全文获取类型
收费全文 | 107篇 |
免费 | 8篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 3篇 |
废物处理 | 1篇 |
环保管理 | 49篇 |
综合类 | 14篇 |
基础理论 | 25篇 |
污染及防治 | 13篇 |
评价与监测 | 2篇 |
社会与环境 | 7篇 |
灾害及防治 | 2篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 4篇 |
2020年 | 3篇 |
2019年 | 3篇 |
2018年 | 5篇 |
2017年 | 7篇 |
2016年 | 11篇 |
2015年 | 3篇 |
2014年 | 8篇 |
2013年 | 21篇 |
2012年 | 11篇 |
2011年 | 3篇 |
2010年 | 4篇 |
2009年 | 2篇 |
2008年 | 5篇 |
2007年 | 4篇 |
2006年 | 3篇 |
2005年 | 2篇 |
2004年 | 1篇 |
2002年 | 1篇 |
2001年 | 2篇 |
2000年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 1篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有116条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
101.
Ali Ercan M. Levent Kavvas Kara Carr Zachary Hockett Hossein Bandeh Timothy D. Mussen Dennis Cocherell Jamilynn B. Poletto Joseph J. Cech Jr. Nann A. Fangue 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2017,53(2):431-441
Most of the water diversions on the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers (California, United States) and their tributaries are currently unscreened. These unscreened diversions are commonly used for irrigation and are potentially harmful to migrating and resident fishes. A large flume (test section: 18.29 m long, 3.05 m wide and 3.20 m high) was used to investigate the hydraulic fields near an unscreened water diversion under ecologically and hydraulically relevant diversion rates and channel flow characteristics. We investigated all combinations of three diversion rates (0.28, 0.42, and 0.57 m3/s) and three sweeping velocities (0.15, 0.38, and 0.61 m/s), with one additional test at 0.71 m3/s and 0.15 m/s. We measured the three‐dimensional velocity field at seven cross sections near a diversion pipe and constructed regression equations of the observed maximum velocities near the pipe. Because the velocity components in three directions (longitudinal, transverse, and vertical) were significantly greater near the diversion pipe inlet compared with those farther from it, they cannot be neglected in the modeling and design of fish guidance and protection devices for diversion pipes. Our results should be of great value in quantifying the hydraulic fields that are formed around fish guidance devices to design more effective protection for fishes from entrainment into unscreened water‐diversion pipes. 相似文献
102.
In phosphorus-limited freshwater systems, small increases in phosphorus (P) concentrations can lead to eutrophication. To reduce P inputs to these systems, various environmental and agricultural agencies provide producers with incentives to implement best management practices (BMPs). In this study, we examine both the water quality and economic consequences of systematically protecting saturated, runoff-generating areas from active agriculture with selected BMPs. We also examine the joint water quality/economic impacts of these BMPs-specifically BMPs focusing on barnyards and buffer areas. Using the Variable Source Loading Function model (a modified Generalized Watershed Loading Function model) and net present value analysis (NPV), the results indicate that converting runoff-prone agricultural land to buffers and installing barnyard BMPs are both highly effective in decreasing dissolved P loss from a single-farm watershed, but are also costly for the producer. On average, including barnyard BMPs decreases the nutrient loading by about 5.5% compared with only implementing buffers. The annualized NPV for installing both buffers on only the wettest areas of the landscape and implementing barnyard BMPs becomes positive only if the BMPs lifetime exceeds 15 yr. The spatial location of the BMPs in relation to runoff producing areas, the time frame over which the BMPs are implemented, and the marginal costs of increasing buffer size were found to be the most critical considerations for water quality and profitability. The framework presented here incorporates estimations of nutrient loading reductions in the economic analysis, and is applicable to farms facing BMP adoption decisions. 相似文献
103.
Anastasiah N. Ngigi Zachary M. Getenga Hamadi I. Boga Paul K. Ndalut 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(8):769-778
In this study soils from sugarcane-cultivated fields were screened for bacterial species capable of atrazine (6-chloro-N2-ethyl-N4-isopropyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine) degradation due to long exposure of the soils to this herbicide. To enrich for atrazine degraders, Minimal Salt Medium containing atrazine as the sole N source and glucose as the C source was inoculated with soils impacted with this herbicide and incubated. Bacterial growth was monitored by measuring optical density. The degradation of atrazine was followed by measuring residual atrazine in liquid cultures over a given time period by high performance liquid chromatography. Bacterial strains isolated from the enrichment cultures were characterized by biochemical tests and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Two bacterial strains coded ISL 8 and ISL 15 isolated from two different fields were shown to have 94 and 96% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Burkholderia cepacia respectively. Another bacterial sp., ISL 14 was closely related to Enterobacter cloacae with a 96% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. There was not much difference between the extents of atrazine degradation by the enrichment cultures with communities (79–82% applied amount) from which pure strains were isolated and the pure strains themselves in liquid cultures that showed a degradation of 53–83% of applied amount. The study showed existence of bacterial strains in different sugarcane-cultivated fields which can use atrazine as a nitrogen source. The bacterial strains isolated can be used to enhance the degradation of atrazine in contaminated soils where atrazine is still considered to be recalcitrant. 相似文献
104.
Daniel R. Fuka Zachary M. Easton Erin S. Brooks Jan Boll Tammo S. Steenhuis M. Todd Walter 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2012,48(6):1151-1161
Abstract: We present a method to integrate a process‐based (PB) snowmelt model that requires only daily temperature and elevation information into the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The model predicts the spatiotemporal snowpack distribution without adding additional complexity, and in fact reduces the number of calibrated parameters. To demonstrate the utility of the PB model, we calibrate the PB and temperature‐index (TI) SWAT models to optimize agreement with stream discharge on a 46‐km2 watershed in northwestern Idaho, United States, for 10 individual years and use the calibrated parameters for the year with the best agreement to run the model for 15 remaining years. Stream discharge predictions by the PB and TI model were similar, although the PB model simulated snowmelt more accurately than the TI model for the remaining 15‐year period. Spatial snow distributions predicted by the PB model better matched observations from LandSat imagery and a SNOTEL station. Results for this watershed show that including PB snowmelt in watershed models is feasible, and calibration of TI‐based watershed models against discharge can incorrectly predict snow cover. 相似文献
105.
Combined monitoring and modeling indicate the most effective agricultural best management practices 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Although water quality problems associated with agricultural nonpoint source (NPS) pollution have prompted the rapid and widespread adoption of a variety of so called "best management practices" (BMPs), there have been few realistic efforts to assess their combined effectiveness in reducing NPS pollution. This study used the Variable Source Loading Function (VSLF) model, a distributed watershed model, to simulate phosphorus (P) loading from an upstate New York dairy farm before and after the implementation of a suite of BMPs. With minimal calibration, the model calculates the dissolved P (DP) losses from impervious surfaces (e.g., barnyards), the plant/soil complex, field-applied manure, and loads associated with baseflow conditions. The simulated DP loads agreed well with measured loads for both the pre-BMP and post-BMP periods. More importantly, results showed that BMPs reduced DP loads by 35%, which is over half of the expected reduction if all manure was removed from the watershed, i.e., approximately 50% reduction. The model results indicate that had no BMPs been installed DP loads would be approximately 37% greater than observed at the watershed outlet. The most effective BMPs were those that disassociated pollutant loading areas from areas prone to generating runoff, i.e., hydrologically sensitive areas. By contrast, attempts to reduce P content in manure were somewhat less effective. This study demonstrates that a combination of distributed, mechanistic modeling and long-term monitoring provides better insights into the effectiveness of water quality protection efforts than either individually. 相似文献
106.
Zachary Douglas Cole Holly M. Donohoe Michael L. Stellefson 《Environmental management》2013,51(3):511-523
The interactive capacity of the Internet offers benefits that are intimately linked with contemporary research innovation in the natural resource and environmental studies domains. However, e-research methodologies, such as the e-Delphi technique, have yet to undergo critical review. This study advances methodological discourse on the e-Delphi technique by critically assessing an e-Delphi case study. The analysis suggests that the benefits of using e-Delphi are noteworthy but the authors acknowledge that researchers are likely to face challenges that could potentially compromise research validity and reliability. To ensure that these issues are sufficiently considered when planning and designing an e-Delphi, important facets of the technique are discussed and recommendations are offered to help the environmental researcher avoid potential pitfalls associated with coordinating e-Delphi research. 相似文献
107.
Cesar Beltran N. R. Edwards A. B. Haurie J.-P. Vial D. S. Zachary 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2006,11(1):31-43
In this paper, we show how oracle-based optimization can be effectively used for the calibration of an intermediate complexity
climate model. In a fully developed example, we estimate the 12 principal parameters of the C-GOLDSTEIN climate model by using
an oracle-based optimization tool, Proximal-ACCPM. The oracle is a procedure that finds, for each query point, a value for
the goodness-of-fit function and an evaluation of its gradient. The difficulty in the model calibration problem stems from
the need to undertake costly calculations for each simulation and also from the fact that the error function used to assess
the goodness-of-fit is not convex. The method converges to a ‘best fit’ estimate over 10 times faster than a comparable test
using the ensemble Kalman filter. The approach is simple to implement and potentially useful in calibrating computationally
demanding models based on temporal integration (simulation), for which functional derivative information is not readily available. 相似文献
108.
109.
Zachary H. Bowen Robert G. Waltermire 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2002,38(1):33-41
ABSTRACT: LIDAR is relatively new in the commercial market for remote sensing of topography and it is difficult to find objective reporting on the accuracy of LIDAR measurements in an applied context. Accuracy specifications for LIDAR data in published evaluations range from 1 to 2 m root mean square error (RMSEx,y) and 15 to 20 cm RMSEz. Most of these estimates are based on measurements over relatively flat, homogeneous terrain. This study evaluated the accuracy of one LIDAR data set over a range of terrain types in a western river corridor. Elevation errors based on measurements over all terrain types were larger (RMSEz equals 43 cm) than values typically reported. This result is largely attributable to horizontal positioning limitations (1 to 2 m RMSEx,y) in areas with variable terrain and large topographic relief. Cross‐sectional profiles indicated algorithms that were effective for removing vegetation in relatively flat terrain were less effective near the active channel where dense vegetation was found in a narrow band along a low terrace. LIDAR provides relatively accurate data at densities (50,000 to 100,000 points per km2) not feasible with other survey technologies. Other options for projects requiring higher accuracy include low‐altitude aerial photography and intensive ground surveying. 相似文献
110.
R. J. Wapner MD J. L. Simpson M. S. Golbus J. M. Zachary D. H. Ledbetter R. J. Desnick S. E. Fowler L. G. Jackson H. Lubs R. J. Mahony E. Pergament G. G. Rhoads J. D. Shulman F. De La Cruz 《黑龙江环境通报》1992,12(5):347-355
Cytogenetic data from the United States NICHD collaborative study of chorionic villus sampling (CVS) were used to evaluate the clinical significance of chorionic mosaicism. The 10 754 patients with normal cytogenetic results were compared wtih 108 patients (1.0 per cent) with placental mosaicism and 181 patients (1.6 per cent) with pseudomosaicism. Of the pregnancies intended to continue, the pregnancy loss rate was significantly greater in patients with placental mosaicism than in the cytogenetically normal cohort (8.6 vs. 3.4 per cent, p <0.05). However, there was no difference in the frequencies of abruptio placenta, preterm labour or delivery, small-for-gestational-age newborns, pregnancy-induced hypertension, or neonates with Apgar scores less than 7. 相似文献