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701.
通过等温吸附实验分别研究了特定磷质量浓度下系列PAM用量和系列磷质量浓度下特定PAM用量对磷素在土壤中吸附特征的影响.试验表明,土壤经过PAM处理后其对磷素的吸附性能发生了明显改变.施用PAM使紫色土磷的吸附量降低,PAM用量较低时,吸附量随PAM用量的增加而减少,并且在0.1%~0.5%PAM内两者之间达到极显著负相关.紫色土磷最大吸附量为277.8 靏穏-1 ,0.1%、0.2%、0.4%PAM处理后紫色土对磷的最大吸附量均降低,分别为263.28 靏穏-1、227.38 靏穏-1、212.88 靏穏-1,但吸附强度却没减弱,甚至得到加强.PAM通过改变土壤集结状态和表面性质对土壤磷慢速吸附阶段产生了显著影响,但对快吸附阶段无明显影响. 相似文献
702.
703.
两种苯甲酸处理系统细菌群落结构的ARDRA分析 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
利用ARDRA(扩增rDNA限制性分析)的方法对两种驯化条件产生的苯甲酸活性污泥中细菌的群落结构进行了分析。提取污泥样品总DNA以后,利用细菌16SrDNA通用引物进行PCR扩增。结果显示:两种活性污泥分别有20.4%和24.3%的酶切类型是自身特有的,可见在微生物群落结构上差别显著。并且利用这种方法分别检测到了103和107种的微生物类型,而利用传统的纯培养手段则只分别分离到了7种和8种微生物,分别只占ARDRA方法的6.8%和7.5%,充分显示了分子生物学的方法在进行微生物群落结构研究方面所具有的优越性。 相似文献
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705.
氧化亚铁硫杆菌对亚铁离子的氧化及其动力学研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
采用9K培养基研究了氧化亚铁硫杆菌氧化Fe^2+过程中,pH和氧化还原电位的变化规律,并对Fe^2+的氧化过程进行动力学分析,确定了其反应级数及反应速率常数。结果表明,(1)在温度为30℃,摇床转速为150r/min的条件下,氧化亚铁硫杆菌的最佳接种量为10.0%;(2)Fe^2+初始质量浓度在11.39~21.72g/L时,随着浓度的增大,Fe^2+达到100%转化率需要的时间增加;(3)氧化亚铁硫杆菌对Fe^2+的氧化可近似看作一级反应,反应速率常数为0.0527~0.0788h。 相似文献
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Bottom ash is the main solid residue (in weight) which is produced by municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) facilities. This material is composed of a mineral matrix and may be used as secondary raw material for construction purpose. However, for this specific application the leaching behavior of the environmentally relevant elements under field conditions is different from the predicted behavior based on results obtained from the standardized leaching test. Therefore, a 70-day simulative experiment has been carried out in this study to investigate the release of major heavy metals (Cu and Pb) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from several particle fractions of bottom ash under a static leaching condition, where bottom ash was immersed in water at different initial pH values. Results showed that: (1) the leaching behavior of Cu and Pb was much similar with that depicted by the standardized leaching tests, and fit well with the solubility-controlling mechanism; (2) the sorption mechanism on the neoformed phases may control the solubility of Pb, whereas the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) may play an important role in the solubility of Cu; and (3) the leached PAHs were degraded during the later period of leaching process. 相似文献
709.
710.
A green-house study was conducted in late 2005 to investigate the aging behavior of p,p'-DDE in two types of soil, Hydragric Anthrosols (An) and Hydragric Acrisols (Ac), according to the World Reference Base (WRB) [FAO/ISRIC/ISSS. 1998. World reference base for soil resources. World soil resources reports, Rome. p. 87]. Paddy rice and dry rice were grown in submerged paddy soils and non-submerged upland soils, respectively. The concentration of extractable p,p'-DDE in fresh DDE-spiked soils was 746.2ngg(-1). During the first few weeks of the experiment, the extractability of p,p'-DDE became increasingly low as the aging period prolonged. However, certain amount of p,p'-DDE that had been captured by soil minerals and organic matter (OM) could be released and became extractable in the later period. The extractability of p,p'-DDE in submerged soils was significantly lower than that in non-submerged soil, because flooding could increase the binding of pollutants to soil particles. The plantation of both dry rice and paddy rice slowed down the aging process of p,p'-DDE. After one month's growth of rice, p,p'-DDE bound to soil particles was released and became extractable. The OM and silt content of An are higher than that of Ac, resulting in more bound residues and relative lower extractability of p,p'-DDE in An. In addition, the extractability of p,p'-DDE could be reduced by the addition of rice straw to soils. 相似文献