Hydrothermal liquefaction phase behavior of microalgae & model compounds in fused silica capillary reactor

A fused silica capillary reactor combined with a heating/cooling stage, a microscope and a digital camera were used to investigate phase behavior during the hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae (Dunaliella tertiolecta) and model compounds, including soya protein and glycine, starch, glucose and xylose, stearic acid and palmitic acid. Bubbles were generated at 246°C and disappeared at 360°C upon heating when Dunaliella tertiolecta used as feedstocks. Moreover, liquid products were generated at 300°C upon heating and oily liquid products began to separate out at 250°C upon cooling. The phase behavior of soya protein was similar to that of the Dunaliella tertiolecta. Meanwhile, there only observed the bubbles generation during hydrothermal liquefaction of glycine. Heating the starch, glucose and xylose above 350°C generated black solids from carbonization. Stearic acid and palmitic acid only had the process of melting, dissolution, dispersion and precipitation.     

干旱胁迫下壳聚糖对玉米幼苗保护酶的影响

干旱条件下,采用喷洒不同浓度的壳聚糖溶液处理玉米幼苗,测定其过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)保护酶活性。结果表明,壳聚糖溶液处理的玉米幼苗保护酶活性较对照组均有一定程度提高,说明干旱胁迫下壳聚糖溶液处理玉米幼苗有利于其生长,为壳聚糖溶液处理玉米幼苗抵抗干旱胁迫的影响提供了理论依据。     

污染土壤中重金属锌吸附菌株的筛选研究

主要对污染土壤中吸附重金属锌菌株的筛选、鉴定进行研究。从污染土壤样品中富集培养微生物菌株,通过吸附率测定,得到4株锌吸附能力较高的菌株,分别命名为Zn A-4、Zn E-3、Zn H-2、Zn L-2,其中Zn H-2菌株对锌的吸附率最高,达到48.30%,其次是Zn L-2,吸附率为42.95%。通过常规细菌鉴定方法,从菌落形态特征、生理生化试验两方面对4株菌进行鉴定,初步鉴定这4株菌均为芽孢杆菌属。此功能性菌株有望在土壤污染原位固定技术中作为修复菌剂。     

What factors determine whether a community will choose the pathway to sustainable development in China?

In this paper, we divide the communities in Central China into four groups, namely ecological high-poverty communities, non-ecological high-poverty communities, sustainable communities and non-ecological low-poverty communities. We use 2000 and 2006 data for 498 counties to conduct analysis and comparison between sustainable and unsustainable communities in order to define determinants of the development pathways to sustainable communities. The comparison of the variable means between the groups of ecological high-poverty communities and non-ecological high-poverty communities in 2006 indicates that there is no significant difference in the dimensions related to economy, society and environment, with the exception of average output value per industrial enterprise.

The non-ecological low-poverty communities are more likely to have a higher proportion of secondary industry, higher total industrial output value, higher average output value per industrial enterprise and higher intensity of infrastructure construction, compared to the sustainable communities. The factors that determine whether the communities will choose the pathway to sustainable communities are found to be landscape, social conditions of secondary industry and agriculture and economic development level. Hence, the policies that aim at promoting sustainability for the unsustainable communities will have to focus on different strategies and actions for non-ecological high-poverty and non-ecological low-poverty communities.     

回顾性环境影响评价程序及内容研究

回顾性环境影响评价是环境影响评价的一个分支,是继常规环境影响评价之后,为检验实际环境影响和减缓措施的有效性行为。其工作内容主要包括环境监测、检验与评估、环境管理及其他环境研究。它既是对原环境影响评价过程中所使用的预测模型和结果正确性的验证,又是对原工作内容进行重要的补充和修正,并提出更为合理和实用的环境保护措施及对策     

新疆乡镇企业经济与生态环境保护协调发展战略的探讨（二）

文中论述了新疆地区乡镇企业发展与生态环境有关的产业结构特点和分布,分地区、分行业计算了乡镇工业1985—1988年的“三废”污染和生态破坏状况,并对1995年和2000年“三废”污染控制数量及生态—经济规划指标作了综合评述。提出了新疆乡镇企业经济与生态环境保护协调发展战略的主要对策和建议。     

石油降解固态菌剂的研制

用喷雾干燥和表面吸附固定化两种工艺对石油降解菌剂进行固态菌研制。结果表明:在对菌浓度为9.7×109 cfu/mL的500mL发酵液添加40g轻质碳酸钠后进行喷雾干燥,在进风温度为120℃,进样量为12mL/min的条件下,得到粉剂产品56g,含水量为4.6%,菌密度为10.05×109 cfu/g,产品得率为11.6%;在对菌浓度为9.7×109 cfu/mL的500mL发酵液添加1 500g麸皮进行吸附固定化处理,得到粉剂产品1 438.6g,水分含量为7.9%,菌密度为5.7×108 cfu/g,产品得率为16.9%。考虑到喷雾工艺设备投资大,能耗多等不利因素,因此建议使用吸附固定化技术作为石油降解固态菌剂的下游处理技术。     

生态城市评价指标体系构建及实证研究

构建了针对秦皇岛市的生态城市评价指标体系,采用多指标综合评价法,对2011年秦皇岛市城市生态化程度进行了评价。结果表明:秦皇岛市城市生态化综合指数为0.687,生态化程度为2级水平,经济持续发展子系统和资源能源节约子系统较为薄弱。根据评价结果,提出了大力发展循环经济、加强水污染治理、提高资源能源利用效率、加大生态建设力度等建议。     

Numerical Simulation of Light/Dark Cycle Frequency of Microalgae Fluid in a Helical Tubular Photobioreactor for Carbon Dioxide Capture

In the present study, three-dimensional numerical simulations are conducted on hydrodynamics and light-intensity distribution of microalgae fluid flow in a helical tubular photobioreactor for CO₂ capture. The effect of incident direction of the light illumination is discussed and the light/dark cycle frequency experienced by the microalgae fluid in the cross-section of the photobioreactor is investigated. The simulation results reveal the steadily nonhorizontal and unsymmetrical Dean roll-cells of the microalgae fluid flow in the cross-section of the helical tube. The external light projecting onto the helical tubular photobioreactor from the center is a better way for microalgae cultivation. The light/dark cycle frequency of the microalgae fluid flow is calculated based on the light-intensity distribution inside the photobioreactor. The light/dark cycle frequency keeps constant for the same stream trace of the microalgae flow while varies with different flow regions. Meanwhile, the light/dark cycle frequency increases with the increase in microalgae fluid velocity. The suitable demarcation between the light and the dark zone depends on the shape and the location of the Dean roll-cells.