排序方式: 共有45条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
22.
基于 CFD 流体计算平台 Fluent 计算软件,对雷诺数 Re=3 900 下波浪型圆柱体结构三维绕流问题进行了研究,主要分析波长比(λ/Dm=1.8~5.0)与波幅比(a/Dm=0.05~0.2)两个关键参数对波浪型圆柱体的绕流特性及其尾流场分布特性的影响且引入了光滑圆柱(UC)计算结果作对比,并进一步揭示其内在的尾流控制机理。研究表明:波浪型圆柱体尾流特性存在强烈的三维效应,节点处与鞍形处流场特性分布存在明显差异;波浪型圆柱尾流区的顺流向时均速度分布呈现出半对称 U 型,而轴向方向的时均速度分布则呈现出强烈的三维效应;波浪型柱体沿径向方向压力分布也呈现出强烈的三维效应,一般在节点处的压力达到最小值,在中间截面处压力值达到最大;随波幅比增大,阻力系数平均值与脉动性升力系数大致呈现出衰减趋势,并在 a/Dm=0.2 处达到最小值。波浪型柱体结构压差阻力的减少为结构流动控制提供相关支撑。 相似文献
23.
Lei Zhao Jun Ma Zhizhong Sun Zhengqian Liu Yixin Yang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2008,2(1):44-50
The ozonation of nitrobenzene in aqueous solution was carried out in a semi-batch reactor to investigate the degradation efficiency, the effect factors, and the reaction mechanism, where honeycomb ceramic was used as a catalyst. The presence of honeycomb ceramic could improve the degradation rate of nitrobenzene by 15.46% compared to the results of ozonation alone. Under the conditions of this experiment, the degradation rate of honeycomb ceramic-catalyzed ozonation increased by 12.94% with the increase of the amount of catalyst from 1 to 5 blocks. The degradation rates all increased greatly with the increase of temperature and pH of the solution in the processes of honeycomb ceramiccatalyzed ozonation and ozonation alone. But, when the pH of the solution increased to 9.50, the advantage of the honeycomb ceramic-catalyzed ozonation process would be lost. The experimental findings indicated that in the processes of ozonation alone and honeycomb ceramic-catalyzed ozonation, nitrobenzene was primarily oxidized by ·OH free radical in aqueous solution. The adsorption of nitrobenzene was too limited to have an important influence on the degradation rate of nitrobenzene. With the same total dosage of applied ozone, the multiple step addition of ozone showed much higher removal efficiency than that obtained by one step in the two processes. 相似文献
24.
研究了六氯苯(HCB)对微型水生生物群落的影响及其吸附、传递过程.测定了群落的耗氧量和不同粒经颗粒物的生物量及HCB变化.试验结果显示,在6μg/L HCB影响下,群落的呼吸作用受到抑制,生物量减少.试验第1天,30.0%(质量分数,下同)的HCB以溶解态存在,26.3%吸附在0.22~2 μm的颗粒物(以细菌为主)上,22.1%吸附在2~8 μm的颗粒物(以鞭毛虫和藻类为主)上,21.6%吸附在大于8 μm的颗粒物(以藻类和大型原生动物为主)上.48 h后,溶解态的HCB逐渐减少,并由食物链低营养级向高营养级传递.最后74.9%的HCB都吸附在微型生物群落等颗粒物上,只有25.1%的HCB以溶解态存在. 相似文献
25.
26.
Zhihuan Zhao Jimin Fan Mingming Xie Zhizhong Wang 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2009,17(11):1025-1029
CO2 is photo-catalytically reduced to produce formic acid, methanol, formaldehyde in an aqueous solution using visible light irradiation and in-situ synthesized CoPc/TiO2. CoPc/TiO2 nano-composite is in-situ synthesized through the annulations of 1,2-dicyanobenzene on the surface of TiO2 with Co(II) as template. The prepared catalysts are characterized by means of XRD, DTA–TG, UV–vis and FT-IR methods. The photo-catalytic activity of these catalysts under visible light is discussed. The experimental results indicate that cobalt-phthalocyanine (CoPc) and TiO2 are indeed synthesized by the in-situ method. Under the visible light irradiation, CoPc molecules are excited first and the excited electrons are injected into the conduction band of TiO2, then the separation of electron–hole pairs is increased so that the photo-catalytic efficiency is increased. The results show that the in-situ CoPc/TiO2 out performed physical absorbed CoPc/TiO2. The total organic carbon (TOC) yield of 0.7 wt.% in-situ CoPc/TiO2 is 1714.9 μmol/g catal. following 10 h of visible light illumination. The yield is much higher than those of TiO2 and physical absorbed CoPc/TiO2. 相似文献
27.
闽江流域是我国东南沿海史前文化遗址的主要分布区之一,是我国海洋文化的重要发源地,区域内丰富的史前文化遗存为该地开展史前人地关系研究提供了详实的资料.本文系统整理了闽江流域旧石器时代至战国—秦汉时期遗址,采用地理信息系统(GIS)空间分析方法,对聚落遗址的空间分布特征进行了分析,并探讨了与区域环境演变的关系.研究表明,闽江流域旧石器时代至战国—秦汉时期,遗址空间分布特征呈现出"喜高—下山—临江—向海"的总趋势.具体表现为:(1)除旧石器时期外,不同时期聚落遗址的分布与高程、坡度坡向均呈正相关.海拔分布高度逐渐降低,坡度选择以<3°的平缓地形为主,距河距离逐渐扩大,自然环境对聚落遗址时空分布的制约度逐渐减小.(2)不同阶段的遗址主要分布在既靠近水源又便于抵御洪水的河流阶地上.闽江流域上、中游多山地丘陵,受河流侧向侵蚀与堆积,形成适于古人生存的宽谷和阶地,遗址多沿河流分布;下游史前遗址的空间分布,除受到河流展布影响,还随区域海岸线变迁和海平面波动发生变化.(3)遗址数量的变化反映了古人类生产力水平和自然环境变化之间的耦合关系,其中秦汉之后遗址数量的骤降是自然环境与社会环境共同影响的结果.(4)闽江流域的人类活动在全新世早中期,受地形和环境因素影响,生产方式以采集、渔猎为主,耕作农业零星分布.在全新世晚期,有意识的耕作农业生产方式占据主要地位,尤其是距今2 ka左右,区域海平面逐渐趋于现代海平面,稻作农业逐渐成为该流域主要的农业生产方式. 相似文献
28.
29.
汽车排放标准与改进燃料品质降低排放污染 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文综述了美国、日本、欧洲经济委员会(ECE)及中国的汽车(主要是汽油车)排放标准;汽车排放与燃料品质有直接关系,通过改进燃料品质如使用无铅汽油,含氧燃料和替代燃料以及降低汽油中芳烃及硫含量等都能改善汽车排放污染。 相似文献
30.