全文获取类型
收费全文 | 716篇 |
免费 | 3篇 |
国内免费 | 4篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 15篇 |
废物处理 | 33篇 |
环保管理 | 65篇 |
综合类 | 118篇 |
基础理论 | 140篇 |
环境理论 | 1篇 |
污染及防治 | 280篇 |
评价与监测 | 36篇 |
社会与环境 | 33篇 |
灾害及防治 | 2篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 8篇 |
2021年 | 11篇 |
2020年 | 16篇 |
2019年 | 10篇 |
2018年 | 13篇 |
2017年 | 20篇 |
2016年 | 25篇 |
2015年 | 26篇 |
2014年 | 21篇 |
2013年 | 31篇 |
2012年 | 27篇 |
2011年 | 45篇 |
2010年 | 18篇 |
2009年 | 24篇 |
2008年 | 34篇 |
2007年 | 31篇 |
2006年 | 32篇 |
2005年 | 29篇 |
2004年 | 31篇 |
2003年 | 23篇 |
2002年 | 23篇 |
2001年 | 13篇 |
2000年 | 14篇 |
1999年 | 8篇 |
1998年 | 6篇 |
1997年 | 6篇 |
1996年 | 7篇 |
1995年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 6篇 |
1993年 | 7篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 14篇 |
1966年 | 4篇 |
1962年 | 3篇 |
1957年 | 6篇 |
1955年 | 3篇 |
1942年 | 3篇 |
1938年 | 3篇 |
1937年 | 4篇 |
1920年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有723条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
72.
73.
We present a framework of a scenario-based model that simulates the development of the municipality of Davos (Swiss Alps).
We illustrate our method with the calculation of the scenario for 2050 “Decrease in subsidies for mountain agriculture and liberalization of markets.” The main objective was to link submodels of land-use allocation (regression-based approach), material and energy flows submodels
(Material and Energy Flux Analysis), and economic submodels (Input–Output Analysis). Letting qualitative and quantitative
information flow from one submodel to the next, following the storyline describing a scenario, has proven to be suitable for
linking submodels. The succession of the submodels is then strongly dependent on the scenario. Qualitative information flows
are simulated with microsimulations of actor choices. Links between the submodels show different degrees of robustness: although
the links involving microsimulations are the weakest, the uncertainty introduced by the land-use allocation model is actually
advantageous because it allows one possible change in the landscape in the future to be simulated. The modeling results for
the scenario here presented show that the disappearance of agriculture only marginally affects the region’s factor income,
but that the consequences for the self-sufficiency rate, for various landscape-related indicators and ecosystem services,
and for the economy in the long term may be considerable. These benefits compensate for agriculture’s modest direct economic
value. The framework presented can potentially be applied to any region and scenario. This framework provides a basis for
a learning package that allows potential detrimental consequences of regional development to be anticipated at an early stage. 相似文献
74.
Michal Hejcman Michaela Klaudisová Pavla Hejcmanová Vilém Pavlů Martina Jones 《Agriculture, ecosystems & environment》2009,129(1-3):91-96
Calamagrostis villosa has recently expanded in Nardus stricta-dominated sub-alpine grassland of the Giant Mountains (Krkono?e/Karkonosze, the Czech Republic). To investigate whether this expansion has been promoted by high nitrogen deposition or by the cessation of agricultural management, grassland plots dominated by C. villosa were manipulated with four treatments: control (Con), fertilised (Fer), cut (Cut) and cut–fertilised (Cut–Fer). NH4NO3 was used at the rate of 30 kg N ha?1 and fertilisation and cutting were performed once a year after data collection in late July between 2000 and 2006.Plant species composition (analysed by RDA) was significantly influenced by cutting but not by fertilisation. Cutting reduced the cover, biomass, sward height and tiller density of C. villosa. Seedlings of N. stricta and panicles of C. villosa were recorded only in plots with cutting management.To investigate the effect of treatments on the spread of C. villosa, grassland sods dominated by N. stricta were transplanted into the experimental plots. Six years later, the density and cover of C. villosa spreading into the N. stricta sods were highest in Fer treatment.C. villosa was recognised as a defoliation-sensitive species and this sensitivity cannot be overcome by an increase in N supply. Recent expansion of C. villosa in the sub-alpine grassland can by explained by a long-term succession after the cessation of agricultural management and an increase in the N availability in recent decades. 相似文献
75.
76.
77.
78.
The Cambro-Ordovician anomalocaridids are large ecdysozoans commonly regarded as ancestors of the arthropods and apex predators. Predation is indicated partly by the presence of an unusual “peytoia”-type oral cone, which is a tetraradial outer ring of 32 plates, four of which are enlarged and in perpendicular arrangement. This oral cone morphology was considered a highly consistent and defining characteristic of well-known Burgess Shale taxa. It is here shown that Anomalocaris has a different oral cone, with only three large plates and a variable number of smaller and medium plates. Its functional morphology suggests that suction, rather than biting, was used for food ingestion, and that anomalocaridids in general employed a range of different scavenging and predatory feeding strategies. Removing anomalocaridids from the position of highly specialized trilobite predators forces a reconsideration of the ecological structure of the earliest marine animal communities in the Cambrian. 相似文献
79.
80.
Harald Norin Ragnar Ryhage Alexandros Christakopoulos Margareta Sandström 《Chemosphere》1983,12(3):299-315
An analytical method for the structure elucidation of quarternary organoarsenic compounds in trace amounts in fish and crustaceans has been developed in this laboratory. The two major organoarsenicals found in shrimps have been separated by ion-exchange chromatography and their stucture has been studied by the use of pyrolysis gas chromatography. Their degradation in the pyrolyzer unit has been studied by the use of atomic absorption spectrophotometer or mass spectrometer as detectors. A comparison of the analytical data of these substances and data from synthetic reference substances show complete agreement. The structures of reference compounds have been confirmed by use of nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry and fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectrometry. It is demonstrated that both of the organoarsenic compounds in shrimps have a trimethylarsonio moiety e.g. the compounds have a quarternary structure. Furthermore, the more basic organoarsenic compound has a mass spectrometric fragmentation pattern similar to synthetic arsenocholine and acetylarsenocholine. Treatment of arsenobetaine with hot base produces trimethylarsineoxide in a high yield (96%). Arsenocholine, however, remains unchanged during this treatment. Treatment with sodium benzenethiolate does not result in chemical demethylation, which shows that this method together with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is not feasible for confirmation of its structure. 相似文献