Stakeholders on Meat Production, Meat Consumption and Mitigation of Climate Change: Sweden as a Case

In this paper we analyse and discuss the views of Swedish stakeholders on how to mitigate climate change to the extent it is caused by meat production. The stakeholders include meat producer organisations, governmental agencies with direct influence on meat production, political parties as well as non-governmental organisations. Representatives of twelve organisations were interviewed. Several organisations argued against the mitigation option of reducing beef production despite the higher greenhouse gas intensity of beef compared to pork and chicken meat (according to life cycle analysis). Regarding feed production some organisations proposed use of the best available industrial fertilizers, others were against all use of such fertilizers. Several organizations suggested domestic production of more protein-rich fodder and use of manure for biogas production. Regarding meat consumption the focus was on throwing away less food as waste and on eating less meat but the best (most climate friendly) meat, which was considered to be Swedish meat in contrast to imported meat. There was agreement on many issues. Most disagreement was found regarding political steering. We find many of the stakeholders’ mitigation proposals regarding meat production and consumption acceptable. However, we are to some extent critical to their defence of Swedish beef production. We also point out certain problems with the suggestion to reduce consumption of imported meat but not of domestically produced meat.     

区域安全发展与人才支撑复合系统协调性实证

通过对区域安全发展和人才支撑方面的研究综述,从系统理论出发构建了区域安全发展与人才支撑复合系统,并对复合系统理论作出假设和理论分析,进一步研究了复合系统的协调性。在此基础上,对山西安全发展与人才支撑复合系统的协调性进行了实证研究,从人才支撑角度提出了实现山西安全发展的对策与措施。     

Development of pretreatment protocol for DNA extraction from biofilm attached to biologic activated carbon (BAC) granules

The biologic activated carbon (BAC) process is widely used in drinking water treatments. A comprehensive molecular analysis of the microbial community structure provides very helpful data to improve the reactor performance. However, the bottleneck of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction from BAC attached biofilm has to be solved since the conventional procedure was unsuccessful due to firm biomass attachment and adsorption capacity of the BAC granules. In this study, five pretreatments were compared, and adding skim milk followed by ultrasonic vibration was proven to be the optimal choice. This protocol was further tested using the vertical BAC samples from the full-scale biofilter of Pinghu Water Plant. The results showed the DNAyielded a range of 40 μg·g⁻¹ BAC (dry weight) to over 100 μg·g⁻¹ BAC (dry weight), which were consistent with the biomass distribution. All results suggested that the final protocol could produce qualified genomic DNA as a template from the BAC filter for downstream molecular biology researches.     

中国与欧盟环境保护投资统计的比较研究

从环境保护(简称环保)投资概念、环保投资统计口径、环保投资统计方法3个方面比较了中国环保投资统计和欧盟环保支出统计存在的差异,并评估了各自的环保投资规模与效益.并通过借鉴欧盟环保支出统计经验,得出完善中国环保投资统计工作的启示:明确界定环保投资内涵,逐步与国际概念接轨；规范环保投资统计制度,建立科学的统计方法；与国民经济统计相衔接,满足经济活动管理需求.     

化工园区安全标准化管理体系的探讨

针对化工园区存在的安全风险,构建了包括9个一级要素和40个二级要素的安全管理标准化指标体系,设计了化工园区安全标准化管理考核评价标准,并对镇江某化工园区进行实证分析,得出该园区安全标准化等级为二级.依据考核结果,对该园区的安全管理提出了相应的对策措施.     

一起特殊的烟管腐蚀泄漏事故原因分析

2台燃煤锅炉,1台只在冬季使用,其余则用4 t锅炉产生的蒸汽倒灌进行保养.2 t锅炉在更换烟管近3年后再次发生烟管泄漏事故.经调查分析发现,是由于2台锅炉同用一烟道,由于烟气互通,烟气倒灌进保养锅炉烟管,造成烟管低温腐蚀,引起泄漏.     

聚合氯化铝与三氯化铁混凝剂在常规水处理中的运用

通过聚合氯化铅与三氯化铁在常规水处理的生产性实验，从经济成本、水质指标和实际使用存在的问题对其进行分析比较，并比较了两种混凝剂在常规水处理中的优缺点。     

市场转型对中国环境治理结构的影响——国家污染物减排指标的分配机制研究

国家统计局数据显示,2006年我国节能减排任务均远未实现国家"十一五"规划开局之年的目标,特别是主要污染物排放总量不降反升.本文在分析了中国环境治理体系和国家"十一五"规划主要污染物减排指标分配机制的基础上,研究了市场转型对中国环境治理结构的影响.中国的市场转型可以抽象为以"分权让利"、"市场化"和"工业化"为主要特征的结构演进过程.文中提出,中国市场转型过程对环境治理结构造成了重大影响,而环境治理的各项措施反过来也应与市场转型相适应.当前中国主要污染物减排指标没有实现达标的重要原因是国家污染物减排指标的分配机制无法适应我国市场转型的要求.为此,本文提出一系列国家主要污染物减排指标分配机制的政策建议.     

商场消防安全对经济增长贡献率的研究

消防安全对商场安全运行的技术功能保障与维护作用会伴随商场经济运行的全过程,基于此,构建了商场消防安全增值效益理论,提出了商场消防安全经济增长贡献率的概念,对商场消防安全经济增长贡献率进行了分析计算,并在计算的基础上提出了提高商场消防安全的对策建议.     

中国城市化发展决定因素的地区差异

城市化的发展与地方经济发展水平和劳动力迁移密切相关，中重城市化进程中的一个显著特征是区域差异非常明显，其根源是在国内经济发展水平不同的各地区，影响城市化发展的诸因素之发育程度及所起作用不同。本文运用平行数据《panal》模型，对影响中国各省、直辖市和自治区城市化发展的请因素进行了实证分析。主要结论为：①各地区之间，特别是沿海与内地之间。城市化进程的差异非常显著。②在中部地区，第二产业的发展对当地城市化水平的提高起推动作用；而在沿海地区，则由第三产业扮演着更为重要的角色。③对外开放政策对推动中国的城市化发展起了显著作用，在沿海省份表现尤为突出。由此可以推断。中、西部开放力度的加大将推动当地城市化的发展。④农村非农产业的发展在城市化进程中发挥着双重作用：在沿海和西部地区，农村非农产业对城市化起补充作用；而在中部地区，则起替代作用。