曝气-过滤一体化装置脱氮除磷的研究

曝气-过滤一体化装置将生物反应器与过滤机理有机结合,较好地维持了反应器中的高污泥浓度,实现了水力停留时间（HRT）与污泥停留时间的分离。采用连续流间歇曝气工艺对该装置的脱氮除磷效果进行了研究。实验结果表明：在HRT为8h,运行方式为曝气2h、停曝2h的条件下,COD去除率为95．55％,NH3-N未检出,TN为84．90％,TP为93．69％,出水各项指标都达到了GB8978-1996（污水综合排放标准》一级排放标准要求。     

Distribution characteristics of nonylphenol in Jiaozhou Bay of Qingdao and its adjacent rivers

Nonylphenol (NP) is an endocrine disruptor and causes harmful effects including feminization and carcinogenesis to various organisms. Consequently, its contamination in natural waters has received wide concerns. This study aims to investigate the seasonal variation and contamination level of nonylphenol in Jiaozhou Bay of Qingdao and its adjacent rivers. A total of 10 phenolic compounds including alkylphenol, chlorophenol and bisphenol A were measured in water, suspended solids and sediments in winter (January), spring (April) and summer (July) of 2005. The results showed that nonylphenol accounted for the majority of phenolic compounds and that its concentrations in Jiaozhou Bay ranged between 20.2-269 ng l(-1), 17.1-77.5 ng l(-1) and 3.6-299 ng g(-1)dw in surface water, suspended solids and surface sediment, respectively. There existed a significant correlation between nonylphenol in water and in suspended solids. The concentration of nonylphenol in water varied with seasons and generally showed a decreasing order of July>April>January. The concentrations of nonylphenol in the adjacent rivers were much higher with the maximum of 28600 ng l(-1) in surface water. The spatial distribution of nonylphenol in Jiaozhou Bay was influenced by freshwater discharge from the adjacent rivers as well as current circulation system within the bay. The pollution level of nonylphenol in Jiaozhou Bay was comparable to other highly polluted areas of the world and its possible effects on local organisms were discussed.     

Aerobic granulation for 2,4-dichlorophenol biodegradation in a sequencing batch reactor

Development of aerobic granules for the biological degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) in a sequencing batch reactor was reported. A key strategy was involving the addition of glucose as a co-substrate and step increase in influent 2,4-DCP concentration. After operation of 39d, stable granules with a diameter range of 1-2mm and a clearly defined shape and appearance were obtained. After granulation, the effluent 2,4-DCP and chemical oxygen demand concentrations were 4.8mgl(-1) and 41mgl(-1), with high removal efficiencies of 94% and 95%, respectively. Specific 2,4-DCP biodegradation rates in the granules followed the Haldane model for substrate inhibition, and peaked at 39.6mg2,4-DCPg(-1)VSS(-1)h(-1) at a 2,4-DCP concentration of 105mgl(-1). Efficient degradation of 2,4-DCP by the aerobic granules suggests their potential application in the treatment of industrial wastewater containing chlorophenols and other inhibitory chemicals.     

控制挥发性有机化合物污染的技术

介绍了工业生产中排放的挥发性有机化合物的种类,主要排放源及其处理方法,并着重介绍了世界上比较先进的蓄热式燃烧法和蓄热式催化氧化法。     

地铁隧道不同排烟风速对火灾烟气控制的模拟分析

以某地铁隧道过江段为研究对象,基于CFD数值模拟方法,采用大涡模拟火灾分析软件FDS对相同纵向风速条件下,排烟道内不同排烟风速对地铁列车火灾烟气控制效果的影响进行模拟对比分析,分析结果可为设计单位对在排烟风机的选取提供一定的参考。模拟分析的结果表明,当纵向风速设定为1m/s时,排烟风道内排烟风速为5m/s即能达到较好的地铁列车火灾烟气控制效果。     

警惕来自外太空的灾害

<正>强烈的太阳风暴并非地震与海啸等自然灾害的主要诱因,但它对航天、通信、电力等人类的高科技活动却会造成严重影响。美国国家科学院和美国宇航局2010年初郑重预警了2012—2014年太阳风暴将带来的影响。科学家们担忧,太阳的这一次猛然"苏醒",也     

机加工乳化油废水处理实验研究与工艺设计

对机加工乳化液废水进行了破乳剂筛选及絮凝条件实验。实验结果表明,最佳破乳剂为浓硫酸,投加量为0.5%(体积分数)时即可将含油量从8670 mg/L降至30 mg/L以下;pH呈弱碱性,PAM投加量为50 mg/L时絮凝效果最好,COD最低可降至480 mg/L。根据实验结果及企业现状,提出了合理可行的"酸化破乳-中和-絮凝"的工艺流程,最终出水可直排入城市下水道。     

谈露天煤矿的安全隐患与防范措施

＂安全为天、安全为本＂是生产、生活中永恒的主题。无论从事何种生产经营活动,都必须把安全作为一项基础工作来抓,处处体现＂安全第一、预防为主、综合治理＂的安全生产方针。