海平面变化及其对海洋生态环境的影响

世界约有一半人口生活在距海岸线50公里以内的沿岸地区,人口密度平均较内陆高出10倍,因此海平面变化与人类生活和社会经济发展休戚相关.随着人类活动对海洋、大气系统影响的迅速扩大,全球气候异常、海平面变化已经成为全球性重大环境问题.     

基于模糊熵-云理论的二维深基坑施工风险评价

为有效降低深基坑施工风险评价过程中因量化基础数据存在模糊性与随机性所带来的不利影响,构造了基于模糊熵-云理论的二维风险评价模型.首先利用最小信息熵原理确定评价指标的组合权重,并借助指标的云熵优化权重;其次对根据黄金分割定理划分的标准云数字特征进行修正,并提出一种正态云相似度的计算方法以确定指标的风险等级;然后为解决指标风险等级归属不确定、不一致的问题,引入模糊熵作为第二维评价参数反映评价结果的复杂程度;最后将该模型应用于工程实例并与模糊综合评判法进行对比.研究表明,该模型既兼顾了评价过程中的模糊性与随机性,又对指标风险等级归属差异做出了合理解释,比传统一维风险评价方法更加全面.     

逐级分离沉积物锌吸附特性受菹草影响的研究

重金属的环境行为与其在沉积物上的吸附状况密切相关,沉水植物对沉积物的重金属吸附性能有何影响值得关注.以武汉南湖沉积物为研究对象,对种植沉水植物菹草后沉积物的锌吸附性能变化开展研究,并将沉积物进行逐级分离,分析不同级的沉积物对锌吸附特性的作用.结果表明,Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温式均能拟合沉积物对锌的...     

生活垃圾焚烧炉污染物排放分析

简要介绍了生活垃圾焚烧妒的炉型、烟气净化技术的选择、飞灰固化的常用处置方式,通过分析不同生活垃圾焚烧炉的烟气监测数据,说明生活垃圾焚烧炉烟气排放能够达到GB 18485-2001<生活垃圾焚烧污染控制标准>相应标准限值,有些烟气污染物甚至能达到欧盟排放标准.     

Temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of sunshine duration over Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 1961 to 2020北大核心CSCD

Based on observation data of daily sunshine duration from 1961 to 2020 at 175 meteorological observation stations over Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, spatial transformation analysis, climate trend analysis and M-K mutation test were used to analyze the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of the seasonal and annual sunshine duration in the region in the last 60 years. The results show that (1) annual average sunshine duration was 2 323 h, the maximum was 3 487 h in Gaer, Tibet, and the minimum was 771 h in Ya'an, Sichuan. The high-value areas were mostly located in western Tibet, northern Qinghai, western Gansu, and Xinjiang, and the low-value areas were mostly located in Nyingchi in Tibet, the mountainous area on the western edge of the Sichuan Basin, and northwestern Yunnan. The highest sunshine duration was recorded in winter (631 h), and the lowest was recorded in autumn (555 h) among the four seasons. (2) The average decrease in annual sunshine duration was 10.27 h/10 a. The largest rates of decrease were mainly in Gannan of Gansu and Ganzi of Sichuan, with the largest rate of decrease of 130 h/10 a. The areas with large rates of increase were mainly in Hotan area of Xinjiang, Liangshan of Sichuan and Lhasa of Tibet, with the largest increase of 61 h/10 a. Among the four seasons, spring exhibited an upward trend, and the remainder exhibited a downward trend. (3) Before 2017, the annual sunshine duration increased but declined after 2017. Spring sunshine duration had the largest number of mutation years, and the earliest mutation time was 1963. Winter had the fewest number of mutation years and the latest mutation time occurred in 2015. In summary, the annual and seasonal sunshine duration of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau vary greatly in space, but with the general characteristics of more sunshine in the northwest and less in the southeast, and sunshine hours were mainly decreasing, with 2017 as a mutation point of annual sunshine duration. Most areas of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have great potential for photosynthetic production and are suitable for the development of light-loving plants and high-density planting. Shade-loving or shade-tolerant plants, including tea, are suitable for development in remote mountainous areas with low sunshine values in the western part of the basin, including Ya’an, Sichuan, and other areas, such as Medog, Tibet. © 2022 Science Press. All rights reserved.     

等离子体热解气化有机废弃物制氢的关键技术分析

等离子体热解气化有机固体废物制氢是一种先进高效的废物处理及资源化利用技术.首先,本文讨论了等离子体热解气化有机废弃物的机理,也概括了等离子体发生器的类型及其特点,其次分析了等离子体处理固体废弃物的影响因素,认为输入功率和载气类型等是影响等离子体处理的主要因素,最后总结了等离子体处理医疗垃圾、农林生物质、污泥等的应用现状与前景,指出等离子体热解气化固体废弃物是一种很有潜力的制氢方法.     

基于ATCA架构智能监控管理平台的设计与应用

一、概述 随着我国平安城市建设的不断深化,安防行业已经深入到社会生活的方方面面,大到公共安全、金融教育、电力电信、交通能源等,小到小区监控与家庭安防,安防产品迅速扩大至各行各业。各行业根据实际需要逐渐引进了多种安防系统,如视频监控系统、门禁监控系统、楼宇自动化系统等,但是这些系统往往各自独立,     

活性炭在饮用水深度处理中的应用研究

以黄浦江饮用水为原水,对深度处理饮用水的活性炭进行吸附效果研究,通过动态吸附实验、Freundlich吸附等温线的测定,对5种活性炭的吸附性能进行比较,创新性地对活性炭进行了内在结构性能研究,得到了适合于黄浦江饮用水深度处理的活性炭。采用液氮静态吸附法测定其吸附等温线,根据B.E.T方程计算出比表面积,根据Barratt等人提出的BJH法计算出孔径分布,从理论上分析了活性炭结构性能的优劣。对于促进现代净水技术的发展具有一定的理论价值和现实意义。     

碳纤维上浆技术对其可织性能的影响

碳纤维具有优良的力学性能,被誉为21世纪的新型材料。因其具有模量高、强度大、比重小、耐高温、抗疲劳、抗腐蚀等一系列优异的性能,其与先进树脂形成的复合材料在现代航空航天尖端技术领域及民用领域有着广泛的应用。为了提高其加工界面性能及可织造性,本文对碳纤维上浆情况,特别是对碳纤维的上浆剂、上浆工艺、表面处理的情况进行了介绍,旨在为读者提供有关碳纤维上浆技术的有关技术信息。     

旁压（夹绳）式起重量限制器引起起重机带电的原因分析与对策

采用钢丝绳受力作为信号输出的旁压（夹绳）式起重量限制器易引起触电事故,本文分析了旁压（夹绳）式起重量限制器的正确安装方法及限重原理,剖析了现有旁压（夹绳）式起重量限制器使用不当引发起重机触电风险及危害,提出了避免事故的对策及做到本质安全的相关措施。