ⅱ级标准。     

大气扩散模式预测计算软件的开发

结合Microsoft Visual Basic(VB)语言的编程特点,探讨了大气环境影响评价计算机软件系统的理论基础、设计思想和应用程序编制的实现方法,编制了专门处理大气扩散模式浓度计算的应用程序,避免了大量繁杂的手工计算工作,使计算快速、准确,提高了环境影响评价工作的质量.     

Modelling tritrophic interactions mediated by induced defence volatiles

Many plant species defend themselves against herbivorous insects indirectly by producing and releasing induced volatiles to attract natural enemies of the herbivores. In this paper, we consider the recruitment of natural enemies attracted by plant-induced volatiles and introduce the An–Liu–Johnson–Lovett model into the Lotka–Volterra model in an attempt to add this missing vital link in tritrophic interaction. Increase in attraction strength of plant-induced volatiles to the natural enemy leads to high fluctuation amplitude of plant biomass and herbivore population. When the attack strength of natural enemies reaches a certain level, fluctuation amplitude of plant biomass and herbivore population will decrease and plant biomass will approach to its environmental carrying capacity. The simulation demonstrates that plant volatile compounds induced by insects have led to the introduction of a third tritrophic level, e.g., natural enemies, into the plant–herbivore system, resulting in the coexistence of plants, insects, and natural enemies during the evolution process.     

A fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) approach to eco-environmental vulnerability assessment for the danjiangkou reservoir area,China

The Danjiangkou reservoir lies in the upper Hanjiang basin and is the source of water for the Middle Route Project (MRP) under the South-to-North Water Transfer Scheme (SNWT) in China. The eco-environment of water resource areas plays an important role in water conservation and purification and would have significant implications for the economic prosperity in Hanjiang basin as well as for the SNWT. Focusing on the Danjiangkou Reservoir Area (DRA), this study established an environmental information system database. Based on the database, an eco-environmental vulnerability assessment method using integrated fuzzy AHP (FAHP) and GIS was developed for the DRA. According to eco-environmental conditions and anthropic effects, vulnerability was classified into five levels: potential, light, medium, heavy and very heavy. The eco-environmental vulnerability distribution and major problems of the eco-environment were analysed and discussed. The results indicated that eco-environmental vulnerability in the DRA was moderate overall. Regions with lower eco-environmental vulnerability were located in Qinling Mountain area in the northwest, Daba Mountain area in the south and the area immediately surrounding Danjiangkou Reservoir in the east. Two regions with very high eco-environmental vulnerability were located in the north of Danjiangkou Reservoir in Henan province and in the western part of Shanxi province. On the basis of analysis of distribution of the different factors of eco-environmental vulnerability, different environmental protection measures were proposed for different areas. This study demonstrated that the proposed method was an effective approach for the assessment of environmental vulnerability. The results gained closely reflected the reality of the eco-environmental vulnerability of the DRA.     

氯代芳香化合物的KOW与对数拓扑指数和路径指数的相关性

本文用１ｇＫｏｗ表征氯代芳香化合物的生物降解能力,并分别以对数拓扑指数（ＬＴＩ）和路径指数（ＰＩ）为自变量,建立了新的预测模型。结果表明,回归方程的预测值与实验值十分吻合,相关系数接近于１,平均标准偏差小于０．１。     

喹啉季铵盐絮凝-缓蚀剂FNQ-C的制备及其性能研究

本文研究了天然高分子改性喹啉季铵盐型阳离子絮凝-缓蚀剂FNQ-C的制备,确定了其最佳制备反应条件;考察了FNQ-C在模拟循环冷却水中的絮凝、缓蚀性能.絮凝实验表明FNQ-C的絮凝净水效果优于国产阳离子聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂PAM-C,挂片腐蚀实验表明FNQ-C的缓蚀性能与国产商品缓蚀剂EDTMP相当.实验亦证实FNQ-C的缓蚀用药量与其絮凝净化用药量相容,可以一次投药同步满足絮凝、缓蚀两种水质要求.     

Application of the simplified toxicity identification evaluation procedures to a chemical works effluent

Toxicity of a Chemical Works effluent from the Southeast China to the Daphnia magna was compared to determine the most representative aqueous fraction for simplified toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) studies. Toxicity characterization procedures revealed that the primary toxicant(s) was a nonpolar organic compound. Toxicity was recovered through C₁₈ solid-Phase extraction and concentration steps. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy of these concentrates revealed the presence of chlorobenzene, nitrobenzene, naphthalene, 1-chloro-3-nitrobenzene, 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene, 2-naphthol and aniline. The mass balance approach of TIE implicated the seven chemicals as the primary toxicants. The simplified TIE procedures can save our cost and time. The significance of the TIE results may indicate a more widespread problem what chemical(s) has priority to be controlled when being discharged.     

气流噪声治理及设计

本文根据气流噪声的频率特性和发声部位,提出重点降噪与综合整治的方法,对城市气流噪声污染进行控制。     

PVC的热解脱氯动力学分析

采用动态热重法对PVC热解脱氯反应动力学进行了研究,对不同升温速率下TG曲线采用下同方法分析,计算出反应速率常数、反应级数、活化能等脱氯反应动力学参数,并推断出反应机制,分析结果表明,PVC热解存在两个阶段,氯原子主要在250℃-300℃之间以HCl的形式释放,且反应为一级反应。