The rhythm of stereotypic behaviors in captive giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)北大核心CSCD

Stereotypy can be defined as a repetitive behavioral pattern with no apparent function or target in captivity. It is considered an abnormal behavior in contrast to the behavior in wild habitats and is often used as an important index to evaluate the captive environment, which has a significant scientific value. Many previous studies have focused on the impact of environment on stereotypical behavior; however, the rhythm of stereotypy remains unclear. To determine the mechanism of stereotypy, eight giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) were investigated 24 h a day from Jan 2018 to Dec 2019, with focal sampling and continuous recording. No stereotypy in the juveniles was noted, while the adult giant pandas displayed different stereotypies. Mean stereotypy durations were 0.72% of the total activity in circadian rhythm, with a peak of mean durations in all seasons occurring at 7:00 am–9:00 am, while, in spring, there was a peak of mean duration at 1:00 am–3:00 am. Although there was no significant difference, mean stereotypy durations and frequencies in the night were longer than those in the daytime. Mean stereotypy frequencies in spring reached the highest level, whereas mean stereotypy durations in winter were maximal. The adult giant pandas in the daytime showed maximal mean stereotypy durations in winter and minimal mean stereotypy durations in busy seasons (summer and autumn), whereas mean stereotypy durations at night were maximal in busy seasons. Despite no significant differences among these seasons, our results suggest that the stereotypy of giant pandas may have diurnal rhythms and seasonal differences. In light of the similar captive environment between adult and juvenile giant pandas, the appearance of stereotypy may be correlated with age, which may be the effects of the environment or a strategy of adaptation. © 2022 Science Press. All rights reserved.     

纳米金属氧化物对人体细胞毒性效应的构效关系研究

为建立高效的纳米金属氧化物细胞生物毒性构效关系预测模型，研究了20种纳米金属氧化物在不同生物条件下对人正常肺上皮细胞(BEAS-2B)和角质层细胞(HaCaT)的毒性效应构效关系，并首次将元素周期描述符(定量描述符)与试验条件参数(定性描述符)相结合，共同表征金属氧化物的纳米结构特征。在采用支持向量机-特征递归消除法(Support Vector Machine-Recursive Feature Elimination, SVM-RFE)筛选的最优描述符作为输入参数的基础上，分别应用支持向量机(Support Vector Machine, SVM)和随机森林(Random Forest, RF)2种高效的建模方法，建立纳米材料构效关系(Structure-Activity Relationships for Nanoparticals, Nano-SAR)预测模型。2个算法训练集的准确率(ACC)均大于0.9,内部验证准确率均大于0.7,测试集外部验证的准确率也均大于0.8,模型验证结果表明2个算法均具有良好的稳定性和较强的预测能力。对比2个算法研究结果表明，RF算法优于SVM算法...     

中国环境空气苯系物类挥发性有机物监测能力现状分析

为了解和评价中国环境空气挥发性有机物(VOCs)的监测能力和技术水平,以量化的手段评估环境空气VOCs监测数据质量,促进实验室质量管理水平提升,笔者以环境空气VOCs中的苯系物为代表,组织31个省、自治区、直辖市216家各级各类生态环境检验检测机构开展了实验室比对,利用稳健统计技术分析评价实验结果.结果表明:环境空气苯...