折流式水解反应器处理印染废水温影响研究

在水温为5℃、9．7℃、14．9℃、19．7℃、23．5℃和31．1℃6种温度的条件下，应用折流式水解反应器对印染废水进行水解试验研究。结果表明，提高水温可增大COD、色度及UVA254的去除效率，相应的ORP值变小，pH值升高，水解程度加深。水温5℃时，水解效果较差；水温在10—23．5℃内，水解效果相对较好，31．1℃水解效果最好，研究结果能为工程应用提供一定的参考。     

关于环境监测报告(表)中有关数字表达问题的探讨

对环境质量公报中的数字表达时数位太多，不利于简明扼要地表达各类监测结果这一问题进行了探讨，笔者根据国家标准在数字用法方面的一些规定结合环境监测实际情况，提出了如下建议：化验室等原始记录中分析结果的数字表达应根据具体监测项目规定的标准分析方法的检测限所规定的数字精度来表达，而在报出结果时应根据各分析项目的质量标准指标确定的表达方式（关键是有效数字的位数）来表达。     

生活污水分散处理再生利用

针对目前我国水资源短缺的实际情况和生活污水集中处理再生利用的弊端，提出适度的生活污水分散处理及再生利用是对集中污水处理再生利用的必要补充，污水的再生利用是开源节流，减轻水体污染，改善生态环境．解决水资源危机的有效途径之一。     

Comparison of epidemiology and injury profile between vulnerable road users and motor vehicle occupants in road traffic fatalities

Objective: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a major global health issue causing a global burden of mortality and morbidity. Half of all fatalities on the world’s roads are vulnerable road users (VRUs). The targeted intervention strategies based on fatality analysis focusing on VRUs can effectively contribute to reducing RTIs. This study aimed to compare VRUs and motor vehicle occupants (MVOs) in terms of epidemiology and injury profile.

Methods: We utilized a nationwide, prospective database of RTI-related mortality cases for patients who visited 23 emergency departments between January 2011 and December 2015. All fatalities due to RTIs in the prehospital phase or in-hospital were eligible, excluding patients with unknown mode of transport and those admitted to general wards. The primary and secondary outcomes were fracture injuries and visceral injuries diagnosed using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). We compared fracture injuries between VRUs and MVOs using Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) 2? and 2+ classification.

Results: Among a total 3,694 road traffic fatalities (RTFs), 43.3% were pedestrians, followed by MVOs (27.0%), motorcyclists (18.9), bicyclists (6.6%), and agricultural vehicle users (4.2%). The elderly (>60 years old) accounted for 54.9% of VRU fatalities. RTFs occurred most frequently in the autumn and the VRU group and the MVO group showed significant differences in weekly and diurnal variation in RTFs. The injury severities (AIS 2+) of the head, neck, and thorax were significantly different between the 2 groups (P?Conclusions: Elderly pedestrians should be targeted for decreases in RTFs, and road traffic safety interventions for VRUs should be made based on the analysis of temporal epidemiology and injury profiles of RTFs.     

北戴河鸟类生境分析及保护对策

北戴河及相邻地区的鸟类种数繁多,约有409种,其中属国家一类保护鸟类的有12种,二类保护鸟类的有49种。分析其原因,一是北戴河位于中国东部候鸟迁徙的停歇地;二是生境复杂多样,环境质量优良。为保护鸟类及其生境,应制定并实施相应的地方法规和经济技术政策,建立并完善自然保护区,开展宣传教育,动员公众参与。     

Low-temperature VOCs oxidation performance of Pt/zeolites catalysts with hierarchical pore structure

Different zeolites supported Pt catalysts with micro-mesoporous structure were prepared by organic base tetrapropylammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) treatment and their catalytic oxidation activity for various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were evaluated. The results reveal that the synergistic effect between Pt nanoparticles and surface acid sites plays an important role in VOCs low-temperature removal. The small size and high dispersion of Pt nanoparticles on the surface of the zeolites would promote the catalytic oxidation of aromatics and alkanes over the Pt/zeolite catalysts, while strong acidity and abundant acid sites of catalysts are in favour of the oxidation of the VOCs containing N and O heteroatoms. In addition, it was found that Pt/ZSM-5 catalyst exhibits the highest oxidation activity for various VOCs low-temperature removal amongst all the catalysts due to the balance of both Pt dispersion and abundant acid sites in the catalyst. This comprehensive consideration should be very helpful when designing and preparing novel catalysts for the low-temperature removal of VOCs.     

光助Fenton氧化、化学絮凝法联合处理R盐废水的研究

采用光助Fenton氧化、化学絮凝法联合处理生物难降解的R盐废水,考察了不同反应条件对处理效果的影响。试验结果表明,光助Fenton氧化、化学絮凝法联合处理废水,两者之间存在协同作用,可以提高处理效果,降低处理成本。在最佳试验条件下,R盐废水经光助Fenton氧化、化学絮凝法联合处理后,COD去除率可达90%以上。     

Impacts of urban forests on offsetting carbon emissions from industrial energy use in Hangzhou,China

This study quantified carbon storage and sequestration by urban forests and carbon emissions from energy consumption by several industrial sources in Hangzhou, China. Carbon (C) storage and sequestration were quantified using urban forest inventory data and by applying volume-derived biomass equations and other models relating net primary productivity (NPP) and mean annual biomass increments. Industrial energy use C emissions were estimated by accounting for fossil fuel use and assigning C emission factors. Total C storage by Hangzhou's urban forests was estimated at 11.74 Tg C, and C storage per hectare was 30.25 t C. Carbon sequestration by urban forests was 1,328, 166.55 t C/year, and C sequestration per ha was 1.66 t C/ha/year. Carbon emissions from industrial energy use in Hangzhou were 7 Tg C/year. Urban forests, through sequestration, annually offset 18.57% of the amount of carbon emitted by industrial enterprises, and store an amount of C equivalent to 1.75 times the amount of annual C emitted by industrial energy uses within the city. Management practices for improving Hangzhou's urban forests function of offsetting C emissions from energy consumption are explored. These results can be used to evaluate the urban forests' role in reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide.     

试析环境保护与科学发展观的关系

环境保护既是科学发展观的重要组成部分,又是科学发展观的主要来源之一,在科学发展观中具有重要而独特的作用。在我国全面建设小康社会和社会主义现代化建设中,科学发展观统领经济社会发展全局,对环境保护具有重大的指导意义和作用,促使环境保护发展到一个新阶段。     

Evaluation of Hook Handles in a Pulling Task

To evaluate the effect of handle design characteristics on subjective ratings and pulling forces, meat-hook handles with various handle shapes, sizes, and hook positions were tested in a pulling task. Finger and phalange force data measured by force sensitive resistors and subjective ratings of discomfort were also evaluated. Generally subjects preferred 37-mm double frustum, 30-mm oval handles followed by 30-mm double frustum handles, 37-mm oval, and 45-mm double frustum handles. In the analyses of total pulling force, 37- and 45-mm double frustum handles showed less required pulling force than the others. The averages of finger force contributions to the total pulling force were 27.2, 28.1, 23.9, and 20.8% in order from index to little fingers. The average of phalange force contributions were 28.8, 33.6, and 37.6% for the distal, middle, and proximal phalanges, respectively. The findings illustrate that the pulling finger forces and subjective discomfort ratings were related to the handle shape as well as handle size.