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91.
Chutian Xu Wei Yue Peirong Sun Shutong Chen Zhengying Wu Nan Xu Li Tang Guangzhou Sheng Dapeng Li 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(2):170-179
The capping is called passive remediation because the sedimentary P was released and then immobilized by the capping materials. However, the release depends on the environmental conditions. Therefore, a hypothesis was proposed that the oxidant was used to accelerate sedimentary P release and the capping material was used to capture those released P. It is positive remediation to reduce sedimentary P amount. The results show that soluble reactive phosphorus(SRP) concentration in the overlying wat... 相似文献
92.
Real-world fuel consumption of light-duty passenger vehicles using on-board diagnostic (OBD) systems
Xuan Zheng Sheng Lu Liuhanzi Yang Min Yan Guangyi Xu Xiaomeng Wu Lixin Fu Ye Wu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(2):33
93.
Recent years have seen a significant increase in interest in green manufacturing as a key driver of global carbon-neutral efforts and sustainable development. To find the research hotspots of green manufacturing and reveal future research trends, this study reviewed and analyzed research articles from the Web of Science database on green manufacturing from1991 to 2022 using a bibliometric method. The findings indicate a significant rise in the number of articles related to green manufacturing si... 相似文献
94.
Seasonal aerosol samples have been collected by Andersen Hi-Vol pumping system equipped with a five stage cascade impactor
and a backup filter (size range: 10–7.2 μ m, 7.2–3.0 μ m, 3.0–1.5 μ m, 1.5–0.95 μ m, 0.95–0.49 μ m, ≤0.49 μ m) in the Liwan
district, Guangzhou. n-Alkanes were measured using gas chromatography and PAHs were measured using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis.
The bimodal log-normal distributions of n-alkanes and semi-volatile PAHs were found, while for non-volatile PAHs that was unimodal, so much as the mode of semi-volatile
PAHs was similar with that of the particles. The n-alkanes and PAHs were preferably associated with fine particles. C
max (carbon number maximum) (C22–C26), CPI (carbon preference index) (1.12–1.21), U/R (unresolved to resolved components ratio) (7.42–10.7), wax% (0.9–3.12%)
and the diagnostic ratios for PAHs revealed that vehicular emission was the major source of these organic compounds during
the study periods, while the contribution of epicuticular waxes emitted by terrestrial plants was minor. CPI2 (values for petrogenic hydrocarbons), CPI3 (values for biogenic n-alkanes) and wax% revealed that the natural preferentially accumulated in the larger aerosol while the anthropogenic in the
smaller. In addition, the different MMDs (mass median diameters) for n-alkanes and PAHs were observed in different seasons. The MMDs for n-alkanes and PAHs were higher in autumn/winter than those in spring/summer. The seasonal effect was related to the hydrocarbon
content in the individual particulate fractions, showing a preferential association of n-alkanes and PAHs with larger particles in the autumn/winter season. 相似文献
95.
Sheng CHANG Jianzheng LI Feng LIU Ze YU 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2012,6(6):901-906
Decreasing hydrogen partial pressure can not only increase the activity of the hydrogen enzyme but also decrease the products inhibition, so it is an appropriate method to enhance the fermentative hydrogen production from anaerobic mixed culture. The effect of biogas release method on anaerobic fermentative hydrogen production in batch culture system was compared, i.e., Owen method with intermediately release, continuous releasing method, and continuous releasing+ CO2 absorbing. The experimental results showed that, at 35°C, initial pH 7.0 and glucose concentration of 10 g·L-1, the hydrogen production was only 28 mL when releasing gas by Owen method, while it increased two times when releasing the biogas continuously. The cumulative hydrogen production could reach 155 mL when carbon dioxide in the gas stream was continuously absorbed by 1 mol·L-1 NaOH. The results showed that acetate was dominated, accounting for 43% in the dissolved fermentation products in Owen method, whereas the butyrate predominated and reached 47%–53% of the total liquid end products when releasing gas continuously. It is concluded that the homoacetogenesis could be suppressed when absorbing CO2 in the gas phase in fermentative hydrogen production system. 相似文献
96.
Growing concern over reproductive hormones in the environment demands sensitive and efficient methods by use of molecular biomarkers to detect these contaminants in oviparous vertebrates. In this study, a real-time quantitative RT-PCR was adopted to investigate the expressions of three estrogen-responsive genes, Vtg I, Vtg II and ERalpha, in hepatic and extrahepatic tissues of male adult zebrafish exposed to varying concentrations of 17beta-estradiol (E2) for selected periods. Without exposure to E2, all the genes were expressed in the tissues of male controls with their levels being much lower than those in the respective tissues of female controls. The expressions of hepatic Vtg I and II mRNAs were induced significantly after 1-day exposure to E2 at as low as 0.25 microg L(-1). Significant induction in the expression of hepatic ERalpha mRNA required a higher E2 concentration (> or = 0.5 microg L(-1)) and a longer exposure (> or = 2 days), suggesting that Vtg I and Vtg II are more sensitive to E2 exposure. The induction of Vtg mRNA in the skin of zebrafish was also significant following a short exposure (1 day) to low E2 concentration (0.25 microg L(-1)), with the levels of Vtg I and Vtg II mRNA being increased by 25 and 5 times, respectively. These results suggest that Vtg I mRNA is a highly sensitive biomarker for determining the estrogenic effects of E2 and that the skin of zebrafish may be an appropriate substitute for liver for such a determination. 相似文献
97.
A heavy metal-resistant bacterial strain was isolated from heavy metal-contaminated soils and identified as Burkholderia sp. J62 based on the 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. The heavy metal- and antibiotic resistance, heavy metal solubilization of the isolate were investigated. The isolate was also evaluated for promoting plant growth and Pb and Cd uptakes of the plants from heavy metal-contaminated soils in pot experiments. The isolate was found to exhibit different multiple heavy metal and antibiotic resistance characteristics. Atomic absorption spectrometer analysis showed increased bacterial solubilization of lead and cadmium in solution culture and in soils. The isolate produced indole acetic acid, siderophore and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase. The isolate also solubilized inorganic phosphate. Inoculation with the isolate was found to significantly (p < 0.05) increase the biomass of maize and tomato plants. Increase in tissue Pb and Cd contents varied from 38% to 192% and from 5% to 191% in inoculated plants growing in heavy metal-contaminated soils compared to the uninoculated control, respectively. These results show that heavy metal-solubilizing and plant growth promoting bacteria are important for plant growth and heavy metal uptake which may provide a new microbial enhanced-phytoremediation of metal-polluted soils. 相似文献
98.
Effects of fifteen PBDE metabolites, DE71, DE79 and TBBPA on steroidogenesis in the H295R cell line 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Song R He Y Murphy MB Yeung LW Yu RM Lam MH Lam PK Hecker M Giesy JP Wu RS Zhang W Sheng G Fu J 《Chemosphere》2008,71(10):1888-1894
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) are brominated flame retardants that are produced in large quantities and are commonly used in construction materials, textiles, and as polymers in electronic equipment. Environmental and human levels of PBDEs have been increasing in the past 30 years, but the toxicity of PBDEs is not fully understood. Studies on their effects are relatively limited, and show that PBDEs are neurotoxins and potential endocrine disrupters. Hydroxylated (OH) and methoxylated (MeO) PBDEs have also been reported in the adipose tissue, blood and milk of wild animals and humans. In the present study, 15 PBDE metabolites, two BDE mixtures (DE71 and DE79), and TBBPA were studied individually to determine their effects on ten steroidogenic genes, aromatase activity, and concentrations of two steroid hormones (testosterone and 17beta-estradiol) in the H295R human adrenocortical carcinoma cell line. Exposure to 0.05 microM 2'-OH-BDE-68 significantly induced the expression of CYP11A, CYP11B2, CYP17, CYP21, 3betaHSD2, 17betaHSD1, and 17betaHSD4, and the expression of StAR was induced by 6-OH-BDE-90 at the three exposure concentrations. Exposure to DE71 and DE79 resulted in dose-dependent trend towards induction, but these effects were not significant. Exposure to 0.5 microM 2-OH-BDE-123 and 2-MeO-BDE-123 resulted in significantly greater aromatase activity. However, none of the compounds affected sex hormone production at the concentrations tested. Generally, OH-BDEs had a much stronger ability to affect steroidogenic gene expression than MeO-BDEs. 相似文献
99.
我国工业项目环境影响评价与节能减排政策分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
文章从我国目前宏观经济增长方式、消费结构出发,在阐述部分高耗能产业产能过剩与资源环境之间所存在矛盾的基础上,重点分析了“十一五”前期建设项目环境影响评价在结构调整的宏观调控中对环境保护所起的作用,并从节能减排的角度出发,对“十一五”后期的环境影响评价提出了要求与建议。 相似文献
100.
Rapid economic growth in the last two decades in Shanghai has had a great adverse influence on its air quality. Therefore, the atmospheric pollutants of Shanghai have received much concern. In this study, concentrations of 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDD/Fs and PBDD/Fs congeners were measured in the ambient air of four districts in Shanghai. The mean atmospheric concentrations (TEQs) of total 2,3,7,8-PCDD/Fs and 2,3,7,8-PBDD/Fs were 8031 fg m(-3) (497.1 fg I-TEQ m(-3)) and 1358 fg m(-3) (304.1 fg I-TEQ m(-3)) for Jiading District, 5308 fg m(-3) (289.0 fg I-TEQ m(-3)) and 709 fg m(-3) (146.9 fg I-TEQ m(-3)) for Zhabei District, 4014 fg m(-3) (144.4 fg I-TEQ m(-3)) and 1239 fg m(-3) (256.9 fg I-TEQ m(-3)) for Pudong District, 3348 fg m(-3) (143.2 fg I-TEQ m(-3)) and 699 fg m(-3) (148.4 fg I-TEQ m(-3)) for Huangpu District, respectively. Our results showed that almost all the PCDD/Fs and PBDD/Fs congeners were partitioned into the particulate phase except the lower chlorinated or brominated ones. The logarithm of the gas/particle partitioning coefficient K(p) has good linear correlation with that of the sub-cooled vapor pressure p(L). Concentrations of PCDD/Fs and PBDD/Fs were both positively correlated to elemental carbon in all districts except Pudong District, suggesting elemental carbon could be a good indicator for dioxins' air pollution. It is intensively suggested that more detailed and deeper studies about PBDD/Fs should be carried out due to their relatively high atmospheric concentrations in Shanghai. 相似文献