Easurements of placental,decidual, and fetal proteins before and after chorionic villus sampling

Circulating placental [human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), Schwangerschafts protein 1 (SP1), pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), decidual (pregnancy protein) 12 (PP12), and fetal alphafetoprotein (AFP)] proteins were measured immediately before and within 1 h in 18 women undergoing diagnostic chorionic villus sampling (CVS) in the first trimester. An elevation of serum AFP levels was consistently seen, while fluctuations in excess of 10 per cent of the pre-CVS levels of SP1 and PP12 were seen in the majority of patients. Fluctuations in hCG and PAPP-A were consistently less than 10 per cent of pre-CVS values. Post-CVS changes in levels were not apparently associated with any feature of the technique, the pregnancy, or its outcome (one missed abortion). As feto-maternal haemorrhage is a common event, anti-D should be offered to rhesus-negative women undergoing CVS. In the prediction of subsequent miscarriage, only hCG and PAPP-A measurements should be considered.     

汽油清净剂的研究应用及进展

随着环保要求的日趋严格及汽车工业的发展创新，开展汽油清净剂的研究和应用工作已势在必行。本文介绍了国内外汽油清净剂的发展过程、应用现状，同时还介绍了将清净分散剂、抗氧防腐剂、减磨剂、防锈剂等添加剂复合而成的汽油清净剂的研制情况。实验结果表明：该剂具有抑制和清除发动机燃燃油系统沉积物的性能，达到国外第三代同类产品的水平。