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131.
Surface water methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) concentrations and fluxes were investigated in two subtropical coastal embayments (Bramble Bay and Deception Bay, which are part of the greater Moreton Bay, Australia). Measurements were done at 23 stations in seven campaigns covering different seasons during 2010-2012. Water-air fluxes were estimated using the Thin Boundary Layer approach with a combination of wind and currents-based models for the estimation of the gas transfer velocities. The two bays were strong sources of both CH4 and N2O with no significant differences in the degree of saturation of both gases between them during all measurement campaigns. Both CH4 and N2O concentrations had strong temporal but minimal spatial variability in both bays. During the seven seasons, CH4 varied between 500% and 4000% saturation while N2O varied between 128 and 255% in the two bays. Average seasonal CH4 fluxes for the two bays varied between 0.5 ± 0.2 and 6.0 ± 1.5 mg CH4/(m2·day) while N2O varied between 0.4 ± 0.1 and 1.6 ± 0.6 mg N2O/(m2·day). Weighted emissions (t CO2-e) were 63%-90% N2O dominated implying that a reduction in N2O inputs and/or nitrogen availability in the bays may significantly reduce the bays' greenhouse gas (GHG) budget. Emissions data for tropical and subtropical systems is still scarce. This work found subtropical bays to be significant aquatic sources of both CH4 and N2O and puts the estimated fluxes into the global context with measurements done from other climatic regions. 相似文献
132.
Mobility and sulfidization of heavy metals in sediments of a shallow eutrophic lake,Lake Taihu,China
Shouliang Huo Jingtian Zhang Kevin M. Yeager Beidou Xi Yanwen Qin Zhuoshi He Fengchang Wu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2015
The technique of DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films) using three diffusive gel thicknesses was applied to estimate the mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals in sediments and porewater of Lake Taihu, China. The DGT results showed significantly positive correlations between Co, Pb, Cd and Mn, and Ni and Fe concentrations in porewater. Cu and Zn showed a significantly negative correlation with Mn, due to Cu combination with carbonates and Zn derived from agricultural pollution, respectively. The rank order of average concentrations of Co, Ni and Cd at each station was DGT1.92 > DGT0.78 > DGT0.39, suggesting stronger resupply from sediments to porewater when using thicker diffusive gels. Comparing centrifugation and DGT measurements, Co, Ni and Cd are highly labile; Mn and Fe are moderately labile; and Cu, Zn and Pb are slightly labile. The variations of AVS concentrations in sediment cores indicate that metal sulfides in deeper layers are easily diffused into surface sediments. 相似文献
133.
Removal kinetics of phosphorus through use of basic oxygen furnace slag(BOF-slag)was investigated through batch experiments. Effects of several parameters such as initial phosphorus concentration, temperature, BOF-slag size, initial p H, and BOF-slag dosage on phosphorus removal kinetics were measured in detail. It was demonstrated that the removal process of phosphorus through BOF-slag followed pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics. The apparent rate constant(kobs) significantly decreased with increasing initial phosphorus concentration, BOF-slag size, and initial p H, whereas it exhibited an opposite trend with increasing reaction temperature and BOF-slag dosage.A linear dependence of kobson total removed phosphorus(TRP) was established with kobs=(3.51 ± 0.11) × 10- 4× TRP. Finally, it was suggested that the Langmuir–Rideal(L–R)or Langmuir–Hinshelwood(L–H) mechanism may be used to describe the removal process of phosphorus using BOF-slag. 相似文献
134.
2012年12月—2013年5月对江苏启东蒿枝港至连云港西大堤长约730 km岸线内的69个岸滩堤坝站点进行了绿潮藻种类组成及数量分布调查.结果表明:绿潮藻出现的站点占总设置站点的26.09%,出现绿潮藻岸线长度约占整个江苏调查岸线长度的22.83%;岸滩上绿潮藻主要生长在沿岸石堤、养殖围坝和植被较浅相对稀疏的草滩上,绿潮藻种类组成主要有浒苔(Ulva prolifera)、曲浒苔(Ulva flexuosa)和缘管浒苔(Ulva linza).1—3月浒苔为主要优势种,4—5月曲浒苔为主要优势种,缘管浒苔在历次调查中其湿重生物量均很低.5月岸滩上固着绿潮藻量约36.7 t,不及海上飘来附着在岸滩上绿潮藻量的1/10,岸滩上固着绿潮藻中浒苔的量约为同期海上飘来浒苔湿重生物量的0.6%,岸滩堤坝不会是引起绿潮暴发的主要源头. 相似文献
135.
136.
上海高密度居民区合流制系统雨天溢流水质研究 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
城市面源污染已成为上海城区河道的主要污染源.为此,研究了上海市合流制排水区域SA雨天溢流的水质特性,并探讨了溢流水质的主要影响因素.结果表明,该区域雨天溢流COD、BOD、SS、NH3-N、TN、TP事件平均浓度的均值分别为614mg/L、208.5 mg/L、684 mg/L、17.6 mg/L、29.8 mg/L、3.0 mg/L,远高于国外的一些研究结果;分析事件平均浓度的对数正态概率分布表明,BOD的对数正态分布性最好;此外,研究还发现COD和SS溢流浓度和前期晴天数与降雨历时的比值呈现出较高的正相关性. 相似文献
137.
随着城市化进程加快,城市生活垃圾问题越来越严重。本文根据“利益相关者管理”理论提出参与治理途径来解决城市生活垃圾问题,并且对参与治理城市生活垃圾进行了深入分析。最后从实践角度讨论了参与治理的制度安排和模式选择。 相似文献
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